//依赖一个http模块，相当于java中的import，与C#中的using

var http = require('http');

//创建一个服务器对象

server = http.createServer(function (req, res) {

//设置请求成功时响应头部的MIME为纯文本

res.writeHeader(200, {"Content-Type": "text/plain"});

//向客户端输出字符

res.end("Hello World\n");

});

//让服务器监听本地8000端口开始运行

server.listen(8000,'127.0.0.1');

console.log("server is runing at 127.0.0.1:8000");

alias cnpm="npm --registry=https://registry.npm.taobao.org \

--cache=$HOME/.npm/.cache/cnpm \

--disturl=https://npm.taobao.org/dist \

--userconfig=$HOME/.cnpmrc"

# Or alias it in .bashrc or .zshrc

$ echo '\n#alias for cnpm\nalias cnpm="npm --registry=https://registry.npm.taobao.org \

  --cache=$HOME/.npm/.cache/cnpm \

  --disturl=https://npm.taobao.org/dist \

  --userconfig=$HOME/.cnpmrc"' >> ~/.zshrc && source ~/.zshrc

4.10.1、概述

{

  "name" : "xxx",

  "version" : "0.0.0",

}

{

    "name": "Hello World",

    "version": "0.0.1",

    "author": "张三",

    "description": "第一个node.js程序",

    "keywords":["node.js","javascript"],

    "repository": {

        "type": "git",

        "url": "https://path/to/url"

    },

    "license":"MIT",

    "engines": {"node": "0.10.x"},

    "bugs":{"url":"http://path/to/bug","email":"bug@example.com"},

    "contributors":[{"name":"李四","email":"lisi@example.com"}],

    "scripts": {

        "start": "node index.js"

    },

    "dependencies": {

        "express": "latest",

        "mongoose": "~3.8.3",

        "handlebars-runtime": "~1.0.12",

        "express3-handlebars": "~0.5.0",

        "MD5": "~1.2.0"

    },

    "devDependencies": {

        "bower": "~1.2.8",

        "grunt": "~0.4.1",

        "grunt-contrib-concat": "~0.3.0",

        "grunt-contrib-jshint": "~0.7.2",

        "grunt-contrib-uglify": "~0.2.7",

        "grunt-contrib-clean": "~0.5.0",

        "browserify": "2.36.1",

        "grunt-browserify": "~1.3.0",

    }

}

"scripts": {

    "preinstall": "echo here it comes!",

    "postinstall": "echo there it goes!",

    "start": "node index.js",

    "test": "tap test/*.js"

}

{

  "devDependencies": {

    "browserify": "~13.0.0",

    "karma-browserify": "~5.0.1"

  }

}

$ npm init

$ npm install

$ npm install express --save

$ npm install express --save-dev

{

  "name": "demo001",

  "version": "1.1.2",

  "description": "vueclidemo",

  "main": "index.js",

  "scripts": {

    "test": "echo \"Error: no test specified\" && exit 1",

    "start": "node index.js"

  },

  "keywords": [

    "vue",

    "vue-cli"

  ],

  "author": "zhangguo",

  "license": "MIT",

  "repository": {

    "type": "git",

    "url": "https://git.dev.tencent.com/zhangguo5/vuedemo001.git"

  },

  "dependencies": {

    "md5": "^2.2.1"

  },

  "devDependencies": {

    "lodash": "^4.17.15"

  }

}

var md5=require("md5");

var _=require("lodash");

function Cat(){

    console.log(md5("Hello Cat!"));

}

Cat();

var users = [

    { 'user': 'fred',   'age': 48 },

    { 'user': 'barney', 'age': 36 },

    { 'user': 'fred',   'age': 40 },

    { 'user': 'barney', 'age': 34 }

  ];

 var result=_.sortBy(users,['user','age']);

 console.log(result);

4.10.4、peerDependencies

{

  "name": "chai-as-promised",

  "peerDependencies": {

    "chai": "1.x"

  }

}

4.10.5、bin字段

"bin": {

  "someTool": "./bin/someTool.js"

}

scripts: {

  start: './node_modules/someTool/someTool.js build'

}

// 简写为

scripts: {

  start: 'someTool build'

}

4.10.6、main字段

4.10.7、config 字段

{

  "name" : "foo",

  "config" : { "port" : "8080" },

  "scripts" : { "start" : "node server.js" }

}

http

  .createServer(...)

  .listen(process.env.npm_package_config_port)

$ npm run start

$ npm config set foo:port 80

"browser": {

  "tipso": "./node_modules/tipso/src/tipso.js"

},

{ "engines" : { "node" : ">=0.10.3 <0.12" } }

{ "engines" : { "npm" : "~1.0.20" } }

"man" :[ "./doc/calc.1" ]

"style": [

  "./node_modules/tipso/src/tipso.css"

]

//引入express模块

var express = require('express');

//创建一个app对象，类似一个web 应用（网站）

var app = express();

//接受指定路径的请求，指定回调函数

app.get('/', function (req, res){

res.send('Hello World');

});

//创建一个web服务器，可以认为就是web服务器对象

//监听8081端口，当监听成功时回调

var server = app.listen(8081, function () {

   var host = server.address().address;  //地址

   var port = server.address().port;  //端口

    console.log("应用实例，访问地址为 http://%s:%s", host, port);

});

})

var express = require('express');

var path = require('path');

var favicon = require('serve-favicon');

var logger = require('morgan');

var cookieParser = require('cookie-parser');

var bodyParser = require('body-parser');

var index = require('./routes/index');

var users = require('./routes/users');

var app = express();

//指定视图引擎为ejs

app.set('views', path.join(__dirname, 'views'));

app.set('view engine', 'ejs');

// uncomment after placing your favicon in /public

//app.use(favicon(path.join(__dirname, 'public', 'favicon.ico')));

app.use(logger('dev'));

app.use(bodyParser.json());

app.use(bodyParser.urlencoded({ extended: false }));

app.use(cookieParser());

app.use(express.static(path.join(__dirname, 'public')));

app.use('/', index);

app.use('/users', users);

// catch 404 and forward to error handler

app.use(function(req, res, next) {

  var err = new Error('Not Found');

  err.status = 404;

  next(err);

});

// error handler

app.use(function(err, req, res, next) {

  // set locals, only providing error in development

  res.locals.message = err.message;

  res.locals.error = req.app.get('env') === 'development' ? err : {};

  // render the error page

  res.status(err.status || 500);

  res.render('error');

});

module.exports = app;

#!/usr/bin/env node

/**

 * 依赖模块，导入

 */

var app = require('../app');

var debug = require('debug')('nodejsexpress:server');

var http = require('http');

/**

 * 从上下文环境中获得监听端口，如果空则3000

 */

var port = normalizePort(process.env.PORT || '3000');

app.set('port', port);

/**

 * 创建Web服务器

 */

var server = http.createServer(app);

/**

 * 开始监听

 */

server.listen(port);

server.on('error', onError);  //指定发生错误时的事件

server.on('listening', onListening);  //当监听成功时的回调

/**

 * 规范化端口

 */

function normalizePort(val) {

  var port = parseInt(val, 10);

  if (isNaN(port)) {

    // named pipe

    return val;

  }

  if (port >= 0) {

    // port number

    return port;

  }

  return false;

}

/**

 *错误事件监听

 */

function onError(error) {

  if (error.syscall !== 'listen') {

    throw error;

  }

  var bind = typeof port === 'string'

    ? 'Pipe ' + port

    : 'Port ' + port;

  //错误处理

  switch (error.code) {

    case 'EACCES':

      console.error(bind + ' requires elevated privileges');

      process.exit(1);  //结束程序

      break;

    case 'EADDRINUSE':

      console.error(bind + ' is already in use');

      process.exit(1);

      break;

    default:

      throw error;

  }

}

/**

 * 当用户访问服务器成功时的回调

 */

function onListening() {

  var addr = server.address();

  var bind = typeof addr === 'string'

    ? 'pipe ' + addr

    : 'port ' + addr.port;

  debug('Listening on ' + bind);

}

var express = require('express');

var router = express.Router();

/* 获得首页 */

router.get('/', function(req, res, next) {

  res.render('index', { title: 'Express' });

});

module.exports = router;

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

  <head>

    <title><%= title %></title>

    <link rel='stylesheet' href='/stylesheets/style.css' />

  </head>

  <body>

    <h1><%= title %></h1>

    <p>Welcome to <%= title %></p>

  </body>

</html>

req.app：当callback为外部文件时，用req.app访问express的实例

req.baseUrl：获取路由当前安装的URL路径

req.body / req.cookies：获得「请求主体」/ Cookies

req.fresh / req.stale：判断请求是否还「新鲜」

req.hostname / req.ip：获取主机名和IP地址

req.originalUrl：获取原始请求URL

req.params：获取路由的parameters

req.path：获取请求路径

req.protocol：获取协议类型

req.query：获取URL的查询参数串

req.route：获取当前匹配的路由

req.subdomains：获取子域名

req.accepts()：检查可接受的请求的文档类型

req.acceptsCharsets / req.acceptsEncodings / req.acceptsLanguages：返回指定字符集的第一个可接受字符编码

req.get()：获取指定的HTTP请求头

req.is()：判断请求头Content-Type的MIME类型

res.app：同req.app一样

res.append()：追加指定HTTP头

res.set()在res.append()后将重置之前设置的头

res.cookie(name，value [，option])：设置Cookie

opition: domain / expires / httpOnly / maxAge / path / secure / signed

res.clearCookie()：清除Cookie

res.download()：传送指定路径的文件

res.get()：返回指定的HTTP头

res.json()：传送JSON响应

res.jsonp()：传送JSONP响应

res.location()：只设置响应的Location HTTP头，不设置状态码或者close response

res.redirect()：设置响应的Location HTTP头，并且设置状态码302

res.render(view,[locals],callback)：渲染一个view，同时向callback传递渲染后的字符串，如果在渲染过程中有错误发生next(err)将会被自动调用。callback将会被传入一个可能发生的错误以及渲染后的页面，这样就不会自动输出了。

res.send()：传送HTTP响应

res.sendFile(path [，options] [，fn])：传送指定路径的文件 -会自动根据文件extension设定Content-Type

res.set()：设置HTTP头，传入object可以一次设置多个头

res.status()：设置HTTP状态码

res.type()：设置Content-Type的MIME类型

var num = req.query.num;

res.send("你获取的get数据为:" + num); 

npm install body-parser --save

var express = require('express');

var app = express();

//引入body-parser

var bodyParser = require('body-parser');

app.use(express.static('public'));

//需要use的

app.use(bodyParser.json()); // for parsing application/json

app.use(bodyParser.urlencoded({

extended: true

})); // for parsing application/x-www-form-urlencoded

//获取数据

app.post('/form', function(req, res) {

var num = req.body.num;

res.send("你获取的post数据为:" + num);

});

//设置监听端口

app.listen(3000);

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

<meta charset="UTF-8">

<title>Document</title>

<script src="http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/jquery/2.1.4/jquery.min.js"></script>

</head>

<body>

<div id="box"></div>

<form action="/form" method="post">

<input type="text" name="num" value="tinyphp">

<input type="submit" value="提交">

</form>

</body>

</html>

var express = require('express');

var app = express();

//获取数据

app.get('/form/:num', function(req, res) {

var num = req.params.num;

res.send("你获取到form/后的参数:" + num);

});

//设置监听端口

app.listen(3000);

var express = require('express');

var router = express.Router();

/* 产品 */

router.get('/', function(req, res, next) {

  var products=[];

  products.push({name:"ZTE U880",price:899.8});

  products.push({name:"HuWei 荣耀8",price:1899.8});

  products.push({name:"iPhone 7 Plus 128G",price:5899.8});

  //将product视图与指定的对象渲染后输出到客户端

  res.render('product', { title: '天狗商城', pdts:products});

});

module.exports = router;

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

    <head>

        <title>

            <%= title %>

        </title>

        <link rel='stylesheet' href='/stylesheets/style.css' />

    </head>

    <body>

        <h1><%= title %> - 产品列表</h1>

        <table border="1" width="80%">

            <tr>

                <th>序号</th>

                <th>名称</th>

                <th>价格</th>

            </tr>

            <%pdts.forEach(function(pdt,index){%>

            <tr>

                <td>

                    <%=index+1%>

                </td>

                <td>

                    <%=pdt.name%>

                </td>

                <td>

                    <%=pdt.price%>

                </td>

            </tr>

            <%});%>

        </table>

        <ul>

            <% for(var i=0; i<pdts.length; i++) {%>

            <li>

                <%=pdts[i].name%>

            </li>

            <% } %>

    </body>

</html>

var index = require('./routes/index');

var users = require('./routes/users');

var pdts = require('./routes/product');

var app = express();

//指定视图引擎为ejs

app.set('views', path.join(__dirname, 'views'));

app.set('view engine', 'ejs');

// uncomment after placing your favicon in /public

//app.use(favicon(path.join(__dirname, 'public', 'favicon.ico')));

app.use(logger('dev'));

app.use(bodyParser.json());

app.use(bodyParser.urlencoded({ extended: false }));

app.use(cookieParser());

app.use(express.static(path.join(__dirname, 'public')));

app.use('/', index);

app.use('/users', users);

app.use('/pdt', pdts);

//导入lodash模块

var _= require('lodash');

var products=[];

products.push({name:"ZTE U880",price:899.8});

products.push({name:"HuWei 荣耀8",price:1899.8});

products.push({name:"iPhone 7 Plus 128G",price:5899.8});

//1、取出第一个元素

var obj1=_.first(products);

console.log(obj1.name);  //ZTE U880

//2、取出最后一个元素

var obj2=_.last(products);

console.log(obj2.name);  //iPhone 7 Plus 128G

//3、指定查找条件返回符合条件的索引

var obj3=_.findIndex(products,function(obj){

    return obj.price>=1000&&obj.name.indexOf("7")>0;

});

console.log(obj3);  //

//4、指定查找条件返回查找到的对象

var obj4=_.find(products,function(obj){

    return obj.price>=1000&&obj.name.indexOf("7")>0;

});

console.log(obj4);  //{ name: 'iPhone 7 Plus 128G', price: 5899.8 }

//5、排序

var obj5=_.orderBy(products,["price","name"],["desc","asc"]);

console.log(obj5); 

//[ { name: 'iPhone 7 Plus 128G', price: 5899.8 },

//{ name: 'HuWei 荣耀8', price: 1899.8 },

//{ name: 'ZTE U880', price: 899.8 } ]

//6、查找价格为1899.8的产品的key

var obj6=_.findKey(products,{price:1899.8});

console.log(obj6);   //

//获得产品根据Id

router.get('/:id/:category',function(request,res,next){

    res.send(request.params.id+","+request.params.category);

});

router.get('/:id',function(request,res,next){

    res.send("name:"+request.query.name);

});

router.post('/add',function(request,res,next){

    var entity={name:request.body.name,price:request.body.price};

    products.push(entity);

      //将product视图与指定的对象渲染后输出到客户端

      res.render('product', { title: '天狗商城', pdts:products,msg:"添加成功"});

});

            //对象

            var rose={"name":"Rose","weight":"65"};

            //序列化成字符串

            var str=JSON.stringify(rose);

            alert(str);

            //将字符串转换成JavaScript对象

            var markStr='{"name":"mark","weight":"188"}';

            var mark=JSON.parse(markStr);

            alert(mark.name+"，"+mark.weight);

/* 产品 */

router.get('/rest', function(req, res, next) {

  res.json(products);

});

var express = require('express');

var router = express.Router();

var _= require('lodash');

var cars=[];

cars.push({id:201701,name:"BMW",price:190,speed:"210km/h",color:"白色"});

cars.push({id:201702,name:"BYD",price:25,speed:"160km/h",color:"红色"});

cars.push({id:201703,name:"Benz",price:300,speed:"215km/h",color:"蓝色"});

cars.push({id:201704,name:"Honda",price:190,speed:"170km/h",color:"黑色"});

cars.push({id:201705,name:"QQ",price:130,speed:"210km/h",color:"白色"});

/* Get */

/*获得所有汽车*/

/*url /cars/*/

router.get('/', function(req, res, next) {

    res.json(cars);

});

/*Get*/

/*获得汽车通过id*/

/*url：/cars/:id  */

router.get('/:id', function(req, res, next) {

     //从路径中映射参数，转换成数字

      var id=parseInt(req.params.id);

      var car=_.find(cars,{id:id});

      res.json(car);

});

/*Post*/

/*添加汽车*/

/*url：/cars/car  */

router.post('/car', function(req, res, next) {

      var car=req.body;  //从请求正文中获得json对象

      car.id=_.last(cars).id+1;  //将编号修改为最后一辆车的编号+1

      cars.push(car);  //将汽车对象添加到集合中

      res.json(car);  //将添加成功的车以json的形式返回

});

/*Put*/

/*修改汽车*/

/*url：/cars/car  */

router.put('/car', function(req, res, next) {

      var car=req.body;  //从请求正文中获得json对象

      console.log(req.body);

      var index=_.findIndex(cars,{id:parseInt(car.id)});  //根据id获得车在集合中的下标

      cars[index]=car;  //替换原对象

      //res.json(car);  //将修改后的车以json的形式返回

      res.send({status:"success", message:"更新成功!"});

});

/*Delete*/

/*删除汽车*/

/*url：/cars/:id  */

router.delete('/id/:id', function(req, res, next) {

      //获得url中的编号参数

      var id=parseInt(req.params.id);

      var index=_.findIndex(cars,{id:id});  //根据id获得车在集合中的下标

      cars.splice(index,1);   //在cars数组中删除下标从index开始的1条数据

      res.send({status:"success", message:"删除成功!"});

});

module.exports = router;

var express = require('express');

var path = require('path');

var favicon = require('serve-favicon');

var logger = require('morgan');

var cookieParser = require('cookie-parser');

var bodyParser = require('body-parser');

var index = require('./routes/index');

var users = require('./routes/users');

var pdts = require('./routes/product');

var task = require('./routes/task');

var cars = require('./routes/cars');

var app = express();

//指定视图引擎为ejs

app.set('views', path.join(__dirname, 'views'));

app.set('view engine', 'ejs');

// uncomment after placing your favicon in /public

//app.use(favicon(path.join(__dirname, 'public', 'favicon.ico')));

app.use(logger('dev'));

app.use(bodyParser.json());

app.use(bodyParser.urlencoded({ extended: false }));

app.use(cookieParser());

app.use(express.static(path.join(__dirname, 'public')));

app.use('/', index);

app.use('/users', users);

app.use('/pdt', pdts);

app.use("/task",task);

app.use("/cars",cars);

// catch 404 and forward to error handler

app.use(function(req, res, next) {

  var err = new Error('Not Found');

  err.status = 404;

  next(err);

});

// error handler

app.use(function(err, req, res, next) {

  // set locals, only providing error in development

  res.locals.message = err.message;

  res.locals.error = req.app.get('env') === 'development' ? err : {};

  // render the error page

  res.status(err.status || 500);

  res.render('error');

});

module.exports = app;

app.use(logger('dev'));

app.use(bodyParser.json());

app.use(bodyParser.urlencoded({ extended: false }));

app.use(cookieParser());

app.use(express.static(path.join(__dirname, 'public')));

app.all('*', function(req, res, next) {

    res.header("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*");

    res.header("Access-Control-Allow-Headers", "content-type");

    res.header("Access-Control-Allow-Methods", "PUT,POST,GET,DELETE,OPTIONS");

    res.header("X-Powered-By", ' 3.2.1');

    res.header("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=utf-8");

    if(req.method == "OPTIONS") {

        res.send("200");

    } else {

        next();

    }

});