1.将方法调用同方法主体关联起来被称为
2.编译期绑定(静态)是在程序编译阶段就确定了引用对象的类型
3.运行期绑定(动态绑定)是指在执行期间判断所引用对象的实际类型,根据其实际的类型调用其相应的方法
4.除了static方法和final方法(private方法属于final方法),其他所有方法都是后期绑定,Java中所有的方法都是通过动态绑定来实现多态
5.访问某个域的行为不具有多态性
package polymorphism; class SuperField {
public int field = 1; public int getField() {
return field;
}
} class SubField extends SuperField {
public int field = 2; public int getField() {
return field;
} public int getSuperField() {
return super.field;
}
} public class FieldPolymorphism { public static void main(String[] args) {
SuperField sup = new SubField();
System.out.println("sup.field = " + sup.field + ", sup.getField() = " + sup.getField());
SubField sub = new SubField();
System.out.println("sub.field = " + sub.field + ", sub.getField() = " + sub.getField() +
", sub.getSuperField() = " + sub.getSuperField());
} }
输出结果:
sup.field = 1, sup.getField() = 2
sub.field = 2, sub.getField() = 2, sub.getSuperField() = 1
当SubField对象转型为Super引用时,任何域访问操作都将由编译器解析,因此不是多态的,SubField实际包含两个称为field的域:自己的和从SuperField处继承来的
通常将域设置成private,不能直接访问,也不能被继承,通过调用方法来访问
6.访问某个静态方法不具有多态性,不与单个对象相关联
package polymorphism; class Super { public static String staticMethod() {
return "Super staticMethod()";
}
} class Sub extends Super {
public static String staticMethod() {
return "Sub staticMethod()";
}
} public class StaticPolymorphism { public static void main(String[] args) {
Super sup = new Sub();
System.out.println(sup.staticMethod());
System.out.println(Sub.staticMethod());
} }
输出结果:
Super staticMethod()
Sub staticMethod()