二进制安装 上传或者下载包 安装依赖 解压包 移动目录 做软连接 创建mysql用户 拷贝配置文件和启动脚本 启动数据库 Mysql_二进制方式安装详解
mysql 安装
1.安装方式
1.二进制安装 2.源码包安装 3.rpm包安装
1.二进制安装
1）上传或者下载包
[root@db01 ~]# rz #或者 [root@web01 ~]# wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-5.6.46-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
2）安装依赖
先安装依耐，在解压之前安装，防止包在解压的时候就去找依耐，而出现安装报错的问题。
[root@db01 ~]# yum install -y ncurses-devel libaio-devel autoconf
3）解压包
[root@db01 ~]# tar xf mysql-5.6.46-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
4）移动目录
一般用户安装的软件放在/usr/local/下面
[root@db01 ~]# mv mysql-5.6.46-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/
主文件夹下的一些目录
[root@db01 /usr/local/mysql-5.6.46-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64]# ll total 240 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jul 9 10:33 bin # 存放的二进制文件，比如启动文件在里面 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 18 Jul 9 10:34 data drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 55 Jul 9 10:33 docs drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Jul 9 10:34 include drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 316 Jul 9 10:33 lib -rw-r--r-- 1 7161 31415 221739 Sep 27 2019 LICENSE drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 30 Jul 9 10:33 man drwxr-xr-x 10 root root 291 Jul 9 10:34 mysql-test # 存放默认的数据库 -rw-r--r-- 1 7161 31415 587 Sep 27 2019 README drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 30 Jul 9 10:33 scripts drwxr-xr-x 28 root root 4096 Jul 9 10:34 share drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Jul 9 10:34 sql-bench drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 136 Jul 9 10:34 support-files # 里面有默认的配置文件和启动脚本
5）做软连接
方便升级和管理目录
[root@db01 ~]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql-5.6.46-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
6）创建mysql用户
用来管理mysql进程的
[root@db01 ~]# useradd mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M
7）拷贝配置文件和启动脚本
[root@db01 ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files/ [root@db01 support-files]# cp my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf cp: overwrite ‘/etc/my.cnf’? y [root@db01 support-files]# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
8）初始化数据库
[root@db01 ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql/scripts/ [root@db01 scripts]# ./mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --user: 指定用户 --basedir: 指定安装目录 --datadir: 指定数据目录 #初始化成功的标志是两个ok
9）启动数据库
[root@db01 scripts]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
10）配置环境变量
[root@db01 scripts]# vim /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH [root@db01 scripts]# source /etc/profile
11）配置system管理mysql
[root@db01 scripts]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service [Unit] Description=MySQL Server Documentation=man:mysqld(8) Documentation=https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html After=network.target After=syslog.target [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target [Service] User=mysql Group=mysql ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf LimitNOFILE = 5000 [root@db01 scripts]# systemctl daemon-reload [root@db01 scripts]# systemctl start mysqld
12）确认启动
[root@db01 scripts]# ps -ef | grep mysql mysql 12886 1 2 03:10 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf root 12921 10636 0 03:11 pts/1 00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql [root@db01 scripts]# netstat -lntp Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:6379 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 12027/redis-server tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 6180/rpcbind tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 7113/sshd tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 7198/master tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 12886/mysqld tcp6 0 0 :::111 :::* LISTEN 6180/rpcbind tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 7113/sshd tcp6 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 7198/master # 安装成功 [root@db01 scripts]# mysql Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 1 Server version: 5.6.46 MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
遇到的报错
[root@db01 /usr/local/mysql-5.6.46-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/scripts]# ./mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data FATAL ERROR: please install the following Perl modules before executing ./mysql_install_db: Data::Dumper # 解决命令 yum -y install autoconf
FBI WARNING
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