k8s之Service详解-Ingress使用

2024-01-29 17:27:34

环境准备

搭建ingress环境

#创建文件夹
[root@master ~]# mkdir ingress-controller
[root@master ~]# cd ingress-controller/
[root@master ingress-controller]# 

#获取ingress-nginx，本次案例使用的是0.30版本（不挂代理可能无法访问，这里我把yaml文件内容复制上来，需要的可以自行复制粘贴）
[root@master ingress-controller]# wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/ingress-nginx/nginx-0.30.0/deploy/static/mandatory.yaml
[root@master ingress-controller]# wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/ingress-nginx/nginx-0.30.0/deploy/static/provider/baremetal/service-nodeport.yaml
[root@master ingress-controller]# ls
mandatory.yaml service-nodeport.yaml

mandatory.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
  name: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx

---

kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: nginx-configuration
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx

---
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: tcp-services
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx

---
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: udp-services
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx

---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: nginx-ingress-serviceaccount
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx

---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
  name: nginx-ingress-clusterrole
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
rules:
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - configmaps
      - endpoints
      - nodes
      - pods
      - secrets
    verbs:
      - list
      - watch
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - nodes
    verbs:
      - get
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - services
    verbs:
      - get
      - list
      - watch
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - events
    verbs:
      - create
      - patch
  - apiGroups:
      - "extensions"
      - "networking.k8s.io"
    resources:
      - ingresses
    verbs:
      - get
      - list
      - watch
  - apiGroups:
      - "extensions"
      - "networking.k8s.io"
    resources:
      - ingresses/status
    verbs:
      - update

---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: Role
metadata:
  name: nginx-ingress-role
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
rules:
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - configmaps
      - pods
      - secrets
      - namespaces
    verbs:
      - get
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - configmaps
    resourceNames:
      # Defaults to "<election-id>-<ingress-class>"
      # Here: "<ingress-controller-leader>-<nginx>"
      # This has to be adapted if you change either parameter
      # when launching the nginx-ingress-controller.
      - "ingress-controller-leader-nginx"
    verbs:
      - get
      - update
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - configmaps
    verbs:
      - create
  - apiGroups:
      - ""
    resources:
      - endpoints
    verbs:
      - get

---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
  name: nginx-ingress-role-nisa-binding
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: Role
  name: nginx-ingress-role
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: nginx-ingress-serviceaccount
    namespace: ingress-nginx

---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: nginx-ingress-clusterrole-nisa-binding
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: nginx-ingress-clusterrole
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: nginx-ingress-serviceaccount
    namespace: ingress-nginx

---

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: nginx-ingress-controller
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
      app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
        app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
      annotations:
        prometheus.io/port: "10254"
        prometheus.io/scrape: "true"
    spec:
      # wait up to five minutes for the drain of connections
      terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 300
      serviceAccountName: nginx-ingress-serviceaccount
      nodeSelector:
        kubernetes.io/os: linux
      containers:
        - name: nginx-ingress-controller
          image: quay.io/kubernetes-ingress-controller/nginx-ingress-controller:0.30.0
          args:
            - /nginx-ingress-controller
            - --configmap=$(POD_NAMESPACE)/nginx-configuration
            - --tcp-services-configmap=$(POD_NAMESPACE)/tcp-services
            - --udp-services-configmap=$(POD_NAMESPACE)/udp-services
            - --publish-service=$(POD_NAMESPACE)/ingress-nginx
            - --annotations-prefix=nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io
          securityContext:
            allowPrivilegeEscalation: true
            capabilities:
              drop:
                - ALL
              add:
                - NET_BIND_SERVICE
            # www-data -> 101
            runAsUser: 101
          env:
            - name: POD_NAME
              valueFrom:
                fieldRef:
                  fieldPath: metadata.name
            - name: POD_NAMESPACE
              valueFrom:
                fieldRef:
                  fieldPath: metadata.namespace
          ports:
            - name: http
              containerPort: 80
              protocol: TCP
            - name: https
              containerPort: 443
              protocol: TCP
          livenessProbe:
            failureThreshold: 3
            httpGet:
              path: /healthz
              port: 10254
              scheme: HTTP
            initialDelaySeconds: 10
            periodSeconds: 10
            successThreshold: 1
            timeoutSeconds: 10
          readinessProbe:
            failureThreshold: 3
            httpGet:
              path: /healthz
              port: 10254
              scheme: HTTP
            periodSeconds: 10
            successThreshold: 1
            timeoutSeconds: 10
          lifecycle:
            preStop:
              exec:
                command:
                  - /wait-shutdown

---

apiVersion: v1
kind: LimitRange
metadata:
  name: ingress-nginx
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
spec:
  limits:
  - min:
      memory: 90Mi
      cpu: 100m
    type: Container

View Code

service-nodeport.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: ingress-nginx
  namespace: ingress-nginx
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
spec:
  type: NodePort
  ports:
    - name: http
      port: 80
      targetPort: 80
      protocol: TCP
    - name: https
      port: 443
      targetPort: 443
      protocol: TCP
  selector:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
    app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx

---

View Code

#创建ingress-nginx
[root@master ingress-controller]# kubectl apply -f ./
namespace/ingress-nginx created
configmap/nginx-configuration created
configmap/tcp-services created
configmap/udp-services created
serviceaccount/nginx-ingress-serviceaccount created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/nginx-ingress-clusterrole created
role.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/nginx-ingress-role created
rolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/nginx-ingress-role-nisa-binding created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/nginx-ingress-clusterrole-nisa-binding created
deployment.apps/nginx-ingress-controller created
limitrange/ingress-nginx created
service/ingress-nginx created

#查看ingress-nginx
[root@master ingress-controller]# kubectl get pod -n ingress-nginx
NAME                                        READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
nginx-ingress-controller-7f74f657bd-kzvrq   1/1     Running   0          2m7s

#查看service
[root@master ingress-controller]# kubectl get svc -n ingress-nginx
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
ingress-nginx NodePort 10.106.160.9 <none> 80:32000/TCP,443:32421/TCP 5m48s

准备service和pod

为了方便后续的实验，创建下图所示的模型

创建tomcat-nginx.yaml

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata: 
  name: nginx-deployment
  namespace: dev
spec:
  replicas: 3
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: nginx-pod
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: nginx-pod
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: nginx
        image: nginx:1.17.1
        ports: 
        - containerPort: 80

---

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata: 
  name: tomcat-deployment
  namespace: dev
spec:
  replicas: 3
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: tomcat-pod
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: tomcat-pod
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: tomcat
        image: tomcat:8.5-jre10-slim
        ports: 
        - containerPort: 8080

---

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata: 
  name: nginx-service
  namespace: dev
spec:
  selector:
    app: nginx-pod
  clusterIP: None
  type: ClusterIP
  ports:
  - port: 80
    targetPort: 80

---

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata: 
  name: tomcat-service
  namespace: dev
spec:
  selector:
    app: tomcat-pod
  clusterIP: None
  type: ClusterIP
  ports:
  - port: 8080
    targetPort: 8080

View Code

使用配置文件

[root@master ingress-controller]# cd ..
[root@master ~]# vim tomcat-nginx.yaml
[root@master ~]# kubectl create -f tomcat-nginx.yaml 
deployment.apps/nginx-deployment created
deployment.apps/tomcat-deployment created
service/nginx-service created
service/tomcat-service created
[root@master ~]# kubectl get svc -n dev
NAME             TYPE        CLUSTER-IP   EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)    AGE
nginx-service    ClusterIP   None         <none>        80/TCP     20s
tomcat-service   ClusterIP   None         <none>        8080/TCP   20s

Http代理

创建ingress-http.yaml

apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  name: ingress-http
  namespace: dev
spec:
  rules:
  - host: nginx.test.com
    http:
      paths:
      - path: /
        backend:
          serviceName: nginx-service
          servicePort: 80
  - host: tomcat.test.com
    http:
      paths:
      - path: /
        backend:
          serviceName: tomcat-service
          servicePort: 8080

使用配置文件

[root@master ~]# vim ingress-http.yaml

[root@master ~]# kubectl create -f ingress-http.yaml 
ingress.extensions/ingress-http created

[root@master ~]# kubectl get ing ingress-http -n dev
NAME           HOSTS                            ADDRESS   PORTS   AGE
ingress-http   nginx.test.com,tomcat.test.com             80      13s

[root@master ~]# kubectl describe ing ingress-http -n dev
Name:             ingress-http
Namespace:        dev
Address:          10.106.160.9
Default backend:  default-http-backend:80 (<none>)
Rules:
  Host             Path  Backends
  ----             ----  --------
  nginx.test.com   
                   /   nginx-service:80 (10.244.1.33:80,10.244.2.13:80,10.244.2.16:80)
  tomcat.test.com  
                   /   tomcat-service:8080 (10.244.2.14:8080,10.244.2.17:8080,10.244.2.18:8080)
Annotations:
  kubectl.kubernetes.io/last-applied-configuration:  {"apiVersion":"extensions/v1beta1","kind":"Ingress","metadata":{"annotations":{},"name":"ingress-http","namespace":"dev"},"spec":{"rules":[{"host":"nginx.test.com","http":{"paths":[{"backend":{"serviceName":"nginx-service","servicePort":80},"path":"/"}]}},{"host":"tomcat.test.com","http":{"paths":[{"backend":{"serviceName":"tomcat-service","servicePort":8080},"path":"/"}]}}]}}

Events:
  Type    Reason  Age                From                      Message
  ----    ------  ----               ----                      -------
  Normal  CREATE  18m                nginx-ingress-controller  Ingress dev/ingress-http
  Normal  UPDATE  38s (x2 over 18m)  nginx-ingress-controller  Ingress dev/ingress-http

修改本机的hosts文件（位置：C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc），添加如下内容

master虚拟机的IP地址    nginx.test.com
masete虚拟机的IP地址    tomcat.test.com

查看ingress为service提供的端口号

[root@master ~]# kubectl get svc -n ingress-nginx
NAME            TYPE       CLUSTER-IP     EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)                      AGE
ingress-nginx   NodePort   10.106.160.9   <none>        80:32000/TCP,443:32421/TCP   95m

在浏览器中测试访问,发现能够访问通

nginx：

tomcat：

Https代理

创建证书

[root@master ~]# openssl req -x509 -sha256 -nodes -days 365 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout tls.key -out tls.crt -subj "/C=CN/ST=BJ/L=BJ/O=nginx/CN=test.com"
Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key
............................+++
..............................+++
writing new private key to 'tls.key'
-----

创建密钥

[root@master ~]# kubectl create secret tls tls-secret --key tls.key --cert tls.crt
secret/tls-secret created

创建ingress-https.yaml

apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  name: ingress-https
  namespace: dev
spec:
  tls:
    - hosts:
      - nginx.test.com
      - tomcat.test.com
      secretName: tls-secret  #指定密钥
  rules:
  - host: nginx.test.com
    http:
      paths:
      - path: /
        backend:
          serviceName: nginx-service
          servicePort: 80
  - host: tomcat.test.com
    http:
      paths:
      - path: /
        backend:
          serviceName: tomcat-service
          servicePort: 8080

使用配置文件

[root@master ~]# vim ingress-https.yaml
[root@master ~]# kubectl create -f ingress-https.yaml 
ingress.extensions/ingress-https created

[root@master ~]# kubectl get ing ingress-https -n dev
NAME            HOSTS                            ADDRESS        PORTS     AGE
ingress-https   nginx.test.com,tomcat.test.com   10.106.160.9   80, 443   52s

[root@master ~]# kubectl describe ing ingress-https -n dev
Name:             ingress-https
Namespace:        dev
Address:          10.106.160.9
Default backend:  default-http-backend:80 (<none>)
TLS:
  tls-secret terminates nginx.test.com,tomcat.test.com
Rules:
  Host             Path  Backends
  ----             ----  --------
  nginx.test.com   
                   /   nginx-service:80 (10.244.1.33:80,10.244.2.13:80,10.244.2.16:80)
  tomcat.test.com  
                   /   tomcat-service:8080 (10.244.2.14:8080,10.244.2.17:8080,10.244.2.18:8080)
Annotations:
Events:
  Type    Reason  Age   From                      Message
  ----    ------  ----  ----                      -------
  Normal  CREATE  79s   nginx-ingress-controller  Ingress dev/ingress-https
  Normal  UPDATE  38s   nginx-ingress-controller  Ingress dev/ingress-https

获取端口，左边的是http使用的端口，右边是https使用的端口，因此要使用的端口是32421

[root@master ~]# kubectl get svc -n ingress-nginx
NAME            TYPE       CLUSTER-IP     EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)                      AGE
ingress-nginx   NodePort   10.106.160.9   <none>        80:32000/TCP,443:32421/TCP   129m

使用浏览器访问

nginx:

tomcat:

码农公寓

环境准备

搭建ingress环境

准备service和pod

Http代理

Https代理

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