一、结果跳转方式
<action name="Demo1Action" class="cn.itheima.a_result.Demo1Action" method="execute" >
<result name="success" type="dispatcher" >/hello.jsp</result>
</action>
转发
<action name="Demo2Action" class="cn.itheima.a_result.Demo2Action" method="execute" >
<result name="success" type="redirect" >/hello.jsp</result>
</action>
重定向
<action name="Demo3Action" class="cn.itheima.a_result.Demo3Action" method="execute" >
<result name="success" type="chain">
<!-- action的名字 -->
<param name="actionName">Demo1Action</param>
<!-- action所在的命名空间 -->
<param name="namespace">/</param>
</result>
</action>
转发到Action
<action name="Demo4Action" class="cn.itheima.a_result.Demo4Action" method="execute" >
<result name="success" type="redirectAction">
<!-- action的名字 -->
<param name="actionName">Demo1Action</param>
<!-- action所在的命名空间 -->
<param name="namespace">/</param>
</result>
</action>
重定向到Action
二、访问servletAPI方式
1.原理
2.通过ActionContext（推荐）
//如何在action中获得原生ServletAPI
public class Demo5Action extends ActionSupport { public String execute() throws Exception {
//request域=> map (struts2并不推荐使用原生request域)
//不推荐
Map<String, Object> requestScope = (Map<String, Object>) ActionContext.getContext().get("request");
//推荐
ActionContext.getContext().put("name", "requestTom");
//session域 => map
Map<String, Object> sessionScope = ActionContext.getContext().getSession();
sessionScope.put("name", "sessionTom");
//application域=>map
Map<String, Object> applicationScope = ActionContext.getContext().getApplication();
applicationScope.put("name", "applicationTom"); return SUCCESS;
}
}
3.通过ServletActionContext
//如何在action中获得原生ServletAPI
public class Demo6Action extends ActionSupport {
//并不推荐
public String execute() throws Exception {
//原生request
HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
//原生session
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
//原生response
HttpServletResponse response = ServletActionContext.getResponse();
//原生servletContext
ServletContext servletContext = ServletActionContext.getServletContext();
return SUCCESS;
}
}
4.通过实现接口方式
//如何在action中获得原生ServletAPI
public class Demo7Action extends ActionSupport implements ServletRequestAware { private HttpServletRequest request; public String execute() throws Exception { System.out.println("原生request:"+request);
return SUCCESS;
} @Override
public void setServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
this.request = request;
} }
三、如何获得参数
1.扩展
1.1 strutsMVC
1.2 Action生命周期
1.2.1 每次请求到来时,都会创建一个新的Action实例
1.2.2 Action是线程安全的.可以使用成员变量接收参数
2.属性驱动获得参数
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/Demo8Action">
用户名:<input type="text" name="name" /><br>
年龄:<input type="text" name="age" /><br>
生日:<input type="text" name="birthday" /><br>
<input type="submit" value="提交" />
</form>
Jsp界面代码
//准备与参数键名称相同的属性
private String name;
//自动类型转换 只能转换8大基本数据类型以及对应包装类
private Integer age;
//支持特定类型字符串转换为Date ,例如 yyyy-MM-dd
private Date birthday; public String execute() throws Exception { System.out.println("name参数值:"+name+",age参数值:"+age+",生日:"+birthday); return SUCCESS;
} public String getName() {
return name;
} public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
} public Integer getAge() {
return age;
} public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
} public Date getBirthday() {
return birthday;
} public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
this.birthday = birthday;
}
后台代码
3.对象驱动
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/Demo9Action">
用户名:<input type="text" name="user.name" /><br>
年龄:<input type="text" name="user.age" /><br>
生日:<input type="text" name="user.birthday" /><br>
<input type="submit" value="提交" />
</form>
Jsp界面代码
public class Demo9Action extends ActionSupport {
//准备user对象
private User user;
public String execute() throws Exception {
System.out.println(user);
return SUCCESS;
}
public User getUser() {
return user;
}
public void setUser(User user) {
this.user = user;
}
}
后台代码
4.模型驱动
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/Demo10Action">
用户名:<input type="text" name="name" /><br>
年龄:<input type="text" name="age" /><br>
生日:<input type="text" name="birthday" /><br>
<input type="submit" value="提交" />
</form>
Jsp界面代码
public class Demo10Action extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven<User> {
//准备user 成员变量
private User user =new User();
public String execute() throws Exception {
System.out.println(user);
return SUCCESS;
}
@Override
public User getModel() {
return user;
}
}
后台代码
四、集合类型参数封装
1.List和Map
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/Demo11Action" method="post" >
list:<input type="text" name="list" /><br>
list:<input type="text" name="list[3]" /><br>
map:<input type="text" name="map['haha']" /><br>
<input type="submit" value="提交" />
</form>
Jsp界面代码
public class Demo11Action extends ActionSupport {
//list
private List<String> list;
//Map
private Map<String,String> map;
public String execute() throws Exception {
System.out.println("list:"+list);
System.out.println("map:"+map);
return SUCCESS;
}
public List<String> getList() {
return list;
}
public void setList(List<String> list) {
this.list = list;
}
public Map<String, String> getMap() {
return map;
}
public void setMap(Map<String, String> map) {
this.map = map;
}
}
后台代码
五、练习:添加客户
注意:struts和hibernate包在合并时.javassist-3.18.1-GA.jar包是重复的,删除版本低的.
实现步骤：
public class CustomerAction extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven<Customer> {
private CustomerService cs = new CustomerServiceImpl();
private Customer customer = new Customer();
//添加客户
public String add() throws Exception {
//1 调用Service
cs.save(customer);
//2 重定向到列表action方法
return "toList";
}
}
主要实现Action代码
<package name="crm" namespace="/" extends="struts-default" >
<action name="CustomerAction_*" class="cn.itheima.web.action.CustomerAction" method="{1}" >
<result name="list" >/jsp/customer/list.jsp</result>
<result name="toList" type="redirectAction">
<param name="actionName">CustomerAction_list</param>
<param name="namespace">/</param>
</result>
</action>
</package>
struts.xml配置