springMVC+jpa配置之简单案例

2022-11-24 22:23:37

　　搭建springMVC+jpa的亲身经历，看着网上的博客，自己摸索着搭建框架结果错误一大堆。现在把流程走一遍，方便以后查看。

　　其中我遇到这样的一个问题：直接启动tomcat运行保存实体能通过，但是通过单元测试就报一下错误：

　　　　Caused by: javax.validation.ValidationException: Unable to instantiate Configuration.

解决方法：

　　　　在persistence.xml中添加这个<property name="javax.persistence.validation.mode" value="none" /> 还是不行，然后百度了下，

　　　　myeclipse 安装目录下找到 EE_6这个目录把bean-validator.jar去掉了结果成功了。

　但是我还是想不通，为啥删除那个就行了，而启动tomcat就不会，为啥tomcat会忽略这个问题。看到的大神还请指教。以下是行的通的，如有问题还请指教。（http://www.cnblogs.com/yuanfy008/p/4156287.html）

第一步：准备相对应的jar包,其实我也不知道具体要用哪些包（这点需要我去学习的），先弄个大概的然后根据出现的错误一个一个的添加。

　　第二步：配置web.xml

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

 <web-app version="3.0"

     xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"

     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

     xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee

     http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">

   <display-name></display-name>

     <welcome-file-list>

         <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>

       </welcome-file-list>

       <!-- spring事物配置 -->

        <context-param>

         <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

         <param-value>classpath*:spring-*.xml</param-value>

       </context-param>

       <listener>

         <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>

       </listener>

       <!-- 全站编码过滤器 -->

       <filter>

         <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>

         <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>

         <init-param>

               <param-name>encoding</param-name>

              <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>

         </init-param>

         <init-param>

               <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>

               <param-value>true</param-value>

         </init-param>

       </filter>

       <filter-mapping>

             <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>

         <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>

       </filter-mapping>

       <!-- springMVC配置器 -->

       <servlet>

         <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>

         <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

         <init-param>

              <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

               <param-value>classpath*:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>

         </init-param>

         <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>

       </servlet>

       <servlet-mapping>

         <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>

         <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>

       </servlet-mapping>

 </web-app>

第三步：配置跟hibernate相关的xml文件 spring-orm.xml

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

     xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"

     xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"

     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd

         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd

         http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx

         http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd

         http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop

         http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd">

     <!-- 配置数据源  此段没用放到了persistence.xml-->

     <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">

         <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>

         <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?characterEncoding=UTF-8"/>

         <property name="username" value="root"/>

         <property name="password" value="root"/>

     </bean>

     <!-- 配置EntityManagerFactory -->

     <bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">

         <property name="persistenceUnitName" value="test" />

         <property name="persistenceXmlLocation" value="classpath:META-INF/persistence.xml"></property>

     </bean>

     <!-- 配置jpa的事务管理器 -->

     <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">

         <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory"></property>

     </bean>

     <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />

 </beans>

第四步：配置jpa的配置文件 persistence.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<persistence version="2.0"

    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xsi:schemaLocation="

        http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence

        http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_0.xsd">

    <persistence-unit name="test" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">

         <provider>org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence</provider>

        <properties>

            <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />

            <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test" />

            <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="root" />

            <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value="root" />

            <property name="hibernate.show_sql" value="true" />

            <property name="hibernate.format_sql" value="false" />

            <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update" />

            <property name="javax.persistence.validation.mode" value="none" />

        </properties>

    </persistence-unit>

</persistence>

第五步：配置springMVC相关的配置文件，spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

 xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"

 xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"

 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

      http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd

      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd

      http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc

      http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">

    <!-- 引入注解类

        下面两个都可以注释

     -->

    <mvc:annotation-driven/>

    <!-- 文件上传配置 -->

    <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">

          <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8" />

          <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760000" />

          <property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960" />

    </bean>

    <!-- 静态资源访问配置 -->

    <mvc:resources location="/img/" mapping="/img/**"/>

    <mvc:resources location="/topui/" mapping="/topui/**"/>

    <!-- 视图解析器 -->

    <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">

        <property name="prefix" value="/"></property>

        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>

    </bean>

 </beans>

第六步：然后用一个总的文件囊括这个几个配置文件，单元测试的时候就少些很多这些配置文件。spring-sevlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

 xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"

 xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"

 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

      http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd

      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd

      http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc

      http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">

    <context:annotation-config />

    <!-- 注解扫描包 -->

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.bank.*"/>

    <import resource="spring-mvc.xml"/>

    <import resource="spring-orm.xml"/>

</beans>

相应的配置完了，然后我们写个实体类，进行单元测试。我们这就以用户user为例。

@Entity

public class User {

    @Id

    @GeneratedValue(generator = "uuidGenerator")

    @GenericGenerator(name = "uuidGenerator", strategy = "uuid")

    @Column(length = 32, nullable = false)

    private String userId;

    private String userName;

    public String getUserId() {

        return userId;

    }

    public void setUserId(String userId) {

        this.userId = userId;

    }

    public String getUserName() {

        return userName;

    }

    public void setUserName(String userName) {

        this.userName = userName;

    }

}

对应的dao层IUserDAO如下：

public interface IUserDAO {

    public void save(User user);

}

对应的UserDAO如下：

@Repository

public class UserDAO implements IUserDAO {

	@PersistenceContext(unitName="test")

	private EntityManager entityManager;

	@Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)

	@Override

	public void save(User user) {

		//System.out.println(entityManagerFactory);

		this.entityManager.persist(user);

		System.out.println("---"+user.getUserId());

	}

}

然后经典的单元测试来了，如下：

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)

@ContextConfiguration(locations={"classpath:spring-servlet.xml"})

@TransactionConfiguration(defaultRollback = false)

public class UserTest {

    @Resource

    private  IUserDAO userDAO ;

    @Before

    public void start(){

        System.out.println("测试开始---");

    }

    @After

    public void end(){

        System.out.println("测试over---");

    }

    @Test

    public void test1(){

        User user = new User();

        user.setUserName("test");

        userDAO.save(user);

        //System.out.println(userDAO);

    }

}

测试输出如下：

测试开始---
---2c92de9e4a340533014a340537290000
Hibernate: insert into User (userName, userId) values (?, ?)
测试over---

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