使用Silverlight Toolkit 绘制图表---区域图和冒泡图

2021-11-27 20:20:23

前两天，当再次拜访其官方链接之后，发现其版本已升级到了3.0，其中又新增了不少
有意思的控件，我将会用四篇文章来简要介绍一下：）

首先就是其图表控件集合中新增了两种类型，分别为：Area,Bubble（区域图和冒泡图）。

下面就是其演示效果：

     首先，我们要创建一个SL应用，并在项目中加载对下面DLL文件的引用（来自下载的源
码包）：

System.Windows.Controls.DataVisualization.Toolkit.dll

然后在相应的XAML文件中添加对控件的声明，如下：

<UserControl x:Class="Silverlight_ToolKit3.DataVisualization"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    
    xmlns:controlsToolkit="clr-namespace:System.Windows.Controls;assembly=System.Windows.Controls.Toolkit"
    xmlns:chartingToolkit="clr-namespace:System.Windows.Controls.DataVisualization.Charting;assembly=System.Windows.Controls.DataVisualization.Toolkit"
    Width="800" Height="300">
    <Grid x:Name="LayoutRoot" Background="White">
        <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
            <ColumnDefinition Width="400"/>
           <ColumnDefinition Width="400"/>
        </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
        
        <chartingToolkit:Chart x:Name="AreaEmployeeList" Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="0" Title="区域图" />
        <chartingToolkit:Chart x:Name="BubbleEmployeeList" Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="1" Title="气泡图" />
    </Grid>
</UserControl>

因为要显示数据，所以我直接将数据对象集合“硬编码”到CS文件中，如下：

public List<EmployeeInfo> GetEmployeeList()
{
    List<EmployeeInfo> employeeList = new List<EmployeeInfo>();
    employeeList.Add(new EmployeeInfo { EmployeeID = 1, EmployeeName = "大林", Salary = 1000, City = "合肥" });
    employeeList.Add(new EmployeeInfo { EmployeeID = 2, EmployeeName = "小林", Salary = 1000, City = "合肥" });
    employeeList.Add(new EmployeeInfo { EmployeeID = 3, EmployeeName = "张三", Salary = 1000, City = "合肥" });
    employeeList.Add(new EmployeeInfo { EmployeeID = 4, EmployeeName = "李四", Salary = 1500, City = "天津" });
    employeeList.Add(new EmployeeInfo { EmployeeID = 5, EmployeeName = "王五", Salary = 2000, City = "上海" });
    return employeeList;
}

public List<EmployeeInfo> GetOtherEmployeeList()
{
    List<EmployeeInfo> employeeList = new List<EmployeeInfo>();
    employeeList.Add(new EmployeeInfo { EmployeeID = 6, EmployeeName = "赵六", Salary = 800, City = "北京" });
    employeeList.Add(new EmployeeInfo { EmployeeID = 7, EmployeeName = "尤七", Salary = 2100, City = "武汉" });
    employeeList.Add(new EmployeeInfo { EmployeeID = 8, EmployeeName = "马八", Salary = 1209, City = "海口" });
    employeeList.Add(new EmployeeInfo { EmployeeID = 9, EmployeeName = "许九", Salary = 1600, City = "海口" });
    employeeList.Add(new EmployeeInfo { EmployeeID = 10, EmployeeName = "代十", Salary = 2300, City = "海口" });
    return employeeList;
}

public class EmployeeInfo
{
    public int EmployeeID { set; get; }
    public string EmployeeName { set; get; }
    public int Salary { set; get; }
    public int[] Cost { get; set; }
    public string City { set; get; }
}

      因为这两个控件都支持多数据源绑定，所以我用了两个方法分别获取对象集合，分别是:
       GetEmployeeList();
       GetOtherEmployeeList();

      接着，就要对相应的图表控件进行初始化和数据绑定操作了，首先是“区域图表控件”，其
代码如下：

#region 区域图
  AreaSeries areaSeries1 = new AreaSeries();
  areaSeries1.ItemsSource = GetEmployeeList();
  areaSeries1.IndependentValueBinding = new System.Windows.Data.Binding("EmployeeID");
  areaSeries1.DependentValueBinding = new System.Windows.Data.Binding("Salary");
  AreaEmployeeList.Series.Add(areaSeries1);

  AreaSeries areaSeries2 = new AreaSeries();
  areaSeries2.ItemsSource = GetOtherEmployeeList();
  areaSeries2.IndependentValueBinding = new System.Windows.Data.Binding("EmployeeID");
  areaSeries2.DependentValueBinding = new System.Windows.Data.Binding("Salary");
  areaSeries2.Foreground = new SolidColorBrush(Colors.Red);
  AreaEmployeeList.Series.Add(areaSeries2);
  #endregion

上面代码依次声明了两个AreaSeries实例用于绑定两个数据源，同时对第二个AreaSeries实
例指定了红色背景来加以区别。当然对于AreaSeries的声明也可以放在XAML中进行定义，形如：

<chartingToolkit:Chart Title="Typical Use">
     <chartingToolkit:Chart.Series>
         <chartingToolkit:AreaSeries
             Title="Particulate Levels"
             IndependentValueBinding="{Binding EmployeeID}"
             DependentValueBinding="{Binding Salary}"/>
     </chartingToolkit:Chart.Series>
</chartingToolkit:Chart>

     注：我这样写只是想演示如何使用代码方式来初始化控件和绑定数据。

     上面是关于Area图，下面再看一下Bubble图的初始化方法，其实因为ToolKit中的图表设计使用
了统一的接口，因此不同的图表在具体实现时有些相似，下面的代码与上面的Area代码相差无几：

#region 气泡图
BubbleSeries bubbleSeries1 = new BubbleSeries();
bubbleSeries1.ItemsSource = GetEmployeeList();
bubbleSeries1.IndependentValueBinding = new System.Windows.Data.Binding("EmployeeID");
bubbleSeries1.DependentValueBinding = new System.Windows.Data.Binding("Salary");
bubbleSeries1.AnimationSequence = AnimationSequence.LastToFirst;
BubbleEmployeeList.Series.Add(bubbleSeries1);

BubbleSeries bubbleSeries2 = new BubbleSeries();
bubbleSeries2.ItemsSource = GetOtherEmployeeList();
bubbleSeries2.IndependentValueBinding = new System.Windows.Data.Binding("EmployeeID");
bubbleSeries2.DependentValueBinding = new System.Windows.Data.Binding("Salary");
BubbleEmployeeList.Series.Add(bubbleSeries2);
bubbleSeries1.AnimationSequence = AnimationSequence.FirstToLast;
#endregion

     大家看到了吧，唯一的区别就在BubbleSeries上，而不是Area图表的AreaSeries。

       最后补充一下，因为当前版本与之前我写的文章使用的版本不同，导致如果想向图表的X,Y轴
添加‘标题属性’所使用的类不同，在3.0里可用如下代码向X,Y轴绑定标题名称：

Action<Chart> chartModifier = (chart) =>
{
     DisplayAxis dateAxis = new CategoryAxis { Orientation = AxisOrientation.X, Title = "雇员ID", FontStyle = FontStyles.Italic, ShowGridLines = true, FontSize = 14f };
     AreaEmployeeList.Axes.Add(dateAxis);
     DisplayAxis valueAxis = new CategoryAxis { Orientation = AxisOrientation.Y, Title = "薪水", FontStyle = FontStyles.Normal, ShowGridLines = true};
     AreaEmployeeList.Axes.Add(valueAxis);
};
chartModifier(AreaEmployeeList);

这样，其显示效果就会变成如下图所示（注：Y轴单位数值会从左侧变到右侧）：

       好的，今天的内容就先到这里了，感兴趣的朋友可以亲自本文的源码或去SilverlightToolKit

官方下载一试便知。

本文转自 daizhenjun 51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/daizhj/182692，如需转载请自行联系原作者

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