Unity角色残影特效

2021-07-21 20:09:47

残影特效在网上有很多例子，比如这个，我参考着自己整合了一下，算是整合了一个比较完整且特别简单易用的出来，只需要一个脚本挂上去无需任何设定就能用。

这里只针对SkinnedMeshRenderer的网格（也就是带蒙皮的网格）残影，主要原理是根据设定的间隔时间连续的截取当前SkinnedMeshRenderer的网格数据并使用Graphics.DrawMesh画出网格。

一、首先是我们的残影类，为了能及时的Destroy，所以它最好派生至Object：

class AfterImage : Object

{

    //残影网格

    public Mesh _Mesh;

    //残影纹理

    public Material _Material;

    //残影位置

    public Matrix4x4 _Matrix;

    //残影透明度

    public float _Alpha;

    //残影启动时间

    public float _StartTime;

    //残影保留时间

    public float _Duration;

    public AfterImage(Mesh mesh, Material material, Matrix4x4 matrix4x4, float alpha, float startTime, float duration)

    {

        _Mesh = mesh;

        _Material = material;

        _Matrix = matrix4x4;

        _Alpha = alpha;

        _StartTime = startTime;

        _Duration = duration;

    }

}

属性描述：残影从创建之时起便记录《残影启动时间》，当其生命周期达到或者超过了设定的《残影保留时间》时，该残影即被清除；《残影网格》为残影创建之时从SkinnedMeshRenderer截取而来，保留有当前SkinnedMeshRenderer的网格数据，并依据设定的《残影纹理》在《残影位置》以《残影透明度》DrawMesh。

二、我们再定义一个残影特效类来管理残影：

using UnityEngine;

using System.Collections;

using System.Collections.Generic;

/// <summary>

/// 残影特效

/// </summary>

public class AfterImageEffects : MonoBehaviour {

    //开启残影

    public bool _OpenAfterImage;

    //残影颜色

    public Color _AfterImageColor = Color.black;

    //残影的生存时间

    public float _SurvivalTime = 1;

    //生成残影的间隔时间

    public float _IntervalTime = 0.2f;

    private float _Time = 0;

    //残影初始透明度

    [Range(0.1f, 1.0f)]

    public float _InitialAlpha = 1.0f;

    private List<AfterImage> _AfterImageList;

    private SkinnedMeshRenderer _SkinnedMeshRenderer;

    void Awake () {

        _AfterImageList = new List<AfterImage>();

        _SkinnedMeshRenderer = GetComponent<SkinnedMeshRenderer>();

    }

    void Update () {

        if (_OpenAfterImage && _AfterImageList != null)

        {

            if (_SkinnedMeshRenderer == null)

            {

                _OpenAfterImage = false;

                return;

            }

            _Time += Time.deltaTime;

            //生成残影

            CreateAfterImage();

            //刷新残影

            UpdateAfterImage();

        }

    }

}

属性描述：《残影的生存时间》为每个残影从创建开始到销毁经历的时间，《生成残影的间隔时间》为残影创建后到下一个残影创建的时间，每个残影都会从《初始透明度》逐渐变化到0透明度并销毁。

生成残影：

/// <summary>

    /// 生成残影

    /// </summary>

    void CreateAfterImage()

    {

        //生成残影

        if (_Time >= _IntervalTime)

        {

            _Time = 0;

            Mesh mesh = new Mesh();

            _SkinnedMeshRenderer.BakeMesh(mesh);

            Material material = new Material(_SkinnedMeshRenderer.material);

            SetMaterialRenderingMode(material, RenderingMode.Fade);

            _AfterImageList.Add(new AfterImage(

                mesh,

                material,

                transform.localToWorldMatrix,

                _InitialAlpha,

                Time.realtimeSinceStartup,

                _SurvivalTime));

        }

    }

刷新残影：

/// <summary>

    /// 刷新残影

    /// </summary>

    void UpdateAfterImage()

    {

        //刷新残影，根据生存时间销毁已过时的残影

        for (int i = 0; i < _AfterImageList.Count; i++)

        {

            float _PassingTime = Time.realtimeSinceStartup - _AfterImageList[i]._StartTime;

            if (_PassingTime > _AfterImageList[i]._Duration)

            {

                _AfterImageList.Remove(_AfterImageList[i]);

                Destroy(_AfterImageList[i]);

                continue;

            }

            if (_AfterImageList[i]._Material.HasProperty("_Color"))

            {

                _AfterImageList[i]._Alpha *= (1 - _PassingTime / _AfterImageList[i]._Duration);

                _AfterImageColor.a = _AfterImageList[i]._Alpha;

                _AfterImageList[i]._Material.SetColor("_Color", _AfterImageColor);

            }

            Graphics.DrawMesh(_AfterImageList[i]._Mesh, _AfterImageList[i]._Matrix, _AfterImageList[i]._Material, gameObject.layer);

        }

    }

残影存在透明通道，所以必须要设置纹理的渲染模式为fade模式：

/// <summary>

    /// 设置纹理渲染模式

    /// </summary>

    void SetMaterialRenderingMode(Material material, RenderingMode renderingMode)

    {

        switch (renderingMode)

        {

            case RenderingMode.Opaque:

                material.SetInt("_SrcBlend", (int)UnityEngine.Rendering.BlendMode.One);

                material.SetInt("_DstBlend", (int)UnityEngine.Rendering.BlendMode.Zero);

                material.SetInt("_ZWrite", 1);

                material.DisableKeyword("_ALPHATEST_ON");

                material.DisableKeyword("_ALPHABLEND_ON");

                material.DisableKeyword("_ALPHAPREMULTIPLY_ON");

                material.renderQueue = -1;

                break;

            case RenderingMode.Cutout:

                material.SetInt("_SrcBlend", (int)UnityEngine.Rendering.BlendMode.One);

                material.SetInt("_DstBlend", (int)UnityEngine.Rendering.BlendMode.Zero);

                material.SetInt("_ZWrite", 1);

                material.EnableKeyword("_ALPHATEST_ON");

                material.DisableKeyword("_ALPHABLEND_ON");

                material.DisableKeyword("_ALPHAPREMULTIPLY_ON");

                material.renderQueue = 2450;

                break;

            case RenderingMode.Fade:

                material.SetInt("_SrcBlend", (int)UnityEngine.Rendering.BlendMode.SrcAlpha);

                material.SetInt("_DstBlend", (int)UnityEngine.Rendering.BlendMode.OneMinusSrcAlpha);

                material.SetInt("_ZWrite", 0);

                material.DisableKeyword("_ALPHATEST_ON");

                material.EnableKeyword("_ALPHABLEND_ON");

                material.DisableKeyword("_ALPHAPREMULTIPLY_ON");

                material.renderQueue = 3000;

                break;

            case RenderingMode.Transparent:

                material.SetInt("_SrcBlend", (int)UnityEngine.Rendering.BlendMode.One);

                material.SetInt("_DstBlend", (int)UnityEngine.Rendering.BlendMode.OneMinusSrcAlpha);

                material.SetInt("_ZWrite", 0);

                material.DisableKeyword("_ALPHATEST_ON");

                material.DisableKeyword("_ALPHABLEND_ON");

                material.EnableKeyword("_ALPHAPREMULTIPLY_ON");

                material.renderQueue = 3000;

                break;

        }

    }

三、效果图如下：

四、我将完整的源码贴一遍，只需要新建一个脚本AfterImageEffects，复制以下源码到其中，然后挂在有SkinnedMeshRenderer组件的模型上，并勾选OpenAfterImage，运行便可以看到效果：

using UnityEngine;

using System.Collections;

using System.Collections.Generic;

/// <summary>

/// 残影特效

/// </summary>

public class AfterImageEffects : MonoBehaviour {

    //开启残影

    public bool _OpenAfterImage;

    //残影颜色

    public Color _AfterImageColor = Color.black;

    //残影的生存时间

    public float _SurvivalTime = 1;

    //生成残影的间隔时间

    public float _IntervalTime = 0.2f;

    private float _Time = 0;

    //残影初始透明度

    [Range(0.1f, 1.0f)]

    public float _InitialAlpha = 1.0f;

    private List<AfterImage> _AfterImageList;

    private SkinnedMeshRenderer _SkinnedMeshRenderer;

    void Awake () {

        _AfterImageList = new List<AfterImage>();

        _SkinnedMeshRenderer = GetComponent<SkinnedMeshRenderer>();

    }

	void Update () {

        if (_OpenAfterImage && _AfterImageList != null)

        {

            if (_SkinnedMeshRenderer == null)

            {

                _OpenAfterImage = false;

                return;

            }

            _Time += Time.deltaTime;

            //生成残影

            CreateAfterImage();

            //刷新残影

            UpdateAfterImage();

        }

	}

    /// <summary>

    /// 生成残影

    /// </summary>

    void CreateAfterImage()

    {

        //生成残影

        if (_Time >= _IntervalTime)

        {

            _Time = 0;

            Mesh mesh = new Mesh();

            _SkinnedMeshRenderer.BakeMesh(mesh);

            Material material = new Material(_SkinnedMeshRenderer.material);

            SetMaterialRenderingMode(material, RenderingMode.Fade);

            _AfterImageList.Add(new AfterImage(

                mesh,

                material,

                transform.localToWorldMatrix,

                _InitialAlpha,

                Time.realtimeSinceStartup,

                _SurvivalTime));

        }

    }

    /// <summary>

    /// 刷新残影

    /// </summary>

    void UpdateAfterImage()

    {

        //刷新残影，根据生存时间销毁已过时的残影

        for (int i = 0; i < _AfterImageList.Count; i++)

        {

            float _PassingTime = Time.realtimeSinceStartup - _AfterImageList[i]._StartTime;

            if (_PassingTime > _AfterImageList[i]._Duration)

            {

                _AfterImageList.Remove(_AfterImageList[i]);

                Destroy(_AfterImageList[i]);

                continue;

            }

            if (_AfterImageList[i]._Material.HasProperty("_Color"))

            {

                _AfterImageList[i]._Alpha *= (1 - _PassingTime / _AfterImageList[i]._Duration);

                _AfterImageColor.a = _AfterImageList[i]._Alpha;

                _AfterImageList[i]._Material.SetColor("_Color", _AfterImageColor);

            }

            Graphics.DrawMesh(_AfterImageList[i]._Mesh, _AfterImageList[i]._Matrix, _AfterImageList[i]._Material, gameObject.layer);

        }

    }

    /// <summary>

    /// 设置纹理渲染模式

    /// </summary>

    void SetMaterialRenderingMode(Material material, RenderingMode renderingMode)

    {

        switch (renderingMode)

        {

            case RenderingMode.Opaque:

                material.SetInt("_SrcBlend", (int)UnityEngine.Rendering.BlendMode.One);

                material.SetInt("_DstBlend", (int)UnityEngine.Rendering.BlendMode.Zero);

                material.SetInt("_ZWrite", 1);

                material.DisableKeyword("_ALPHATEST_ON");

                material.DisableKeyword("_ALPHABLEND_ON");

                material.DisableKeyword("_ALPHAPREMULTIPLY_ON");

                material.renderQueue = -1;

                break;

            case RenderingMode.Cutout:

                material.SetInt("_SrcBlend", (int)UnityEngine.Rendering.BlendMode.One);

                material.SetInt("_DstBlend", (int)UnityEngine.Rendering.BlendMode.Zero);

                material.SetInt("_ZWrite", 1);

                material.EnableKeyword("_ALPHATEST_ON");

                material.DisableKeyword("_ALPHABLEND_ON");

                material.DisableKeyword("_ALPHAPREMULTIPLY_ON");

                material.renderQueue = 2450;

                break;

            case RenderingMode.Fade:

                material.SetInt("_SrcBlend", (int)UnityEngine.Rendering.BlendMode.SrcAlpha);

                material.SetInt("_DstBlend", (int)UnityEngine.Rendering.BlendMode.OneMinusSrcAlpha);

                material.SetInt("_ZWrite", 0);

                material.DisableKeyword("_ALPHATEST_ON");

                material.EnableKeyword("_ALPHABLEND_ON");

                material.DisableKeyword("_ALPHAPREMULTIPLY_ON");

                material.renderQueue = 3000;

                break;

            case RenderingMode.Transparent:

                material.SetInt("_SrcBlend", (int)UnityEngine.Rendering.BlendMode.One);

                material.SetInt("_DstBlend", (int)UnityEngine.Rendering.BlendMode.OneMinusSrcAlpha);

                material.SetInt("_ZWrite", 0);

                material.DisableKeyword("_ALPHATEST_ON");

                material.DisableKeyword("_ALPHABLEND_ON");

                material.EnableKeyword("_ALPHAPREMULTIPLY_ON");

                material.renderQueue = 3000;

                break;

        }

    }

}

public enum RenderingMode

{

    Opaque,

    Cutout,

    Fade,

    Transparent,

}

class AfterImage : Object

{

    //残影网格

    public Mesh _Mesh;

    //残影纹理

    public Material _Material;

    //残影位置

    public Matrix4x4 _Matrix;

    //残影透明度

    public float _Alpha;

    //残影启动时间

    public float _StartTime;

    //残影保留时间

    public float _Duration;

    public AfterImage(Mesh mesh, Material material, Matrix4x4 matrix4x4, float alpha, float startTime, float duration)

    {

        _Mesh = mesh;

        _Material = material;

        _Matrix = matrix4x4;

        _Alpha = alpha;

        _StartTime = startTime;

        _Duration = duration;

    }

}

码农公寓

相关文章