PHPUnit-附录 A. 断言 (assert)

【http://www.phpunit.cn/manual/5.7/zh_cn/appendixes.assertions.html】

本附录列举可用的各种断言方法。

assertArrayHasKey()

assertArrayHasKey(mixed $key, array $array[, string $message = ''])

$array 不包含 $key 时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

assertArrayNotHasKey() 是与之相反的断言,接受相同的参数。

例 A.1: assertArrayHasKey() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class ArrayHasKeyTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertArrayHasKey('foo', ['bar' => 'baz']);
}
}
?>
phpunit ArrayHasKeyTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 5.00Mb There was 1 failure: 1) ArrayHasKeyTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that an array has the key 'foo'. /home/sb/ArrayHasKeyTest.php:6 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 1, Failures: 1.

assertClassHasAttribute()

assertClassHasAttribute(string $attributeName, string $className[, string $message = ''])

$className::attributeName 不存在时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

assertClassNotHasAttribute() 是与之相反的断言,接受相同的参数。

例 A.2: assertClassHasAttribute() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class ClassHasAttributeTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertClassHasAttribute('foo', stdClass::class);
}
}
?>
phpunit ClassHasAttributeTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 4.75Mb There was 1 failure: 1) ClassHasAttributeTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that class "stdClass" has attribute "foo". /home/sb/ClassHasAttributeTest.php:6 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 1, Failures: 1.

assertArraySubset()

assertArraySubset(array $subset, array $array[, bool $strict = '', string $message = ''])

$array 不包含 $subset 时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

$strict 是一个标志,用于表明是否需要对数组中的对象进行全等判定。

例 A.3: assertArraySubset() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class ArraySubsetTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertArraySubset(['config' => ['key-a', 'key-b']], ['config' => ['key-a']]);
}
}
?>
phpunit ArrayHasKeyTest
PHPUnit 4.4.0 by Sebastian Bergmann. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 5.00Mb There was 1 failure: 1) Epilog\EpilogTest::testNoFollowOption
Failed asserting that an array has the subset Array &0 (
'config' => Array &1 (
0 => 'key-a'
1 => 'key-b'
)
). /home/sb/ArraySubsetTest.php:6 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 1, Failures: 1.

assertClassHasStaticAttribute()

assertClassHasStaticAttribute(string $attributeName, string $className[, string $message = ''])

$className::attributeName 不存在时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

assertClassNotHasStaticAttribute() 是与之相反的断言,接受相同的参数。

例 A.4: assertClassHasStaticAttribute() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class ClassHasStaticAttributeTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertClassHasStaticAttribute('foo', stdClass::class);
}
}
?>
phpunit ClassHasStaticAttributeTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 4.75Mb There was 1 failure: 1) ClassHasStaticAttributeTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that class "stdClass" has static attribute "foo". /home/sb/ClassHasStaticAttributeTest.php:6 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 1, Failures: 1.

assertContains()

assertContains(mixed $needle, Iterator|array $haystack[, string $message = ''])

$needle 不是 $haystack的元素时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

assertNotContains() 是与之相反的断言,接受相同的参数。

assertAttributeContains()assertAttributeNotContains() 是便捷包装(convenience wrapper),以某个类或对象的 publicprotectedprivate 属性为搜索范围。

例 A.5: assertContains() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class ContainsTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertContains(4, [1, 2, 3]);
}
}
?>
phpunit ContainsTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 5.00Mb There was 1 failure: 1) ContainsTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that an array contains 4. /home/sb/ContainsTest.php:6 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 1, Failures: 1.

assertContains(string $needle, string $haystack[, string $message = '', boolean $ignoreCase = false])

$needle 不是 $haystack 的子字符串时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

如果 $ignoreCasetrue,测试将按大小写不敏感的方式进行。

例 A.6: assertContains() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class ContainsTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertContains('baz', 'foobar');
}
}
?>
phpunit ContainsTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 5.00Mb There was 1 failure: 1) ContainsTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that 'foobar' contains "baz". /home/sb/ContainsTest.php:6 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 1, Failures: 1.

例 A.7: 带有 $ignoreCase 参数的 assertContains() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class ContainsTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertContains('foo', 'FooBar');
} public function testOK()
{
$this->assertContains('foo', 'FooBar', '', true);
}
}
?>
phpunit ContainsTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F. Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 2.75Mb There was 1 failure: 1) ContainsTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that 'FooBar' contains "foo". /home/sb/ContainsTest.php:6 FAILURES!
Tests: 2, Assertions: 2, Failures: 1.

assertContainsOnly()

assertContainsOnly(string $type, Iterator|array $haystack[, boolean $isNativeType = null, string $message = ''])

$haystack 并非仅包含类型为 $type 的变量时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

$isNativeType 是一个标志,用来表明 $type 是否是原生 PHP 类型。

assertNotContainsOnly() 是与之相反的断言,并接受相同的参数。

assertAttributeContainsOnly()assertAttributeNotContainsOnly() 是便捷包装(convenience wrapper),以某个类或对象的 publicprotectedprivate 属性为搜索范围。

例 A.8: assertContainsOnly() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class ContainsOnlyTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertContainsOnly('string', ['1', '2', 3]);
}
}
?>
phpunit ContainsOnlyTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 5.00Mb There was 1 failure: 1) ContainsOnlyTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that Array (
0 => '1'
1 => '2'
2 => 3
) contains only values of type "string". /home/sb/ContainsOnlyTest.php:6 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 1, Failures: 1.

assertContainsOnlyInstancesOf()

assertContainsOnlyInstancesOf(string $classname, Traversable|array $haystack[, string $message = ''])

$haystack 并非仅包含类 $classname 的实例时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

例 A.9: assertContainsOnlyInstancesOf() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class ContainsOnlyInstancesOfTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertContainsOnlyInstancesOf(
Foo::class,
[new Foo, new Bar, new Foo]
);
}
}
?>
phpunit ContainsOnlyInstancesOfTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 5.00Mb There was 1 failure: 1) ContainsOnlyInstancesOfTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that Array ([0]=> Bar Object(...)) is an instance of class "Foo". /home/sb/ContainsOnlyInstancesOfTest.php:6 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 1, Failures: 1.

assertCount()

assertCount($expectedCount, $haystack[, string $message = ''])

$haystack 中的元素数量不是 $expectedCount 时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

assertNotCount() 是与之相反的断言,接受相同的参数。

例 A.10: assertCount() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class CountTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertCount(0, ['foo']);
}
}
?>
phpunit CountTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 4.75Mb There was 1 failure: 1) CountTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that actual size 1 matches expected size 0. /home/sb/CountTest.php:6 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 1, Failures: 1.

assertDirectoryExists()

assertDirectoryExists(string $directory[, string $message = ''])

$directory 所指定的目录不存在时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

assertDirectoryNotExists() 是与之相反的断言,并接受相同的参数。

例 A.11: assertDirectoryExists() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class DirectoryExistsTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertDirectoryExists('/path/to/directory');
}
}
?>
phpunit DirectoryExistsTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 4.75Mb There was 1 failure: 1) DirectoryExistsTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that directory "/path/to/directory" exists. /home/sb/DirectoryExistsTest.php:6 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 1, Failures: 1.

assertDirectoryIsReadable()

assertDirectoryIsReadable(string $directory[, string $message = ''])

$directory 所指定的目录不是个目录或不可读时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

assertDirectoryNotIsReadable() 是与之相反的断言,并接受相同的参数。

例 A.12: assertDirectoryIsReadable() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class DirectoryIsReadableTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertDirectoryIsReadable('/path/to/directory');
}
}
?>
phpunit DirectoryIsReadableTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 4.75Mb There was 1 failure: 1) DirectoryIsReadableTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that "/path/to/directory" is readable. /home/sb/DirectoryIsReadableTest.php:6 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 1, Failures: 1.

assertDirectoryIsWritable()

assertDirectoryIsWritable(string $directory[, string $message = ''])

$directory 所指定的目录不是个目录或不可写时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

assertDirectoryNotIsWritable() 是与之相反的断言,并接受相同的参数。

例 A.13: assertDirectoryIsWritable() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class DirectoryIsWritableTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertDirectoryIsWritable('/path/to/directory');
}
}
?>
phpunit DirectoryIsWritableTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 4.75Mb There was 1 failure: 1) DirectoryIsWritableTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that "/path/to/directory" is writable. /home/sb/DirectoryIsWritableTest.php:6 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 1, Failures: 1.

assertEmpty()

assertEmpty(mixed $actual[, string $message = ''])

$actual 非空时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

assertNotEmpty() 是与之相反的断言,接受相同的参数。

assertAttributeEmpty()assertAttributeNotEmpty() 是便捷包装(convenience wrapper),可以应用于某个类或对象的某个 publicprotectedprivate 属性。

例 A.14: assertEmpty() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class EmptyTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertEmpty(['foo']);
}
}
?>
phpunit EmptyTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 4.75Mb There was 1 failure: 1) EmptyTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that an array is empty. /home/sb/EmptyTest.php:6 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 1, Failures: 1.

assertEqualXMLStructure()

assertEqualXMLStructure(DOMElement
$expectedElement, DOMElement $actualElement[, boolean $checkAttributes =
false, string $message = ''])

$actualElement 中 DOMElement 的 XML 结构与 $expectedElement 中 DOMElement的 XML 结构不相同时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

例 A.15: assertEqualXMLStructure() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class EqualXMLStructureTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailureWithDifferentNodeNames()
{
$expected = new DOMElement('foo');
$actual = new DOMElement('bar'); $this->assertEqualXMLStructure($expected, $actual);
} public function testFailureWithDifferentNodeAttributes()
{
$expected = new DOMDocument;
$expected->loadXML('<foo bar="true" />'); $actual = new DOMDocument;
$actual->loadXML('<foo/>'); $this->assertEqualXMLStructure(
$expected->firstChild, $actual->firstChild, true
);
} public function testFailureWithDifferentChildrenCount()
{
$expected = new DOMDocument;
$expected->loadXML('<foo><bar/><bar/><bar/></foo>'); $actual = new DOMDocument;
$actual->loadXML('<foo><bar/></foo>'); $this->assertEqualXMLStructure(
$expected->firstChild, $actual->firstChild
);
} public function testFailureWithDifferentChildren()
{
$expected = new DOMDocument;
$expected->loadXML('<foo><bar/><bar/><bar/></foo>'); $actual = new DOMDocument;
$actual->loadXML('<foo><baz/><baz/><baz/></foo>'); $this->assertEqualXMLStructure(
$expected->firstChild, $actual->firstChild
);
}
}
?>
phpunit EqualXMLStructureTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. FFFF Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 5.75Mb There were 4 failures: 1) EqualXMLStructureTest::testFailureWithDifferentNodeNames
Failed asserting that two strings are equal.
--- Expected
+++ Actual
@@ @@
-'foo'
+'bar' /home/sb/EqualXMLStructureTest.php:9 2) EqualXMLStructureTest::testFailureWithDifferentNodeAttributes
Number of attributes on node "foo" does not match
Failed asserting that 0 matches expected 1. /home/sb/EqualXMLStructureTest.php:22 3) EqualXMLStructureTest::testFailureWithDifferentChildrenCount
Number of child nodes of "foo" differs
Failed asserting that 1 matches expected 3. /home/sb/EqualXMLStructureTest.php:35 4) EqualXMLStructureTest::testFailureWithDifferentChildren
Failed asserting that two strings are equal.
--- Expected
+++ Actual
@@ @@
-'bar'
+'baz' /home/sb/EqualXMLStructureTest.php:48 FAILURES!
Tests: 4, Assertions: 8, Failures: 4.

assertEquals()

assertEquals(mixed $expected, mixed $actual[, string $message = ''])

当两个变量 $expected$actual 不相等时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

assertNotEquals() 是与之相反的断言,接受相同的参数。

assertAttributeEquals()assertAttributeNotEquals() 是便捷包装(convenience wrapper),以某个类或对象的某个 publicprotectedprivate 属性作为实际值来进行比较。

例 A.16: assertEquals() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class EqualsTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertEquals(1, 0);
} public function testFailure2()
{
$this->assertEquals('bar', 'baz');
} public function testFailure3()
{
$this->assertEquals("foo\nbar\nbaz\n", "foo\nbah\nbaz\n");
}
}
?>
phpunit EqualsTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. FFF Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 5.25Mb There were 3 failures: 1) EqualsTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that 0 matches expected 1. /home/sb/EqualsTest.php:6 2) EqualsTest::testFailure2
Failed asserting that two strings are equal.
--- Expected
+++ Actual
@@ @@
-'bar'
+'baz' /home/sb/EqualsTest.php:11 3) EqualsTest::testFailure3
Failed asserting that two strings are equal.
--- Expected
+++ Actual
@@ @@
'foo
-bar
+bah
baz
' /home/sb/EqualsTest.php:16 FAILURES!
Tests: 3, Assertions: 3, Failures: 3.

如果 $expected$actual 是某些特定的类型,将使用更加专门的比较方式,参阅下文。

assertEquals(float $expected, float $actual[, string $message = '', float $delta = 0])

当两个浮点数 $expected$actual 之间的差值(的绝对值)大于 $delta 时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

关于为什么 $delta 参数是必须的,请阅读《关于浮点运算,每一位计算机科学从业人员都应该知道的事实》。

例 A.17: 将assertEquals()用于浮点数时的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class EqualsTest extends TestCase
{
public function testSuccess()
{
$this->assertEquals(1.0, 1.1, '', 0.2);
} public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertEquals(1.0, 1.1);
}
}
?>
phpunit EqualsTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. .F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 5.75Mb There was 1 failure: 1) EqualsTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that 1.1 matches expected 1.0. /home/sb/EqualsTest.php:11 FAILURES!
Tests: 2, Assertions: 2, Failures: 1.

assertEquals(DOMDocument $expected, DOMDocument $actual[, string $message = ''])

$expected$actual 这两个 DOMDocument 对象所表示的 XML 文档对应的无注释规范形式不相同时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

例 A.18: assertEquals()应用于 DOMDocument 对象时的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class EqualsTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$expected = new DOMDocument;
$expected->loadXML('<foo><bar/></foo>'); $actual = new DOMDocument;
$actual->loadXML('<bar><foo/></bar>'); $this->assertEquals($expected, $actual);
}
}
?>
phpunit EqualsTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 5.00Mb There was 1 failure: 1) EqualsTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that two DOM documents are equal.
--- Expected
+++ Actual
@@ @@
<?xml version="1.0"?>
-<foo>
- <bar/>
-</foo>
+<bar>
+ <foo/>
+</bar> /home/sb/EqualsTest.php:12 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 1, Failures: 1.

assertEquals(object $expected, object $actual[, string $message = ''])

$expected$actual 这两个对象的属性值不相等时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

例 A.19: assertEquals()应用于对象时的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class EqualsTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$expected = new stdClass;
$expected->foo = 'foo';
$expected->bar = 'bar'; $actual = new stdClass;
$actual->foo = 'bar';
$actual->baz = 'bar'; $this->assertEquals($expected, $actual);
}
}
?>
phpunit EqualsTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 5.25Mb There was 1 failure: 1) EqualsTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that two objects are equal.
--- Expected
+++ Actual
@@ @@
stdClass Object (
- 'foo' => 'foo'
- 'bar' => 'bar'
+ 'foo' => 'bar'
+ 'baz' => 'bar'
) /home/sb/EqualsTest.php:14 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 1, Failures: 1.

assertEquals(array $expected, array $actual[, string $message = ''])

$expected$actual 这两个数组不相等时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

例 A.20: assertEquals() 应用于数组时的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class EqualsTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertEquals(['a', 'b', 'c'], ['a', 'c', 'd']);
}
}
?>
phpunit EqualsTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 5.25Mb There was 1 failure: 1) EqualsTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that two arrays are equal.
--- Expected
+++ Actual
@@ @@
Array (
0 => 'a'
- 1 => 'b'
- 2 => 'c'
+ 1 => 'c'
+ 2 => 'd'
) /home/sb/EqualsTest.php:6 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 1, Failures: 1.

assertFalse()

assertFalse(bool $condition[, string $message = ''])

$conditiontrue 时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

assertNotFalse() 是与之相反的断言,接受相同的参数。

例 A.21: assertFalse() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class FalseTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertFalse(true);
}
}
?>
phpunit FalseTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 5.00Mb There was 1 failure: 1) FalseTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that true is false. /home/sb/FalseTest.php:6 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 1, Failures: 1.

assertFileEquals()

assertFileEquals(string $expected, string $actual[, string $message = ''])

$expected 所指定的文件与 $actual 所指定的文件内容不同时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

assertFileNotEquals() 是与之相反的断言,接受相同的参数。

例 A.22: assertFileEquals() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class FileEqualsTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertFileEquals('/home/sb/expected', '/home/sb/actual');
}
}
?>
phpunit FileEqualsTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 5.25Mb There was 1 failure: 1) FileEqualsTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that two strings are equal.
--- Expected
+++ Actual
@@ @@
-'expected
+'actual
' /home/sb/FileEqualsTest.php:6 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 3, Failures: 1.

assertFileExists()

assertFileExists(string $filename[, string $message = ''])

$filename 所指定的文件不存在时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

assertFileNotExists() 是与之相反的断言,接受相同的参数。

例 A.23: assertFileExists() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class FileExistsTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertFileExists('/path/to/file');
}
}
?>
phpunit FileExistsTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 4.75Mb There was 1 failure: 1) FileExistsTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that file "/path/to/file" exists. /home/sb/FileExistsTest.php:6 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 1, Failures: 1.

assertFileIsReadable()

assertFileIsReadable(string $filename[, string $message = ''])

$filename 所指定的文件不是个文件或不可读时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

assertFileNotIsReadable() 是与之相反的断言,并接受相同的参数。

例 A.24: assertFileIsReadable() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class FileIsReadableTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertFileIsReadable('/path/to/file');
}
}
?>
phpunit FileIsReadableTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 4.75Mb There was 1 failure: 1) FileIsReadableTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that "/path/to/file" is readable. /home/sb/FileIsReadableTest.php:6 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 1, Failures: 1.

assertFileIsWritable()

assertFileIsWritable(string $filename[, string $message = ''])

$filename 所指定的文件不是个文件或不可写时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

assertFileNotIsWritable() 是与之相反的断言,并接受相同的参数。

例 A.25: assertFileIsWritable() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class FileIsWritableTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertFileIsWritable('/path/to/file');
}
}
?>
phpunit FileIsWritableTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 4.75Mb There was 1 failure: 1) FileIsWritableTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that "/path/to/file" is writable. /home/sb/FileIsWritableTest.php:6 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 1, Failures: 1.

assertGreaterThan()

assertGreaterThan(mixed $expected, mixed $actual[, string $message = ''])

$actual 的值不大于 $expected 的值时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

assertAttributeGreaterThan() 是便捷包装(convenience wrapper),以某个类或对象的某个 publicprotectedprivate 属性作为实际值来进行比较。

例 A.26: assertGreaterThan() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class GreaterThanTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertGreaterThan(2, 1);
}
}
?>
phpunit GreaterThanTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 5.00Mb There was 1 failure: 1) GreaterThanTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that 1 is greater than 2. /home/sb/GreaterThanTest.php:6 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 1, Failures: 1.

assertGreaterThanOrEqual()

assertGreaterThanOrEqual(mixed $expected, mixed $actual[, string $message = ''])

$actual 的值不大于且不等于 $expected 的值时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

assertAttributeGreaterThanOrEqual() 是便捷包装(convenience wrapper),以某个类或对象的某个 publicprotectedprivate 属性作为实际值来进行比较。

例 A.27: assertGreaterThanOrEqual() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class GreatThanOrEqualTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertGreaterThanOrEqual(2, 1);
}
}
?>
phpunit GreaterThanOrEqualTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 5.25Mb There was 1 failure: 1) GreatThanOrEqualTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that 1 is equal to 2 or is greater than 2. /home/sb/GreaterThanOrEqualTest.php:6 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 2, Failures: 1.

assertInfinite()

assertInfinite(mixed $variable[, string $message = ''])

$actual 不是 INF 时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

assertFinite() 是与之相反的断言,接受相同的参数。

例 A.28: assertInfinite() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class InfiniteTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertInfinite(1);
}
}
?>
phpunit InfiniteTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 5.00Mb There was 1 failure: 1) InfiniteTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that 1 is infinite. /home/sb/InfiniteTest.php:6 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 1, Failures: 1.

assertInstanceOf()

assertInstanceOf($expected, $actual[, $message = ''])

$actual 不是 $expected 的实例时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

assertNotInstanceOf() 是与之相反的断言,接受相同的参数。

assertAttributeInstanceOf()assertAttributeNotInstanceOf() 是便捷包装(convenience wrapper),可以应用于某个类或对象的某个 publicprotectedprivate 属性。

例 A.29: assertInstanceOf() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class InstanceOfTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertInstanceOf(RuntimeException::class, new Exception);
}
}
?>
phpunit InstanceOfTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 5.00Mb There was 1 failure: 1) InstanceOfTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that Exception Object (...) is an instance of class "RuntimeException". /home/sb/InstanceOfTest.php:6 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 1, Failures: 1.

assertInternalType()

assertInternalType($expected, $actual[, $message = ''])

$actual 不是 $expected 所指明的类型时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

assertNotInternalType() 是与之相反的断言,接受相同的参数。

assertAttributeInternalType()assertAttributeNotInternalType() 是便捷包装(convenience wrapper),可以应用于某个类或对象的某个 publicprotectedprivate 属性。

例 A.30: assertInternalType() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class InternalTypeTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertInternalType('string', 42);
}
}
?>
phpunit InternalTypeTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 5.00Mb There was 1 failure: 1) InternalTypeTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that 42 is of type "string". /home/sb/InternalTypeTest.php:6 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 1, Failures: 1.

assertIsReadable()

assertIsReadable(string $filename[, string $message = ''])

$filename 所指定的文件或目录不可读时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

assertNotIsReadable() 是与之相反的断言,并接受相同的参数。

例 A.31: assertIsReadable() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class IsReadableTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertIsReadable('/path/to/unreadable');
}
}
?>
phpunit IsReadableTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 4.75Mb There was 1 failure: 1) IsReadableTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that "/path/to/unreadable" is readable. /home/sb/IsReadableTest.php:6 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 1, Failures: 1.

assertIsWritable()

assertIsWritable(string $filename[, string $message = ''])

$filename 所指定的文件或目录不可写时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

assertNotIsWritable() 是与之相反的断言,并接受相同的参数。

例 A.32: assertIsWritable() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class IsWritableTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertIsWritable('/path/to/unwritable');
}
}
?>
phpunit IsWritableTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 4.75Mb There was 1 failure: 1) IsWritableTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that "/path/to/unwritable" is writable. /home/sb/IsWritableTest.php:6 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 1, Failures: 1.

assertJsonFileEqualsJsonFile()

assertJsonFileEqualsJsonFile(mixed $expectedFile, mixed $actualFile[, string $message = ''])

$actualFile 对应的值与 $expectedFile 对应的值不匹配时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

例 A.33: assertJsonFileEqualsJsonFile() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class JsonFileEqualsJsonFileTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertJsonFileEqualsJsonFile(
'path/to/fixture/file', 'path/to/actual/file');
}
}
?>
phpunit JsonFileEqualsJsonFileTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 5.00Mb There was 1 failure: 1) JsonFileEqualsJsonFile::testFailure
Failed asserting that '{"Mascot":"Tux"}' matches JSON string "["Mascott", "Tux", "OS", "Linux"]". /home/sb/JsonFileEqualsJsonFileTest.php:5 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 3, Failures: 1.

assertJsonStringEqualsJsonFile()

assertJsonStringEqualsJsonFile(mixed $expectedFile, mixed $actualJson[, string $message = ''])

$actualJson 对应的值与 $expectedFile 对应的值不匹配时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

例 A.34: assertJsonStringEqualsJsonFile() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class JsonStringEqualsJsonFileTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertJsonStringEqualsJsonFile(
'path/to/fixture/file', json_encode(['Mascot' => 'ux'])
);
}
}
?>
phpunit JsonStringEqualsJsonFileTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 5.00Mb There was 1 failure: 1) JsonStringEqualsJsonFile::testFailure
Failed asserting that '{"Mascot":"ux"}' matches JSON string "{"Mascott":"Tux"}". /home/sb/JsonStringEqualsJsonFileTest.php:5 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 3, Failures: 1.

assertJsonStringEqualsJsonString()

assertJsonStringEqualsJsonString(mixed $expectedJson, mixed $actualJson[, string $message = ''])

$actualJson 对应的值与 $expectedJson 对应的值不匹配时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

例 A.35: assertJsonStringEqualsJsonString() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class JsonStringEqualsJsonStringTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertJsonStringEqualsJsonString(
json_encode(['Mascot' => 'Tux']),
json_encode(['Mascot' => 'ux'])
);
}
}
?>
phpunit JsonStringEqualsJsonStringTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 5.00Mb There was 1 failure: 1) JsonStringEqualsJsonStringTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that two objects are equal.
--- Expected
+++ Actual
@@ @@
stdClass Object (
- 'Mascot' => 'Tux'
+ 'Mascot' => 'ux'
) /home/sb/JsonStringEqualsJsonStringTest.php:5 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 3, Failures: 1.

assertLessThan()

assertLessThan(mixed $expected, mixed $actual[, string $message = ''])

$actual 的值不小于 $expected 的值时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

assertAttributeLessThan() 是便捷包装(convenience wrapper),以某个类或对象的某个 publicprotectedprivate 属性作为实际值来进行比较。

例 A.36: assertLessThan() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class LessThanTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertLessThan(1, 2);
}
}
?>
phpunit LessThanTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 5.00Mb There was 1 failure: 1) LessThanTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that 2 is less than 1. /home/sb/LessThanTest.php:6 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 1, Failures: 1.

assertLessThanOrEqual()

assertLessThanOrEqual(mixed $expected, mixed $actual[, string $message = ''])

$actual 的值不小于且不等于 $expected 的值时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

assertAttributeLessThanOrEqual() 是便捷包装(convenience wrapper),以某个类或对象的某个 publicprotectedprivate 属性作为实际值来进行比较。

例 A.37: assertLessThanOrEqual() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class LessThanOrEqualTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertLessThanOrEqual(1, 2);
}
}
?>
phpunit LessThanOrEqualTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 5.25Mb There was 1 failure: 1) LessThanOrEqualTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that 2 is equal to 1 or is less than 1. /home/sb/LessThanOrEqualTest.php:6 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 2, Failures: 1.

assertNan()

assertNan(mixed $variable[, string $message = ''])

$variable 不是 NAN 时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

例 A.38: assertNan() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class NanTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertNan(1);
}
}
?>
phpunit NanTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 5.00Mb There was 1 failure: 1) NanTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that 1 is nan. /home/sb/NanTest.php:6 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 1, Failures: 1.

assertNull()

assertNull(mixed $variable[, string $message = ''])

$actual 不是 null 时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

assertNotNull() 是与之相反的断言,接受相同的参数。

例 A.39: assertNull() 的使用

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class NullTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertNull('foo');
}
}
?>
phpunit NotNullTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 5.00Mb There was 1 failure: 1) NullTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that 'foo' is null. /home/sb/NotNullTest.php:6 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 1, Failures: 1.

assertObjectHasAttribute()

assertObjectHasAttribute(string $attributeName, object $object[, string $message = ''])

$object->attributeName 不存在时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

assertObjectNotHasAttribute() 是与之相反的断言,接受相同的参数。

例 A.40: assertObjectHasAttribute() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class ObjectHasAttributeTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertObjectHasAttribute('foo', new stdClass);
}
}
?>
phpunit ObjectHasAttributeTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 4.75Mb There was 1 failure: 1) ObjectHasAttributeTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that object of class "stdClass" has attribute "foo". /home/sb/ObjectHasAttributeTest.php:6 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 1, Failures: 1.

assertRegExp()

assertRegExp(string $pattern, string $string[, string $message = ''])

$string 不匹配于正则表达式 $pattern 时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

assertNotRegExp() 是与之相反的断言,接受相同的参数。

例 A.41: assertRegExp() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class RegExpTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertRegExp('/foo/', 'bar');
}
}
?>
phpunit RegExpTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 5.00Mb There was 1 failure: 1) RegExpTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that 'bar' matches PCRE pattern "/foo/". /home/sb/RegExpTest.php:6 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 1, Failures: 1.

assertStringMatchesFormat()

assertStringMatchesFormat(string $format, string $string[, string $message = ''])

$string 不匹配于 $format 定义的格式时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

assertStringNotMatchesFormat() 是与之相反的断言,接受相同的参数。

例 A.42: assertStringMatchesFormat() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class StringMatchesFormatTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertStringMatchesFormat('%i', 'foo');
}
}
?>
phpunit StringMatchesFormatTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 5.00Mb There was 1 failure: 1) StringMatchesFormatTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that 'foo' matches PCRE pattern "/^[+-]?\d+$/s". /home/sb/StringMatchesFormatTest.php:6 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 1, Failures: 1.

格式定义字符串中可以使用如下占位符:

  • %e:表示目录分隔符,例如在 Linux 系统中是 /

  • %s:一个或多个除了换行符以外的任意字符(非空白字符或者空白字符)。

  • %S:零个或多个除了换行符以外的任意字符(非空白字符或者空白字符)。

  • %a:一个或多个包括换行符在内的任意字符(非空白字符或者空白字符)。

  • %A:零个或多个包括换行符在内的任意字符(非空白字符或者空白字符)。

  • %w:零个或多个空白字符。

  • %i:带符号整数值,例如 +3142-3142

  • %d:无符号整数值,例如 123456

  • %x:一个或多个十六进制字符。所谓十六进制字符,指的是在以下范围内的字符:0-9a-fA-F

  • %f:浮点数,例如 3.142-3.1423.142E-103.142e+10

  • %c:单个任意字符。

assertStringMatchesFormatFile()

assertStringMatchesFormatFile(string $formatFile, string $string[, string $message = ''])

$string 不匹配于 $formatFile 的内容所定义的格式时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

assertStringNotMatchesFormatFile() 是与之相反的断言,接受相同的参数。

例 A.43: assertStringMatchesFormatFile() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class StringMatchesFormatFileTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertStringMatchesFormatFile('/path/to/expected.txt', 'foo');
}
}
?>
phpunit StringMatchesFormatFileTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 5.00Mb There was 1 failure: 1) StringMatchesFormatFileTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that 'foo' matches PCRE pattern "/^[+-]?\d+
$/s". /home/sb/StringMatchesFormatFileTest.php:6 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 2, Failures: 1.

assertSame()

assertSame(mixed $expected, mixed $actual[, string $message = ''])

当两个变量 $expected$actual 的值与类型不完全相同时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

assertNotSame() 是与之相反的断言,接受相同的参数。

assertAttributeSame()assertAttributeNotSame() 是便捷包装(convenience wrapper),以某个类或对象的某个 publicprotectedprivate 属性作为实际值来进行比较。

例 A.44: assertSame() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class SameTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertSame('2204', 2204);
}
}
?>
phpunit SameTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 5.00Mb There was 1 failure: 1) SameTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that 2204 is identical to '2204'. /home/sb/SameTest.php:6 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 1, Failures: 1.

assertSame(object $expected, object $actual[, string $message = ''])

当两个变量 $expected$actual 不是指向同一个对象的引用时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

例 A.45: assertSame() 应用于对象时的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class SameTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertSame(new stdClass, new stdClass);
}
}
?>
phpunit SameTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 4.75Mb There was 1 failure: 1) SameTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that two variables reference the same object. /home/sb/SameTest.php:6 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 1, Failures: 1.

assertStringEndsWith()

assertStringEndsWith(string $suffix, string $string[, string $message = ''])

$string 不以 $suffix 结尾时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

assertStringEndsNotWith() 是与之相反的断言,接受相同的参数。

例 A.46: assertStringEndsWith() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class StringEndsWithTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertStringEndsWith('suffix', 'foo');
}
}
?>
phpunit StringEndsWithTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 1 second, Memory: 5.00Mb There was 1 failure: 1) StringEndsWithTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that 'foo' ends with "suffix". /home/sb/StringEndsWithTest.php:6 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 1, Failures: 1.

assertStringEqualsFile()

assertStringEqualsFile(string $expectedFile, string $actualString[, string $message = ''])

$expectedFile 所指定的文件其内容不是 $actualString 时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

assertStringNotEqualsFile() 是与之相反的断言,接受相同的参数。

例 A.47: assertStringEqualsFile() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class StringEqualsFileTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertStringEqualsFile('/home/sb/expected', 'actual');
}
}
?>
phpunit StringEqualsFileTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 5.25Mb There was 1 failure: 1) StringEqualsFileTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that two strings are equal.
--- Expected
+++ Actual
@@ @@
-'expected
-'
+'actual' /home/sb/StringEqualsFileTest.php:6 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 2, Failures: 1.

assertStringStartsWith()

assertStringStartsWith(string $prefix, string $string[, string $message = ''])

$string 不以 $prefix 开头时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

assertStringStartsNotWith() 是与之相反的断言,并接受相同的参数。

例 A.48: assertStringStartsWith() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class StringStartsWithTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertStringStartsWith('prefix', 'foo');
}
}
?>
phpunit StringStartsWithTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 5.00Mb There was 1 failure: 1) StringStartsWithTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that 'foo' starts with "prefix". /home/sb/StringStartsWithTest.php:6 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 1, Failures: 1.

assertThat()

可以用 PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint 类来订立更加复杂的断言。随后可以用 assertThat() 方法来评定这些断言。例 A.49 展示了如何用 logicalNot()equalTo() 约束条件来表达与 assertNotEquals() 等价的断言。

assertThat(mixed $value, PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint $constraint[, $message = ''])

$value 不符合约束条件 $constraint 时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

例 A.49: assertThat() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class BiscuitTest extends TestCase
{
public function testEquals()
{
$theBiscuit = new Biscuit('Ginger');
$myBiscuit = new Biscuit('Ginger'); $this->assertThat(
$theBiscuit,
$this->logicalNot(
$this->equalTo($myBiscuit)
)
);
}
}
?>

表 A.1列举了所有可用的 PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint 类。

表 A.1. 约束条件

约束条件 含义
PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint_Attribute attribute(PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint $constraint, $attributeName) 此约束将另外一个约束应用于某个类或对象的某个属性。
PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint_IsAnything anything() 此约束接受任意输入值。
PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint_ArrayHasKey arrayHasKey(mixed $key) 此约束断言所评定的数组拥有指定键名。
PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint_TraversableContains contains(mixed $value) 此约束断言所评定的 array 或实现了 Iterator 接口的对象包含有给定值。
PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint_TraversableContainsOnly containsOnly(string $type) 此约束断言所评定的 array 或实现了 Iterator 接口的对象仅包含给定类型的值。
PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint_TraversableContainsOnly containsOnlyInstancesOf(string $classname) 此约束断言所评定的 array 或实现了 Iterator 接口的对象仅包含给定类名的类的实例。
PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint_IsEqual equalTo($value, $delta = 0, $maxDepth = 10) 此约束检验一个值是否等于另外一个。
PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint_Attribute attributeEqualTo($attributeName, $value, $delta = 0, $maxDepth = 10) 此约束检验一个值是否等于某个类或对象的某个属性。
PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint_DirectoryExists directoryExists() 此约束检验所评定的目录是否存在。
PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint_FileExists fileExists() 此约束检验所评定的文件名对应的文件是否存在。
PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint_IsReadable isReadable() 此约束检验所评定的文件名对应的文件是否可读。
PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint_IsWritable isWritable() 此约束检验所评定的文件名对应的文件是否可写。
PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint_GreaterThan greaterThan(mixed $value) 此约束断言所评定的值大于给定值。
PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint_Or greaterThanOrEqual(mixed $value) 此约束断言所评定的值大于或等于给定值。
PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint_ClassHasAttribute classHasAttribute(string $attributeName) 此约束断言所评定的类具有给定属性。
PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint_ClassHasStaticAttribute classHasStaticAttribute(string $attributeName) 此约束断言所评定的类具有给定静态属性。
PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint_ObjectHasAttribute hasAttribute(string $attributeName) 此约束断言所评定的对象具有给定属性。
PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint_IsIdentical identicalTo(mixed $value) 此约束断言所评定的值与另外一个值全等。
PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint_IsFalse isFalse() 此约束断言所评定的值为 false
PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint_IsInstanceOf isInstanceOf(string $className) 此约束断言所评定的对象是给定类的实例。
PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint_IsNull isNull() 此约束断言所评定的值为 null
PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint_IsTrue isTrue() 此约束断言所评定的值为 true
PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint_IsType isType(string $type) 此约束断言所评定的值是指定类型的。
PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint_LessThan lessThan(mixed $value) 此约束断言所评定的值小于给定值。
PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint_Or lessThanOrEqual(mixed $value) 此约束断言所评定的值小于或等于给定值。
logicalAnd() 逻辑与(AND)。
logicalNot(PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint $constraint) 逻辑非(NOT)。
logicalOr() 逻辑或(OR)。
logicalXor() 逻辑异或(XOR)。
PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint_PCREMatch matchesRegularExpression(string $pattern) 此约束断言所评定的字符串匹配于正则表达式。
PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint_StringContains stringContains(string $string, bool $case) 此约束断言所评定的字符串包含指定字符串。
PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint_StringEndsWith stringEndsWith(string $suffix) 此约束断言所评定的字符串以给定后缀结尾。
PHPUnit_Framework_Constraint_StringStartsWith stringStartsWith(string $prefix) 此约束断言所评定的字符串以给定前缀开头。

assertTrue()

assertTrue(bool $condition[, string $message = ''])

$conditionfalse 时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

assertNotTrue() 是与之相反的断言,接受相同的参数。

例 A.50: assertTrue() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class TrueTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertTrue(false);
}
}
?>
phpunit TrueTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 5.00Mb There was 1 failure: 1) TrueTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that false is true. /home/sb/TrueTest.php:6 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 1, Failures: 1.

assertXmlFileEqualsXmlFile()

assertXmlFileEqualsXmlFile(string $expectedFile, string $actualFile[, string $message = ''])

$actualFile 对应的 XML 文档与 $expectedFile 对应的 XML 文档不相同时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

assertXmlFileNotEqualsXmlFile() 是与之相反的断言,接受相同的参数。

例 A.51: assertXmlFileEqualsXmlFile() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class XmlFileEqualsXmlFileTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertXmlFileEqualsXmlFile(
'/home/sb/expected.xml', '/home/sb/actual.xml');
}
}
?>
phpunit XmlFileEqualsXmlFileTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 5.25Mb There was 1 failure: 1) XmlFileEqualsXmlFileTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that two DOM documents are equal.
--- Expected
+++ Actual
@@ @@
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<foo>
- <bar/>
+ <baz/>
</foo> /home/sb/XmlFileEqualsXmlFileTest.php:7 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 3, Failures: 1.

assertXmlStringEqualsXmlFile()

assertXmlStringEqualsXmlFile(string $expectedFile, string $actualXml[, string $message = ''])

$actualXml 对应的 XML 文档与 $expectedFile 对应的 XML 文档不相同时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

assertXmlStringNotEqualsXmlFile() 是与之相反的断言,并接受相同的参数。

例 A.52: assertXmlStringEqualsXmlFile() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class XmlStringEqualsXmlFileTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertXmlStringEqualsXmlFile(
'/home/sb/expected.xml', '<foo><baz/></foo>');
}
}
?>
phpunit XmlStringEqualsXmlFileTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 5.25Mb There was 1 failure: 1) XmlStringEqualsXmlFileTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that two DOM documents are equal.
--- Expected
+++ Actual
@@ @@
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<foo>
- <bar/>
+ <baz/>
</foo> /home/sb/XmlStringEqualsXmlFileTest.php:7 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 2, Failures: 1.

assertXmlStringEqualsXmlString()

assertXmlStringEqualsXmlString(string $expectedXml, string $actualXml[, string $message = ''])

$actualXml 对应的 XML 文档与 $expectedXml 对应的 XML 文档不相同时报告错误,错误讯息由 $message 指定。

assertXmlStringNotEqualsXmlString() 是与之相反的断言,接受相同的参数。

例 A.53: assertXmlStringEqualsXmlString() 的用法

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase; class XmlStringEqualsXmlStringTest extends TestCase
{
public function testFailure()
{
$this->assertXmlStringEqualsXmlString(
'<foo><bar/></foo>', '<foo><baz/></foo>');
}
}
?>
phpunit XmlStringEqualsXmlStringTest
PHPUnit 5.7.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. F Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 5.00Mb There was 1 failure: 1) XmlStringEqualsXmlStringTest::testFailure
Failed asserting that two DOM documents are equal.
--- Expected
+++ Actual
@@ @@
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<foo>
- <bar/>
+ <baz/>
</foo> /home/sb/XmlStringEqualsXmlStringTest.php:7 FAILURES!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 1, Failures: 1.
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