创建一个简单的WCF程序2——手动开启/关闭WCF服务与动态调用WCF地址

2022-12-03 15:21:51

一、创建WCF服务器

1、创建WCF服务器的窗体应用程序

打开VS2010，选择文件→新建→项目菜单项，在打开的新建项目对话框中，依次选择Visual C#→Windows→Windows窗体应用程序，然后输入项目名称(Name)，存放位置(Location)和解决方案名称(Solution Name)，点击“确定”生成项目。如下图：

2、在新建的WcfServer项目中右键添加→新建项，新建一个Calculate的WCF服务，接着添加服务操作，本示例中添加了一个Add的加法服务操作

Add的加法服务操作代码：

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Linq;

using System.Runtime.Serialization;

using System.ServiceModel;

using System.Text;

namespace WcfServer

{

    // 注意: 使用“重构”菜单上的“重命名”命令，可以同时更改代码和配置文件中的接口名“ICalculate”。

    [ServiceContract]

    public interface ICalculate

    {

        [OperationContract]

        int Add(int i, int j);

    }

}

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Linq;

using System.Runtime.Serialization;

using System.ServiceModel;

using System.Text;

namespace WcfServer

{

    // 注意: 使用“重构”菜单上的“重命名”命令，可以同时更改代码和配置文件中的类名“Calculate”。

    public class Calculate : ICalculate

    {

        public int Add(int i, int j)

        {

            return i + j;

        }

    }

}

3、将该项目中创建的Form1重命名为FrmMain，在窗体中进行WCF服务的操作，如下图：

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.ComponentModel;

using System.Data;

using System.Drawing;

using System.Linq;

using System.Text;

using System.Windows.Forms;

using System.ServiceModel;

using System.Configuration;

using System.ServiceModel.Configuration;

namespace WcfServer

{

    public partial class FrmMain : Form

    {

        public FrmMain()

        {

            InitializeComponent();

            txtWcfServiceURL.Text = ConfigHelper.Config.WcfServiceConnectURL;

        }

        /// <summary>

        /// 主机服务

        /// </summary>

        ServiceHost serviceHost;

        /// <summary>

        /// 开启服务

        /// </summary>

        /// <param name="sender"></param>

        /// <param name="e"></param>

        private void btnStart_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            ConfigHelper.Config.WcfServiceConnectURL = txtWcfServiceURL.Text;

            if (serviceHost == null)

            {

                this.btnStart.Enabled = false;

                this.btnStop.Enabled = true;

                try

                {

                    // 实例化WCF服务对象

                    serviceHost = new ServiceHost(typeof(WcfServer.Calculate));

                    serviceHost.Opened += delegate { MessageBox.Show("启动服务OK"); };

                    serviceHost.Closed += delegate { MessageBox.Show("停止服务OK"); };

                    serviceHost.Open();

                }

                catch (Exception ex)

                {

                    MessageBox.Show("启动服务异常：" + ex.Message + "==>" + ex.StackTrace);

                }

            }

            else

            {

                btnStop_Click(sender, e);

            }

        }

        /// <summary>

        /// 停止服务

        /// </summary>

        /// <param name="sender"></param>

        /// <param name="e"></param>

        private void btnStop_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            this.btnStart.Enabled = true;

            this.btnStop.Enabled = false;

            try

            {

                if (serviceHost != null)

                {

                    serviceHost.Close();

                    serviceHost = null;

                }

            }

            catch (Exception ex)

            {

                MessageBox.Show("停止服务异常：" + ex.Message + "==>" + ex.StackTrace);

            }

        }

    }

    public class ConfigHelper

    {

        private static ConfigHelper _config = new ConfigHelper();

        /// <summary>

        /// 获取ServerConfig对象

        /// </summary>

        public static ConfigHelper Config

        {

            get { return _config; }

        }

        /// <summary>

        /// 获取或设置连接服务器地址

        /// </summary>

        public string WcfServiceConnectURL

        {

            get { return GetWcfServiceUri(); }

            set { SetWcfServiceUri(value); }

        }

        /// <summary>

        /// 设置Wcf服务器的地址

        /// </summary>

        private void SetWcfServiceUri(string uri)

        {

            Configuration serviceModelConfig = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None);

            ConfigurationSectionGroup serviceModel = serviceModelConfig.SectionGroups["system.serviceModel"];

            ServiceModelSectionGroup serviceModelSectionGroup = serviceModel as ServiceModelSectionGroup;

            ServiceElement service = serviceModelSectionGroup.Services.Services["WcfServer.Calculate"];

            service.Host.BaseAddresses[].BaseAddress = uri;

            serviceModelConfig.Save();

            // 刷新命名节，在下次检索它时将从磁盘重新读取它。记住应用程序要刷新节点

            //ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("system.serviceModel");

            ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("system.serviceModel/behaviors");

            ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("system.serviceModel/bindings");

            ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("system.serviceModel/client");

            ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("system.serviceModel/services");

        }

        /// <summary>

        /// 获取Wcf服务器的地址

        /// </summary>

        /// <returns></returns>

        private string GetWcfServiceUri()

        {

            Configuration serviceModelConfig = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None);

            ConfigurationSectionGroup serviceModel = serviceModelConfig.SectionGroups["system.serviceModel"];

            ServiceModelSectionGroup serviceModelSectionGroup = serviceModel as ServiceModelSectionGroup;

            ServiceElement service = serviceModelSectionGroup.Services.Services["WcfServer.Calculate"];

            return service.Host.BaseAddresses[].BaseAddress;

        }

        /// <summary>

        /// 设置指定节点的配置值

        /// </summary>

        private void SetAppSettings(string key, string value)

        {

            Configuration appSettingConfig = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None);

            appSettingConfig.AppSettings.Settings[key].Value = value;

            appSettingConfig.Save();

            ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("appSettings");// 刷新命名节，在下次检索它时将从磁盘重新读取它。记住应用程序要刷新节点

        }

        /// <summary>

        /// 获取指定节点的配置值

        /// </summary>

        private string GetAppSettings(string key)

        {

            return ConfigurationManager.AppSettings[key];

        }

    }

}

这样WCF服务器基本上就做好了，接下来就是在WCF客户端调用了！

二、WCF客户端

1、新建的控制台程序项目WcfClient，右键添加服务引用，弹出添加服务引用对话框，点击前往，在地址上输入WCF服务器的地址，找到服务后，修改命名空间，点击确定，项目自动生成服务。如下图：

2、客户端(控制台应用程序)中调用WCF服务操作

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Linq;

using System.Text;

using System.ServiceModel;

using System.ServiceModel.Channels;

namespace WcfClient

{

    class Program

    {

        // 要想异步调用，需要在添加服务引用时，选择“高级”按钮→勾选“生成异步操作”

        static void Main(string[] args)

        {

            EndpointAddress endPoint = new EndpointAddress("http://192.168.8.184/Calculate");

            // 基于WSHttp请求方式

            Binding wshttpBinding = new WSHttpBinding();

            wshttpBinding.SendTimeout = new System.TimeSpan(, , );

            // 手动调用WCF地址

            WcfService.CalculateClient calcTest = new WcfService.CalculateClient(wshttpBinding, endPoint);

            // 进行异步操作

            calcTest.AddCompleted += new EventHandler<WcfService.AddCompletedEventArgs>(calcTest_AddCompleted);

            calcTest.AddAsync(, );

            Console.ReadKey();

        }

        /// <summary>

        /// 调用AddAsync方法完成后回调事件

        /// </summary>

        /// <param name="sender"></param>

        /// <param name="e"></param>

        static void calcTest_AddCompleted(object sender, WcfService.AddCompletedEventArgs e)

        {

            Console.WriteLine(e.Result);

        }

    }

}

使用ChannelFactory类动态调用WCF地址：

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Linq;

using System.Text;

using System.ServiceModel;

using System.ServiceModel.Channels;

namespace WcfClient

{

    class Program

    {

        static void Main(string[] args)

        {

            WcfService.ICalculate icalcTest = null;

            try

            {

                EndpointAddress endPoint = new EndpointAddress("http://192.168.8.184/Calculate");

                // 基于WSHttp请求方式

                Binding wshttpBinding = new WSHttpBinding();

                //using (ChannelFactory<WcfService.ICalculate> channelFactory = new ChannelFactory<WcfService.ICalculate>("ClientEndpoint", endPoint))

                using (ChannelFactory<WcfService.ICalculate> channelFactory = new ChannelFactory<WcfService.ICalculate>(wshttpBinding, endPoint))

                {

                    icalcTest = channelFactory.CreateChannel();   // 建立连接通道

                    (icalcTest as ICommunicationObject).Closed += delegate

                    {

                        Console.WriteLine("连接已关闭");

                    };

                    int addResult = icalcTest.Add(, );

                    Console.WriteLine(addResult);

                }

            }

            catch (TimeoutException)

            {

                (icalcTest as ICommunicationObject).Abort();

            }

            catch (CommunicationException)

            {

                (icalcTest as ICommunicationObject).Abort();

            }

            catch (Exception)

            {

                (icalcTest as ICommunicationObject).Close();

            }

            Console.ReadKey();

        }

    }

}

本示例的源码：http://files.cnblogs.com/lusunqing/WcfTest.rar

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