一切从0开始，我也是个小白：
1.检查你的系统是不是高于3.8的内核，如果没有请升级CentOS7或者Ubuntu 14
#uname -a
2.CentOS7下安装docker
#yum -y install docker
3.查看docker版本
#docker version
4.启动docker服务
#docker service start
5.查看本地镜像
#docker images
6.如果没有本地镜像，可以下载一个centos7的镜像来作为基础运行环境
#docker pull centos:7.2.1511
7.再次查看本地镜像
#docker images
- REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
- docker.io/centos 7.2.1511 feac5e0dfdb2 8 months ago 194.6 MB
8.在本地先备好jdk和tomcat，此处采用jdk1.7和tomcat7
#cd /root/software/
#wget http://zhibo100.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/software/jdk-7u79-linux-x64.tar.gz
#wget http://zhibo100.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/software/apache-tomcat-7.0.59.tar.gz
需要其他版本的jdk和tomcat操作方法类似。
9.挂载宿主主机到镜像容器的/mnt/software/下：
#docker run -i -t -v /root/software/:/mnt/software/ --privileged=true feac5e /bin/bash
10.进入到/mnt/software/下解压jdk和tomcat并将其移动到/opt/目录下
#cd /mnt/software/
#tar -zxvf jdk-7u79-linux-x64.tar.gz
#tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-7.0.59.tar.gz
#mv jdk1.7.0_79/ /opt/jdk
#mv apache-tomcat-7.0.59 /opt/tomcat
11.配置JAVA环境变量并检测
#vi ~/.bashrc
在文件末尾加上
export JAVA_HOME=/opt/jdk
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
保存退出
#source ~/.bashrc
#java -version
- java version "1.7.0_79"
- Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0_79-b15)
- Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 24.79-b02, mixed mode)
12.编写系统启动脚本并赋予权限
#vi /root/run.sh
加入以下代码
#!/bin/bash
source ~/.bashrc
sh /opt/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh run
#chmod u+x /root/run.sh
13.退出容器，并查看确认没有正在运行的容器
#exit
#docker ps
14.查询所有容器
#docker ps -a
- CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
- ee0ee8ac3a93 feac "/bin/bash" 13 minutes ago Exited (0) About a minute ago sad_noyce
15.根据当前的容器ID创建新的镜像
#docker commit ee0ee sdzn.com/tomcat:0.1
16.查看当前的镜像
#docker images
- REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
- sdzn.com/tomcat 0.1 af0647ada992 56 seconds ago 514.6 MB
- docker.io/centos 7.2.1511 feac5e0dfdb2 8 months ago 194.6 MB
17.以守护进程方式启动新的镜像并传入启动参数
#docker run -d -p 58080:8080 --name tomcat1 sdzn.com/tomcat:0.1 /root/run.sh
18.查看正在运行的镜像
#docker ps
- CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
- 10fe153d9d6d sdzn.com/tomcat:0.1 "/root/run.sh" 14 seconds ago Up 6 seconds 0.0.0.0:58080->8080/tcp tomcat1
19.访问镜像：
http://127.0.0.1:58080
20.停止容器并移除
#docker ps -a
- CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
- 148df39831f0 af "/bin/bash" 56 seconds ago Exited (2) 14 seconds ago admiring_kalam
- 10fe153d9d6d sdzn.com/tomcat:0.1 "/root/run.sh" 6 minutes ago Up 6 minutes 0.0.0.0:58080->8080/tcp tomcat1
- ee0ee8ac3a93 feac "/bin/bash" 25 minutes ago Exited (0) 13 minutes ago sad_noyce
#docker stop 10f
#docker ps -a
- CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
- 148df39831f0 af "/bin/bash" 2 minutes ago Exited (2) 2 minutes ago admiring_kalam
- 10fe153d9d6d sdzn.com/tomcat:0.1 "/root/run.sh" 8 minutes ago Exited (137) About a minute ago tomcat1
- ee0ee8ac3a93 feac "/bin/bash" 27 minutes ago Exited (0) 15 minutes ago sad_noyce
#docker images
- REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
- sdzn.com/tomcat 0.1 af0647ada992 12 minutes ago 514.6 MB
- docker.io/centos 7.2.1511 feac5e0dfdb2 8 months ago 194.6 MB
#docker start 10f
#docker ps
#docker stop 10f
#docker ps -a
- CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
- 148df39831f0 af "/bin/bash" 6 minutes ago Exited (2) 6 minutes ago admiring_kalam
- 10fe153d9d6d sdzn.com/tomcat:0.1 "/root/run.sh" 12 minutes ago Exited (137) 13 seconds ago tomcat1
- ee0ee8ac3a93 feac "/bin/bash" 31 minutes ago Exited (0) 19 minutes ago sad_noyce
#docker ps -a
- CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
- 10fe153d9d6d sdzn.com/tomcat:0.1 "/root/run.sh" 12 minutes ago Exited (137) 30 seconds ago tomcat1
- ee0ee8ac3a93 feac "/bin/bash" 31 minutes ago Exited (0) 19 minutes ago sad_noyce
#docker rm 10f
#docker rm ee0ee
21.移除已创建的镜像
#docker images
- REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
- sdzn.com/tomcat 0.1 af0647ada992 17 minutes ago 514.6 MB
- docker.io/centos 7.2.1511 feac5e0dfdb2 8 months ago 194.6 MB
#docker rmi af064
#docker images
- REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
- docker.io/centos 7.2.1511 feac5e0dfdb2 8 months ago 194.6 MB
至此结束，演示了从0开始搭环境，发布启动tomcat到清楚整个容器和镜像的完整过程。
后续如何配置多个项目公用一个tomcat的文章待续。
资料参考：
1.https://my.oschina.net/sunchp/blog/616526
2.http://blog.csdn.net/u011627980/article/details/51898234