分布式存储Ceph的几种安装方法,源码,apt-get,deploy工具,Ubuntu CentOS

最近搞了下分布式PB级别的存储CEPH 
尝试了几种不同的安装,使用
期间遇到很多问题,和大家一起分享。
一、源码安装
说明:源码安装可以了解到系统各个组件, 但是安装过程也是很费劲的,主要是依赖包太多。 当时尝试了centos 和 ubuntu 上安装,都是可以安装好的。

1下载ceph   
http://ceph.com/download/


2 安装编译工具apt-get install automake autoconf automake libtool make

3 解压
#tar zxvf  
ceph-0.72.tar.gz 


#cd  
ceph-0.72.tar.gz 


#./autogen.sh

4、

先安装依赖包

#apt-get install autotools-dev autoconf automake cdbs g++ gcc git libatomic-ops-dev libboost-dev \
libcrypto++-dev libcrypto++ libedit-dev libexpat1-dev libfcgi-dev libfuse-dev \
libgoogle-perftools-dev libgtkmm-2.4-dev libtool pkg-config uuid-dev libkeyutils-dev \
uuid-dev libkeyutils-dev  btrfs-tools

4 可能遇到错误

4.1 fuse:
apt-get install fuse-devel

4.2 tcmalloc:
wget 
https://gperftools.googlecode.com/files/gperftools-2.1.zip
安装google-perftools

4.3 libedit:
 
apt-get 
install 
libedit
-devel

4.4 no libatomic-ops found
apt-get 
install libatomic_ops-devel

4.5 snappy:

4.6 libleveldb not found:
make
 cp libleveldb.* /usr/lib
cp -r include/leveldb   /usr/local/include

4.7 libaio
apt-get install libaio-dev

4.8 boost
apt-get install libboost-dev
apt-get install libboost-thread-dev
apt-get install 
libboost-program-options-dev

4.9 g++
apt-get install g++
 

5 编译安装

#./configure –prefix=/opt/ceph/


#make


#make install




二、使用ubuntn 12.04自带的ceph 版本可能是ceph version 0.41

资源:

两台机器:一台server,一台client,安装ubuntu12.04

其中,server安装时,另外分出两个区,作为osd0、osd1的存储,没有的话,系统安装好后,使用loop设备虚拟出两个也可以。


1
、服务端安装
CEPH  (MON

MDS

OSD)
apt-cache search ceph
apt-get install ceph
apt-get install ceph-common

2、添加key到APT中,更新sources.list,安装ceph

wget -q -O- 'https://ceph.com/git/?p=ceph.git;a=blob_plain;f=keys/release.asc' | sudo apt-key add -

echo deb http://ceph.com/debian/ $(lsb_release -sc) main | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ceph.list

apt-get update && sudo apt-get install ceph


3、查看版本

# ceph-v  //将显示ceph的版本和key信息

如果没有显示,请执行如下命令

# sudo apt-get update && apt-get upgrade


4、配置文件
# vim /etc/ceph/ceph.conf

[global] 
 
    # For version 0.55 and beyond, you must explicitly enable  
    # or disable authentication with "auth" entries in [global]. 
     
    auth cluster required = none 
    auth service required = none 
    auth client required = none 
 
[osd] 
    osd journal size = 1000 
     
    #The following assumes ext4 filesystem. 
    filestore xattr use omap = true 
 
 
    # For Bobtail (v 0.56) and subsequent versions, you may  
    # add settings for mkcephfs so that it will create and mount 
    # the file system on a particular OSD for you. Remove the comment `#`  
    # character for the following settings and replace the values  
    # in braces with appropriate values, or leave the following settings  
    # commented out to accept the default values. You must specify the  
    # --mkfs option with mkcephfs in order for the deployment script to  
    # utilize the following settings, and you must define the 'devs' 
    # option for each osd instance; see below. 
 
    osd mkfs type = xfs 
    osd mkfs options xfs = -f   # default for xfs is "-f"    
    osd mount options xfs = rw,noatime # default mount option is "rw,noatime" 
 
    # For example, for ext4, the mount option might look like this: 
     
    #osd mkfs options ext4 = user_xattr,rw,noatime 
 
    # Execute $ hostname to retrieve the name of your host, 
    # and replace {hostname} with the name of your host. 
    # For the monitor, replace {ip-address} with the IP 
    # address of your host. 
 
[mon.a] 
 
    host = ceph1 
    mon addr = 192.168.1.1:6789 
 
[osd.0] 
    host = ceph1 
     
    # For Bobtail (v 0.56) and subsequent versions, you may  
    # add settings for mkcephfs so that it will create and mount 
    # the file system on a particular OSD for you. Remove the comment `#`  
    # character for the following setting for each OSD and specify  
    # a path to the device if you use mkcephfs with the --mkfs option. 
     
    devs = /dev/sdb1 
 
[mds.a] 
    host = ceph1 

5、执行初始化

sudo mkcephfs -a -c /etc/ceph/ceph.conf -k /etc/ceph/ceph.keyring

注意每次初始化 需要 删除原有 数据 目录

rm –rf /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-0/*

rm –rf /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-1/*

rm –rf /var/lib/ceph/mon/ceph-a/*

rm –rf /var/lib/ceph/mds/ceph-a/*

mkdir -p /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-0

mkdir -p /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-1

mkdir -p /var/lib/ceph/mon/ceph-a

mkdir -p /var/lib/ceph/mds/ceph-a

6、启动

service ceph -a start

7、执行健康检查

ceph health

8、磁盘用 ext4 出现 mount 5 错误

后来用

mkfs.xfs  -f /dev/sda7

就 好了。

9、在客户端上操作:

sudo mkdir /mnt/mycephfs

sudo mount -t ceph {ip-address-of-monitor}:6789:/ /mnt/mycephfs

三、ceph-deploy安装

1、下载

https://github.com/ceph/ceph-deploy/archive/master.zip

2、

apt-get install python-virtualenv

./bootstrap

3、

ceph-deploy install ubuntu1

4、

ceph-deploy new ubuntu1

5、

ceph-deploy mon create ubuntu1

6、

ceph-deploy gatherkeys

遇错提示没有keyring则执行:

ceph-deploy forgetkeys

会生成

{cluster-name}.client.admin.keyring

{cluster-name}.bootstrap-osd.keyring

{cluster-name}.bootstrap-mds.keyring

7、

ceph-deploy osd create ubuntu1:/dev/sdb1 (磁盘路径)

可能遇到错:

1、磁盘已经挂载,用umount

2、磁盘格式化问题,用fdisk分区, mkfs.xfs -f /dev/sdb1 格式化

8、

ceph -s

可能遇到错误:

提示没有osd

health HEALTH_ERR 192 pgs stuck inactive; 192 pgs stuck unclean; no osds

则执行ceph osd create

9、

cluster faf5e4ae-65ff-4c95-ad86-f1b7cbff8c9a

health HEALTH_WARN 192 pgs degraded; 192 pgs stuck unclean

monmap e1: 1 mons at {ubuntu1=12.0.0.115:6789/0}, election epoch 1, quorum 0 ubuntu1

osdmap e10: 3 osds: 1 up, 1 in

pgmap v17: 192 pgs, 3 pools, 0 bytes data, 0 objects

1058 MB used, 7122 MB / 8181 MB avail

192 active+degraded

10、客户端挂摘

注意:需要用用户名及密码挂载

10.1查看密码

cat /etc/ceph/ceph.client.admin.keyring

ceph-authtool --print-key ceph.client.admin.keyring

AQDNE4xSyN1WIRAApD1H/glMB5VSLwmmnt7UDw==

10.2挂载

其他:

1、多台机器之间要添加ssh 无密码认证 ssh-keygen

2、最好有单独的磁盘分区做存储,格式化也有几种不同方式

3、总会遇到各种错误。 只能单独分析,解决

ceph-deploy forgetkeys
参考资料:

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