zip：打包和压缩文件
zip压缩格式是Windows与Linux等多平台通用的压缩格式。和gzip命令相比，zip命令压缩文件不仅不会删除源文件，而且还可以压缩目录。
zip命令的参数选项及说明
-r 将指定目录下的所有文件和子目录一并压缩
-x 压缩文件时排除某个文件
-q 不显示压缩信息
压缩文件
[root@cs6 tmp]# cp /etc/services .
[root@cs6 tmp]# ll -h services
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 626K May 13 00:35 services
[root@cs6 tmp]# zip services.zip ./services #<==格式：zip 压缩包名 被压缩的文件。
adding: services (deflated 80%) #<==deflated压缩率。
[root@cs6 tmp]# ll -h services*
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 626K May 13 00:35 services
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 125K May 13 00:38 services.zip
压缩目录
[root@cs6 tmp]# cd /
[root@cs6 /]# zip tmp.zip ./tmp/
adding: tmp/ (stored 0%)
[root@cs6 /]# zip -r tmp.zip ./tmp/
updating: tmp/ (stored 0%)
adding: tmp/anaconda-ks.cfg (deflated 38%)
adding: tmp/install.log (deflated 71%)
adding: tmp/yum.log (stored 0%)
....
adding: tmp/html/6.html (stored 0%)
adding: tmp/html/10.html (stored 0%)
adding: tmp/html/1.html (stored 0%)
adding: tmp/html/8.html (stored 0%)
adding: tmp/services.zip (stored 0%)
adding: tmp/services (deflated 80%)
排除压缩
[root@cs6 /]# zip -r tmp.zip ./tmp/ -x tmp
tmp/ tmp.zip
[root@cs6 /]# zip -r tmp.zip ./tmp/ -x tmp/services.zip
updating: tmp/ (stored 0%)
updating: tmp/anaconda-ks.cfg (deflated 38%)
updating: tmp/install.log (deflated 71%)
updating: tmp/yum.log (stored 0%)
updating: tmp/.ICE-unix/ (stored 0%)
updating: tmp/lewen.log (deflated 50%)
......
updating: tmp/html/8.html (stored 0%)
updating: tmp/services (deflated 80%)
[root@cs6 /]#
unzip：解压zip文件
unzip命令可以解压zip命令或其他压缩软件压缩的zip格式的文件。
-l 不解压显示压缩包内容
-o 解压时不提示是否覆盖文件
-d 指定解压目录
-v 解压时显示详细信息
查看压缩文件。
[root@cs6 /]# unzip -l tmp.zip
Archive: tmp.zip
Length Date Time Name
--------- ---------- ----- ----
0 05-13-2019 00:38 tmp/
1092 05-05-2019 23:12 tmp/anaconda-ks.cfg
8081 05-05-2019 23:12 tmp/install.log
0 05-05-2019 23:10 tmp/yum.log
0 05-11-2019 17:56 tmp/.ICE-unix/
150 05-12-2019 22:54 tmp/lewen.log
3384 05-05-2019 23:11 tmp/install.log.syslog
9068168 05-12-2019 18:46 tmp/etc.tar.gz
0 05-12-2019 18:19 tmp/html/
......
0 05-12-2019 18:19 tmp/html/6.html
0 05-12-2019 18:19 tmp/html/10.html
0 05-12-2019 18:19 tmp/html/1.html
0 05-12-2019 18:19 tmp/html/8.html
127362 05-13-2019 00:38 tmp/services.zip
641020 05-13-2019 00:35 tmp/services
--------- -------
9849257 23 files
常规解压文件的例子
[root@cs6 /]# unzip tmp.zip
Archive: tmp.zip
replace tmp/anaconda-ks.cfg? [y]es, [n]o, [A]ll, [N]one, [r]ename: y
inflating: tmp/anaconda-ks.cfg
replace tmp/install.log? [y]es, [n]o, [A]ll, [N]one, [r]ename: y
inflating: tmp/install.log
replace tmp/yum.log? [y]es, [n]o, [A]ll, [N]one, [r]ename: y
[root@cs6 /]# unzip -v tmp.zip #<==解压时显示一些信息。
Archive: tmp.zip
Length Method Size Cmpr Date Time CRC-32 Name
-------- ------ ------- ---- ---------- ----- -------- ----
0 Stored 0 0% 05-13-2019 00:38 00000000 tmp/
1092 Defl:N 679 38% 05-05-2019 23:12 0cd9b8ec tmp/anaconda-ks.cfg
8081 Defl:N 2366 71% 05-05-2019 23:12 2254ab8c tmp/install.log
150 Defl:N 75 50% 05-12-2019 22:54 6195ad09 tmp/lewen.log
3384 Defl:N 569 83% 05-05-2019 23:11 0c331784 tmp/install.log.syslog
9068168 Defl:N 7955263 12% 05-12-2019 18:46 da37147b tmp/etc.tar.gz
......
0 Stored 0 0% 05-12-2019 18:19 00000000 tmp/html/8.html
127362 Stored 127362 0% 05-13-2019 00:38 859b286f tmp/services.zip
641020 Defl:N 127196 80% 05-13-2019 00:35 33bd3343 tmp/services
-------- ------- --- -------
9849257 8213510 17% 23 files
[root@cs6 /]# unzip -o tmp.zip #<==解压时不提示是否覆盖。
Archive: tmp.zip
inflating: tmp/anaconda-ks.cfg
inflating: tmp/install.log
inflating: tmp/install.log.syslog
inflating: tmp/etc.tar.gz
.....
extracting: tmp/html/1.html
extracting: tmp/html/8.html
extracting: tmp/services.zip
inflating: tmp/services
指定解压目录解压文件
[root@cs6 /]# unzip -d /tmp tmp.zip #<==可以使用-d选项接目录来指定解压目录
Archive: tmp.zip
creating: /tmp/tmp/
inflating: /tmp/tmp/anaconda-ks.cfg
inflating: /tmp/tmp/install.log
extracting: /tmp/tmp/yum.log
creating: /tmp/tmp/.ICE-unix/
....
extracting: /tmp/tmp/html/1.html
extracting: /tmp/tmp/html/8.html
extracting: /tmp/tmp/services.zip
inflating: /tmp/tmp/services
[root@cs6 /]# tree /tmp
/tmp
├── anaconda-ks.cfg
├── etc.tar.gz
├── html
│ ├── 10.html
│ ├── 1.html
│ ├── 2.html
│ ├── 3.html
│ ├── 4.html
│ ├── 5.html
│ ├── 6.html
....
│ ├── services
│ ├── services.zip
│ └── yum.log
└── yum.log
7 directories, 36 files