像我这样优雅地进行Spring整合MongoDB

2022-12-03 16:34:51

本文重点是要将mongodb与spring整合到项目中去，在实践中发现问题，追踪问题，然后解决问题。

像我这样优雅地进行Spring整合MongoDB

一、准备

  • Maven、Spring(spring-data-mongodb)
  • spring Data for MongoDB是Spring Data的一个子模块。 目标是为mongodb提供一个相近的一致的基于Spring的编程模型。
  • Spring Data for MongoDB核心功能是映射POJO到Mongo的DBCollection中的文档，并且提供Repository 风格数据访问层。

二、特性

  • MongoDB的提供了一个面向文档存储，操作起来比较简单和容易。
  • 你可以在MongoDB记录中设置任何属性的索引 (如：FirstName="Ning",Address="Beijing")来实现更快的排序。
  • 你可以通过本地或者网络创建数据镜像，这使得MongoDB有更强的扩展性。
  • 如果负载的增加（需要更多的存储空间和更强的处理能力） ，它可以分布在计算机网络中的其他节点上这就是所谓的分片。
  • Mongo支持丰富的查询表达式。查询指令使用JSON形式的标记，可轻易查询文档中内嵌的对象及数组。
  • MongoDb 使用update()命令可以实现替换完成的文档（数据）或者一些指定的数据字段 。
  • Mongodb中的Map/reduce主要是用来对数据进行批量处理和聚合操作。
  • Map和Reduce。Map函数调用emit(key,value)遍历集合中所有的记录，将key与value传给Reduce函数进行处理。
  • Map函数和Reduce函数是使用Javascript编写的，并可以通过db.runCommand或mapreduce命令来执行MapReduce操作。
  • GridFS是MongoDB中的一个内置功能，可以用于存放大量小文件。
  • MongoDB允许在服务端执行脚本，可以用Javascript编写某个函数，直接在服务端执行，也可以把函数的定义存储在服务端，下次直接调用即可。
  • MongoDB支持各种编程语言:RUBY，PYTHON，JAVA，C++，PHP，C#等多种语言。

三、依赖包

<dependency>

    <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>

    <artifactId>spring-data-mongodb</artifactId>

    <version>1.5.0.RELEASE</version>

</dependency>

<dependency>

    <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>

    <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>

    <version>1.5.10</version>

</dependency>

spring 相关依赖

<!-- spring web相关依赖 -->

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>

            <version>${spring.version}</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>

            <version>3.1.2.RELEASE</version>

        </dependency>

        <!-- spring test依赖 -->

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>

            <version>4.3.1.RELEASE</version>

        </dependency>

四、集成MongoDB

【注：MongoDB添加权限管理请参见我的这篇文章:MongDB开启权限认证】

mongodb.properties

mongo.hostport=172.16.4.166:27017

mongo.dbname=ad_api_count

mongo.username=hehaitao

mongo.password=hehaitao

mongo.connectionsPerHost=8

mongo.threadsAllowedToBlockForConnectionMultiplier=4

#\u8FDE\u63A5\u8D85\u65F6\u65F6\u95F4

mongo.connectTimeout=1000

#\u7B49\u5F85\u65F6\u95F4

mongo.maxWaitTime=1500

mongo.autoConnectRetry=true

mongo.socketKeepAlive=true

#Socket\u8D85\u65F6\u65F6\u95F4

mongo.socketTimeout=1500

mongo.slaveOk=true

mongoDB.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

    xmlns:mongo="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

          http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd

          http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo

          http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo/spring-mongo-1.0.xsd

          http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

          http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd">

    <!-- 加载mongodb的属性配置文件 -->

    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:mongodb.properties" ignore-unresolvable="true"/>

    <!-- 定义mongo对象，对应的是mongodb官方jar包中的Mongo，replica-set设置集群副本的ip地址和端口 -->

    <mongo:mongo id="mongo" replica-set="${mongo.hostport}">

        <mongo:options

             connections-per-host="${mongo.connectionsPerHost}"

             threads-allowed-to-block-for-connection-multiplier="${mongo.threadsAllowedToBlockForConnectionMultiplier}"

             connect-timeout="${mongo.connectTimeout}"

             max-wait-time="${mongo.maxWaitTime}"

             auto-connect-retry="${mongo.autoConnectRetry}"

             socket-keep-alive="${mongo.socketKeepAlive}"

             socket-timeout="${mongo.socketTimeout}"

             slave-ok="${mongo.slaveOk}"

             write-number="1"

             write-timeout="0"

             write-fsync="true"/>

    </mongo:mongo>

    <mongo:db-factory id="mgFactory"

        dbname="${mongo.dbname}"

        username="${mongo.username}"

        password="${mongo.password}"

         mongo-ref="mongo" />

    <bean id="mongoTemplate" class="org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate">

        <constructor-arg name="mongoDbFactory" ref="mgFactory"/>

    </bean>

</beans>

spring-contex.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"

    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"

    xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.1.xsd

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/task

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task-3.1.xsd">

    <aop:aspectj-autoproxy proxy-target-class="true"/>

    <!--使用注解管理bean  -->

    <context:annotation-config/>

    <!-- 扫描com.lutongnet下的所有类 -->

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.lutong.cps">

        <context:exclude-filter type = "annotation" expression = "org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>

    </context:component-scan>

   <import resource="mongoDB.xml"/>

</beans>

五、代码实现

基础实现MongoDBService

/**

 * File Name   : MongoDBService.java

 * Package     : com.lutongnet.ad.service

 * Description : TODO

 * Author      : zhangfj

 * Date        : 2012-11-29

 * Version     : V1.0

 */

package com.lutong.cps.schedule.service.fj;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;

import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate;

import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Query;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

/**

 * @author zhangfj

 *

 */

@Service("mongoDBService")

public class MongoDBService

{

    /*@Resource(name = "mongoTemplate")

    protected MongoTemplate mongoTemplate;*/

    /**

     *

     * @param query

     * @param entityClass

     * @return T

     */

    public <T> T findOne(Query query, Class<T> entityClass)

    {

        ApplicationContext context=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("mongoDB.xml");

        MongoTemplate mongoTemplate= (MongoTemplate) context.getBean("mongoTemplate");

        // 可以直接调用

        return mongoTemplate.findOne(query, entityClass);

    }

}

继承类UserAdCountService

/**

 * File Name   : UserAdCountService.java

 * Package     : com.lutongnet.ad.service

 * Description : TODO

 * Author      : zhangfj

 * Date        : 2012-11-29

 * Version     : V1.0

 */

package com.lutong.cps.schedule.service.fj;

import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Criteria;

import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Query;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import com.lutong.cps.schedule.entity.UserAdCount;

/**

 * @author zhangfj

 *

 */

@Service("userAdCountService")

public class UserAdCountService extends MongoDBService

{

    /**

     * 获取单个广告的观看次数，查询不到则返回0

     *

     * @param adCode

     * @return int

     */

    public int getUserAdCount(UserAdCount adCode)

    {

        Criteria criteria = new Criteria();

        criteria.andOperator(Criteria.where("userAd").is(adCode.getUserAd()),

                Criteria.where("adCode").is(adCode.getAdCode()),

                Criteria.where("countDate").is(adCode.getCountDate()));

        Query query = new Query(criteria);

        UserAdCount result = findOne(query, UserAdCount.class);

        if (null != result)

        {

            return result.getTimesCount();

        }

        return 0;

    }

}

实体类UserAdCount

package com.lutong.cps.schedule.entity;

import java.util.Date;

import org.springframework.data.annotation.PersistenceConstructor;

import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.mapping.Document;

/**

 * mongo专用统计单个用户的单个广告观看次数

 * @author cancer

 *

 */

@Document(collection="userAdCount")

public class UserAdCount

{

    private int timesCount;

    /**

     * 用户账号

     */

    private String userAd;

    private String adCode;

    private String countDate;

    private Date expireAt;

@PersistenceConstructor

    public UserAdCount(int timesCount, String userAd,String adCode,String countDate,Date expireAt)

    {

        this.timesCount = timesCount;

        this.userAd = userAd;

        this.adCode = adCode;

        this.countDate = countDate;

        this.expireAt = expireAt;

    }

    public UserAdCount(String userAd,String adCode,String countDate)

    {

        this.userAd = userAd;

        this.adCode = adCode;

        this.countDate = countDate;

    }

    public UserAdCount(String userAd,String adCode,String countDate,Date expireAt)

    {

        this.userAd = userAd;

        this.adCode = adCode;

        this.countDate = countDate;

        this.expireAt = expireAt;

    }

public UserAdCount(String countDate)

    {

        this.countDate = countDate;

    }

    public int getTimesCount()

    {

        return timesCount;

    }

    public void setTimesCount(int timesCount)

    {

        this.timesCount = timesCount;

    }

    public String getUserAd()

    {

        return userAd;

    }

    public void setUserAd(String userAd)

    {

        this.userAd = userAd;

    }

    public String getAdCode()

    {

        return adCode;

    }

    public void setAdCode(String adCode)

    {

        this.adCode = adCode;

    }

    public String getCountDate() {

        return countDate;

    }

    public void setCountDate(String countDate) {

        this.countDate = countDate;

    }

    public Date getExpireAt() {

        return expireAt;

    }

    public void setExpireAt(Date expireAt) {

        this.expireAt = expireAt;

    }

}

最后写一个测试类来测试下

import java.util.List;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import org.junit.Test;

import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;

import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

import com.acts.web.modules.mark.model.Users;

import com.lutong.cps.schedule.service.fj.UserAdCountService;

@ContextConfiguration({ "classpath:spring-context.xml",

        "classpath:mongoDB.xml"})

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)

public class UserTest {

   @Resource(name = "userAdCountService")

    private UserAdCountService userAdCountService;

    @Test

    public void testDao() {

        try {

            UserAdCount userAdCount = new UserAdCount("hehaitao", "pos001",

                            DateTime.now().toString("yyyy-MM-dd"));

                int count = userAdCountService

                            .getUserAdCount(userAdCount);

                System.out.println(count);

        } catch (Exception e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        }

    }

}
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