blfs（systemd版本）学习笔记-安装、配置和使用wpa_supplicant无线网络连接工具

2022-11-12 11:20:33

wireless项目地址：http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/view/stable-systemd/basicnet/wireless_tools.html

wpa_supplicant项目地址：http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/view/stable-systemd/basicnet/wpa_supplicant.html

1.使用wget下载wireless包和补丁并校验md5

wget https://hewlettpackard.github.io/wireless-tools/wireless_tools.29.tar.gz

wget  http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/patches/blfs/8.3/wireless_tools-29-fix_iwlist_scanning-1.patch

md5sum -c md5sums

2.解压wireless包并进入包目录

tar -xvf wireless_tools.29.tar.gz

cd wireless_tools.29

3.参照书中说明编译安装

patch -Np1 -i ../wireless_tools-29-fix_iwlist_scanning-1.patch

make -j8

make PREFIX=/usr INSTALL_MAN=/usr/share/man install

4.返回blfs-sources目录并删除解压的包目录

cd $LFS/sources/blfs-sources

rm -rf wireless_tools

5.下载wpa包的依赖libnl包和补丁包并验证md5

wget http://mirror.fileplanet.com/lfs/pub/blfs/8.3/l/libnl-3.4.0.tar.gz

wget http://mirror.fileplanet.com/lfs/pub/blfs/8.3/l/libnl-doc-3.4.0.tar.gz

md5sum -c md5sums

6.解压并进入libnl包目录

tar -xvf libnl-3.4.0.tar.gz

cd libnl-3.4.0

7.参照书中内容编译安装

./configure --prefix=/usr     \

            --sysconfdir=/etc \

            --disable-static  &&

make -j8

make -j8 check

make install

mkdir -vp /usr/share/doc/libnl-3.4.0 &&

tar -xf ../libnl-doc-3.4.0.tar.gz --strip-components=1 --no-same-owner \

    -C  /usr/share/doc/libnl-3.4.0

8.返回blfs-sources目录并删除解压的包目录

cd $LFS/sources/blfs-sources

rm -rf libnl-3.4.0

9.下载pciutils并校验md5

wget https://mirrors.edge.kernel.org/pub/software/utils/pciutils/pciutils-3.6.2.tar.xz

md5sum  -c md5sums

10.解压并进入pciutils包目录

tar -xvf pciutils-3.6.2.tar.xz

cd pciutils-3.6.2

11.参照书中说明编译安装

make PREFIX=/usr                \

     SHAREDIR=/usr/share/hwdata \

     SHARED=yes

make PREFIX=/usr                \

     SHAREDIR=/usr/share/hwdata \

     SHARED=yes                 \

     install install-lib        &&

chmod -v 755 /usr/lib/libpci.so

12.返回blfs-sources目录并删除解压的包目录

cd $LFS/sources/blfs-sources

rm -rf pciutils-3.6.2

13.配置pci自动更新服务脚本

cat > /lib/systemd/system/update-pciids.service << "EOF" &&

[Unit]

Description=Update pci.ids file

Documentation=man:update-pciids()

DefaultDependencies=no

After=local-fs.target

Before=shutdown.target

[Service]

Type=oneshot

RemainAfterExit=yes

ExecStart=/usr/sbin/update-pciids

EOF

cat > /lib/systemd/system/update-pciids.timer << "EOF" &&

[Unit]

Description=Update pci.ids file weekly

[Timer]

OnCalendar=Sun ::

Persistent=true

[Install]

WantedBy=timers.target

EOF

systemctl enable update-pciids.timer

14.运行命令查看无线网络设备硬件的名字

lspci

15.解压在编译lfs过程中用过的linux内核包，进入linux内核包按照lfs的linux内核编译方法编译内核添加以下配置

[*] Networking support  --->                              [CONFIG_NET]

  [*] Wireless  --->                                      [CONFIG_WIRELESS]

    <*/M> cfg80211 - wireless configuration API           [CONFIG_CFG80211]

    [*]     cfg80211 wireless extensions compatibility    [CONFIG_CFG80211_WEXT]

    <*/M> Generic IEEE 802.11 Networking Stack (mac80211) [CONFIG_MAC80211]

Device Drivers  --->

  [*] Network device support  --->                        [CONFIG_NETDEVICES]

    [*] Wireless LAN  --->                                [CONFIG_WLAN]
<*/M>一定要在所选择的项目上面打上m
我的机器是intel7625的无线网卡设备，wireless LAN下没有这个型号，查询其它linux发行版给无线网卡加载的是哪个模块，所以选择了iwlwifi的两个模块
Device Drivers  --->

        [*] Network device support  --->

        --- Network device support

        [*]   Wireless LAN  --->

            --- Wireless LAN

            [ ]   ADMtek devices

            [ ]   Atheros/Qualcomm devices

            [ ]   Atmel devices

            [ ]   Broadcom devices

            [ ]   Cisco devices

            [*]   Intel devices

            < >     Intel PRO/Wireless 2100 Network Connection

            < >     Intel PRO/Wireless 2200BG and 2915ABG Network Connection

            < >     Intel Wireless WiFi 4965AGN (iwl4965)

            < >     Intel PRO/Wireless 3945ABG/BG Network Connection (iwl3945)

            <M>     Intel Wireless WiFi Next Gen AGN - Wireless-N/Advanced-N/Ultimate-N (iwlwifi)

            <M>       Intel Wireless WiFi DVM Firmware support

            <M>       Intel Wireless WiFi MVM Firmware support

            [ ]       Enable broadcast filtering (NEW)

            [ ]       Enable runtime power management mode for PCIe devices (NEW)

                      Debugging Options  --->

            [ ]   Intersil devices

            [ ]   Marvell devices

            [ ]   MediaTek devices

            [ ]   Ralink devices

            [ ]   Realtek devices

            [ ]   Redpine Signals Inc devices

            [ ]   STMicroelectronics devices

            [ ]   Texas Instrument devices

            [ ]   ZyDAS devices

            < >   Simulated radio testing tool for mac80211

            < >   Wireless RNDIS USB support

16.去lfs的固件网站下载所对应的iwlwifi-7265D-22到29区间的固件到/lib/firmware/目录下

cd /lib/firmware/

wget http://anduin.linuxfromscratch.org/BLFS/linux-firmware/iwlwifi-7265D-29.ucode

17.下载wpa包和补丁并校验md5

wget https://w1.fi/releases/wpa_supplicant-2.6.tar.gz

wget http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/patches/blfs/8.3/wpa_supplicant-2.6-upstream_fixes-2.patch

md5sum  -c md5sums

18.解压并进入wpa包目录

tar -xvf wpa_supplicant-2.6.tar.gz

cd wpa_supplicant-2.6

19.参照书中内容编译安装

cat > wpa_supplicant/.config << "EOF"

CONFIG_BACKEND=file

CONFIG_CTRL_IFACE=y

CONFIG_DEBUG_FILE=y

CONFIG_DEBUG_SYSLOG=y

CONFIG_DEBUG_SYSLOG_FACILITY=LOG_DAEMON

CONFIG_DRIVER_NL80211=y

CONFIG_DRIVER_WEXT=y

CONFIG_DRIVER_WIRED=y

CONFIG_EAP_GTC=y

CONFIG_EAP_LEAP=y

CONFIG_EAP_MD5=y

CONFIG_EAP_MSCHAPV2=y

CONFIG_EAP_OTP=y

CONFIG_EAP_PEAP=y

CONFIG_EAP_TLS=y

CONFIG_EAP_TTLS=y

CONFIG_IEEE8021X_EAPOL=y

CONFIG_IPV6=y

CONFIG_LIBNL32=y

CONFIG_PEERKEY=y

CONFIG_PKCS12=y

CONFIG_READLINE=y

CONFIG_SMARTCARD=y

CONFIG_WPS=y

CFLAGS += -I/usr/include/libnl3

EOF
patch -p1 -i ../wpa_supplicant-2.6-upstream_fixes-2.patch &&

cd wpa_supplicant                                         &&

make BINDIR=/sbin LIBDIR=/lib
install -v -m755 wpa_{cli,passphrase,supplicant} /sbin/ &&

install -v -m644 doc/docbook/wpa_supplicant.conf.5 /usr/share/man/man5/ &&

install -v -m644 doc/docbook/wpa_{cli,passphrase,supplicant}.8 /usr/share/man/man8/

20.安装systemd支持

install -v -m644 systemd/*.service /lib/systemd/system/

21.安装dbus支持

install -v -m644 dbus/fi.{epitest.hostap.WPASupplicant,w1.wpa_supplicant1}.service \

                 /usr/share/dbus-/system-services/ &&

install -v -d -m755 /etc/dbus-/system.d &&

install -v -m644 dbus/dbus-wpa_supplicant.conf \

                 /etc/dbus-/system.d/wpa_supplicant.conf

22.配置开机启动wpa服务支持

systemctl enable wpa_supplicant

23.返回blfs-sources目录并删除解压的包目录

cd $LFS/sources/blfs-sources

rm -rf wpa_supplicant-2.6

24.设置wpa

install -v -dm755 /etc/wpa_supplicant &&

wpa_passphrase SSID SECRET_PASSWORD > /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant-wifi0.conf
wifi0替换为pci查到的无线网络设备名字

25.配置开机启动wpa网卡服务

systemctl enable wpa_supplicant@wlan0

wlan0更换为无线设备名字

26.使用wpa_cli遇到如下报错

Could not connect to wpa_supplicant: (nil) - re-trying

则在/etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant-wifi0.conf文件中加入以下参数

ctrl_interface=DIR=/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=root

update_config=1

27.使用wps_cli工具链接无线网络的方法

 1.进入wpa_cli工具下
wpa_cli

2.添加一个网络连接

add_network

默认id为0

3.扫描并显示结果

scan

scan_result

4.设置网络id：0的接入点与连接秘钥

set_network 0 ssid “<填入网络名字>”
set_network 0 psk "<填入网络密码>"

5.使用配置网络或连接配置网络id 0

enable_network 0 

select_network 0
完整命令 简短命令 描述
status stat 显示当前连接状态
quit q 退出
terminate term 关闭wpa_supplicant
reconfigure recon 使用提供的配置文件 (-c 参数) 重新加载wpa_supplicant
scan scan 扫描可用的接入点 (只扫描它, 不显示任何内容)
scan_result scan_r 显示上次扫描的结果
list_networks list_n 显示已配置网络及其状态的列表 (活动或不活动、启用或禁用)
select_network select_n 在已定义的网络中选择一个网络以启动连接 
enable_network enable_n 使配置的网络可供选择
remove_network remove_n 从列表中删除网络及其配置
add_network add_n 将新网络添加到列表中。它的 id 将自动创建
set_network set_n

显示了一个非常短的可用选项列表, 以便在没有参数的情况下配置网络。
get_network get_n 显示指定网络所需的参数。
save_config save_c 保存配置

参数

描述

ssid

接入点名称

psk

密码
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