错误内容：

Database character set (AL32UTF8) and Client character set (ZHS16GBK) are different. Character set conversion may cause unexpected results.

Note: you can set the client character set through the NLS_LANG environment variable or the NLS_LANG registry key in HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESOFTWAREORACLEKEY_Oracle_10g

截图：

打开注册表,通过命令regedit。找到到文中提示的路径，发现NLS_LANG键的值为:

SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.ZHS16GBK

修改为：SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.AL32UTF8即可

还有一种可能是由于安装11g的时候没选择自定义安装造成的

Database character set (AL32UTF8) and Client character set (ZHS16GBK) are different. Character set conversion may cause unexpected results. Note: you can set the client character set through the NLS_LANG environment variable or the NLS_LANG registry key in HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE/SOFTWARE/ORACLE/KEY_OraDb11g_home
SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.ZHS16GBK 包含 AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8.

这可是个麻烦事，不是改客户端字符集的问题。要改数据库的字符集：

SQL> conn /as sysdba

SQL> shutdown immediate;

SQL> startup mount

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM ENABLE RESTRICTED SESSION;

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES=0;

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET AQ_TM_PROCESSES=0;

SQL> alter database open;

SQL> ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK;

ORA-12712: new character set must be a superset of old character set 提示我们的字符集：新字符集必须为旧字符集的超集，这时我们可以跳过超集的检查做更改： SQL> ALTER DATABASE character set INTERNAL_USE ZHS16GBK;

--我们看到这个过程和之前ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET操作的内部过程是完全相同的，

也就是说INTERNAL_USE提供的帮助就是使Oracle数据库绕过了子集与超集的校验.

SQL> select * from v$nls_parameters;

SQL> shutdown immediate;

SQL> startup

SQL> select * from v$nls_parameters;

以后安装oracle11g的时候记得选择自定义安装，把这个字符集的事情事先弄好