HAproxy功能配置

author:JevonWei

版权声明:原创作品


环境

前端HAProxy 172.16.253.108
后端web1 172.16.253.105
后端web2 172.16.252.1
client 172.16.253.177

安装HAProxy

HAProxy

[root@HAProxy ~]# yum install haproxy -y
[root@HAProxy ~]# rpm -ql haproxy
[root@HAProxy ~]# iptables -F
[root@HAProxy ~]# setenforce 0
[root@HAProxy ~]# systemctl enable haproxy
[root@HAProxy ~]# cp /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg{,.bak}
[root@HAProxy ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg

web1

[root@web1 ~]# yum -y install httpd
[root@web1 ~]# vim /var/www/html/index.html
<h1> Backend Server 1 </h1>
[root@web1 ~]# cd /var/www/html/
[root@web1 html]# for i in {1..10}; do echo "Test Page $i @BES 1" > test$i.html;done
[root@web1 html]# ls
index.php test1.html test3.html test5.html test7.html test9.html
index.html test10.html test2.html test4.html test6.html test8.html
[root@web1 ~]# systemctl start httpd
[root@web1 ~]# setenforce 0
[root@web1 ~]# iptables -F

web 2

[root@web2 ~]# yum -y install httpd
[root@web2 ~]# vim /var/www/html/index.html
<h1> Backend Server 2 </h1>
[root@web2 ~]# cd /var/www/html/
[root@web2 html]# for i in {1..10}; do echo "Test Page $i @BES 1" > test$i.html;done
[root@web2 html]# ls
index.html test1.html test3.html test5.html test7.html test9.html
test10.html test2.html test4.html test6.html test8.html
[root@web2 ~]# service httpd start
[root@web2 ~]# setenforce 0
[root@web2 ~]# iptables -F

启用HAProxy的日志功能

HAProxy

[root@HAProxy ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
log 127.0.0.1 local2 \\日志的设备管道为local2,需在rsyslog配置文件中定义local2的日志设备
[root@HAProxy ~]# vim /etc/rsyslog.conf
$ModLoad imudp \\启用UDP协议接收日志
$UDPServerRun 514 \\UDP端口为514 local2.* /var/log/haproxy.log \\定义local2日志设备的文件为/var/log/haproxy.log
[root@HAProxy ~]# systemctl restart rsyslog.service
  • 重新配置frontend和backend字段

配置HAProxy

roundrobin算法
[root@HAProxy ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
frontend myweb \\定义HAProxy前段主机为myweb
bind *:80 \\监听主机上所有IP的80端口
default_backend websrvs \\默认后端主机为websrvs backend websrvs \\定义后端主机组
balance roundrobin \\调度算法为动态轮询
server srv1 172.16.253.105:80 check maxconn 3 \\172.16.253.105:80端口为后端主机srv1,check为检查服务器健康状态,maxconn 3最大并发连接数为3
server srv2 172.16.252.1:80 check \\定义172.16.252.1为websrv后端主机组中的srv2主机 uri算法
[root@HAProxy ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
frontend myweb \\定义HAProxy前段主机为myweb
bind *:80 \\监听主机上所有IP的80端口
default_backend websrvs \\默认后端主机为websrvs backend websrvs \\定义后端主机组
balance uri \\调度算法为uri
server srv1 172.16.253.105:80 check maxconn 3 \\172.16.253.105:80端口为后端主机srv1,check为检查服务器健康状态,maxconn 3最大并发连接数为3
server srv2 172.16.252.1:80 check \\定义172.16.252.1为websrv后端主机组中的srv2主机
hash-type consistent \\hash算法一致性 hdr算法(同一个浏览器访问相同的后端服务器)
[root@HAProxy ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
frontend myweb
frontend myweb
bind *:80
default_backend websrvs backend websrvs
balance hdr(User-Agent)
server srv1 172.16.253.105:80 check
server srv2 172.16.252.1:80 check
hash-type consistent [root@HAProxy ~]# systemctl start haproxy
[root@HAProxy ~]# systemctl enable haproxy
[root@HAProxy ~]# ss -tnl \\80端口以打开

client

访问HAProxy代理服务端

roundrobin算法
[root@client ~]# for i in {1..10};do curl http://172.16.253.108;done
<h1> Backend Server 1 </h1>
<h1> Backend Server 2 </h1>
<h1> Backend Server 1 </h1>
<h1> Backend Server 2 </h1>
<h1> Backend Server 1 </h1>
<h1> Backend Server 2 </h1>
<h1> Backend Server 1 </h1>
<h1> Backend Server 2 </h1>
<h1> Backend Server 1 </h1>
<h1> Backend Server 2 </h1> uri算法,consistent hash类型
[root@client ~]# for i in {1..10};do curl 172.16.253.108/test1.html;done
Test Page 1 @BES 1
Test Page 1 @BES 1
Test Page 1 @BES 1
Test Page 1 @BES 1
Test Page 1 @BES 1
Test Page 1 @BES 1
Test Page 1 @BES 1
Test Page 1 @BES 1
Test Page 1 @BES 1
Test Page 1 @BES 1
[root@client ~]# for i in {1..10};do curl 172.16.253.108/test3.html;done
Test Page 2 @BES 1
Test Page 2 @BES 1
Test Page 2 @BES 1
Test Page 2 @BES 1
Test Page 1 @BES 1

启动压缩功能

HAProxy

[root@HAProxy ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
frontend myweb
bind *:80
default_backend websrvs
compression algo gzip \\启动压缩功能,压缩类型为gzip
compression type text/html text/plainhtml, application/xml\\压缩文件的类型为文本文件,plainhtml纯文本文件 backend websrvs
balance roundrobin
server srv1 172.16.253.105:80 check
server srv2 172.16.252.1:80 check

定义check检查的时间间隔

[root@HAProxy ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
frontend myweb
bind *:80
default_backend websrvs
backend websrvs
balance roundrobin
# option httpchk \\启用七层代理向主页发送请求
option httpchk GET /test1.html HTTP/1.0 \\启用七层代理,当使用GET命令,使用HTTP1.0协议向test1.txt页面发送请求时检查页面健康状态
server srv1 172.16.253.105:80 check inter 3000ms rise 1 fall 2 \\inter定义为每3s检查一次,rise为检查成功一次即为成功,fall为检查失败两次即为故障
server srv2 172.16.252.1:80 check backup \\backup为备用服务端,当其他主机故障时启用 [root@HAProxy ~]# systemctl restart haproxy

web1

后端主机的httpd访问日志中可以看到每隔2秒都有一次主页检查记录日志
[root@web2 ~]# tail -f /var/log/httpd/access_log

实现网页重定向

HAProxy

访问172.16.253.105后端主机srv1的网页将自动跳转到指定的网页,eg redir http://www.baidu.com 跳转到www.baidu.com
[root@HAProxy ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
frontend myweb
bind *:80
default_backend websrvs
backend websrvs
balance roundrobin
server srv1 172.16.253.105:80 check inter 3000ms rise 1 fall 2 redir http://www.baidu.com \\将访问172.16.253.105主页面重定向访问www.baidu.com
server srv2 172.16.252.1:80 check backup

weight权重选项

HAProxy

root@HAProxy ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
frontend myweb
bind *:80
default_backend websrvs
backend websrvs
balance roundrobin
server srv1 172.16.253.105:80 check weight 2 \\权重为2
server srv2 172.16.252.1:80 check weight 1 \\权重为1

client

[root@client ~]# for i in {1..10};do curl 172.16.253.108;done
<h1> Backend Server 1 </h1>
<h1> Backend Server 2 </h1>
<h1> Backend Server 1 </h1>
<h1> Backend Server 1 </h1>
<h1> Backend Server 2 </h1>
<h1> Backend Server 1 </h1>
<h1> Backend Server 1 </h1>
<h1> Backend Server 2 </h1>
<h1> Backend Server 1 </h1>
<h1> Backend Server 1 </h1>

stats 状态页面

HAProxy

[root@HAProxy ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
frontend myweb
stats enable
bind *:80
default_backend websrvs backend websrvs
balance roundrobin
server srv1 172.16.253.105:80 check weight 2
server srv2 172.16.252.1:80 check weight 1
[root@HAProxy ~]# systemctl restart haproxy.service

浏览器访问http://172.16.253.108/haproxy?stats

HAproxy功能配置

  • 自定义stats状态页面的uri路径

    HAProxy

    [root@HAProxy ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg

    frontend myweb

    stats enable

    stats uri /myproxy?admin

    bind *:80

    default_backend websrvs

      backend websrvs
    balance roundrobin
    server srv1 172.16.253.105:80 check weight 2
    server srv2 172.16.252.1:80 check weight 1

    [root@HAProxy ~]# systemctl restart haproxy

    浏览器访问http://172.16.253.108/myproxy?admin

  • stats页面的用户访问控制

HAProxy

[root@HAProxy ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
frontend myweb
stats enable \\启用stats
stats uri /myproxy?admin \\自定义stats页面uri的路径为/myproxy?admin
stats realm "HAProxy Stats Page" \\认证提示
stats auth admin:admin \\stats页面用户访问控制,用户admin,密码admin
bind *:80
default_backend websrvs backend websrvs
balance roundrobin
server srv1 172.16.253.105:80 check weight 2
server srv2 172.16.252.1:80 check weight 1
[root@HAProxy ~]# systemctl restart haproxy

浏览器输入http://172.16.253.108/myproxy?admin访问

HAproxy功能配置

  • 启用stats的管理功能

HAProxy

[root@HAProxy ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
frontend myweb *:80
stats enable \\启用stats
stats uri /myproxy?admin \\自定义stats页面uri的路径为/myproxy?admin
stats realm "HAProxy Stats Page" \\认证提示
stats auth admin:admin \\stats页面用户访问控制,用户admin,密码admin
stats admin if TRUE \\总是允许访问stats的用户管理stats页面
default_backend websrvs
backend websrvs
balance roundrobin
server srv1 172.16.253.105:80 check weight 2
server srv2 172.16.252.1:80 check weight 1
[root@HAProxy ~]# systemctl restart haproxy

浏览器访问http://172.16.253.108/myproxy?admin

HAproxy功能配置

  • 单独定义stats的管理页面

HAProxy

[root@HAProxy ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
frontend myweb
bind *:80
default_backend websrvs backend websrvs
balance roundrobin
server srv1 172.16.253.105:80 check weight 2
server srv2 172.16.252.1:80 check weight 1
listen stats
bind *:9000 \\定义stats页面的监听端口为9000
stats enable \\开启stats状态界面
stats uri /myproxy?admin \\自定义stats的uri路径
stats realm "HAProxy Stats Page" \\stats页面的提示信息
stats auth admin:admin \\ststs状态界面的admin用户认证
stats admin if TRUE \\允许所有登录stats的用户管理stats界面 [root@HAProxy ~]# systemctl restart haproxy

浏览器访问http://172.16.253.108/myproxy?admin

HAproxy功能配置

HAproxy功能配置

字段 含义
Queue 队列
Session rate 会话速率
Sessions 所有会话
Bytes 传输字节
Denled 拒绝的
Error 错误的
Warnings 警告
Server 后端服务器
server 字段 含义
Status Server的状态
LastCHK 显示httd的是四层检查还是七层检查
Wght 权重
Act 活动主机数量
Bck 备用主机数量
Chk 失败检测次数
Dwn 离线主机数量
Dwntme 主机离线时间

定义haproxy的工作模式为tcp,实现layer4层代理

HAProxy

[root@HAProxy ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
listen sshsrvs
mode tcp
bind *:2222
balance leastconn
server sshsrv1 172.16.253.105:22 check
server sshsrv2 172.16.252.1:22 check
[root@HAProxy ~]# systemctl restart haproxy.service

client

[root@client ~]# ssh root@172.16.253.108 -p 2222

设置cookie

HAProxy

[root@HAProxy ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
frontend myweb *:80
default_backend websrvs
backend websrvs
cookie WEBSRV insert indirect nocache \\WEBSRV为自定义的cookie键名
balance roundrobin
server srv1 172.16.253.105:80 check weight 2 cookie srv1 \\srv1为自定义的srv1服务器的cookie信息
server srv2 172.16.252.1:80 check weight 1 cookie srv2 \\srv2为自定义的srv2服务器的cookie信息

client

[root@client ~]# curl -I 172.16.253.108
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Fri, 26 May 2017 03:30:41 GMT
Server: Apache/2.2.15 (CentOS)
Last-Modified: Thu, 25 May 2017 11:26:46 GMT
ETag: "40801-1c-550577f03843e"
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Content-Length: 28
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Set-Cookie: WEBSRV=srv2; path=/ \\Cookie信息为WEBSRV=srv2
Cache-control: private [root@client ~]# curl -I 172.16.253.108/test3.html
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Tue, 29 Aug 2017 04:41:00 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.6 (CentOS) PHP/5.4.16
Last-Modified: Mon, 28 Aug 2017 14:02:09 GMT
ETag: "13-557d0bda20453"
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Content-Length: 19
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Set-Cookie: WEBSRV=srv1; path=/ \\Cookie信息为WEBSRV=srv1
Cache-control: private

forwardfor请求报文首部信息

HAProxy

[root@HAProxy ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
defaults
option forwardfor except 127.0.0.0/8 if-none
除了本机127.0.0.0/8发出去的请求报文不予添加X-Forwarded-For信息,其他报文都要判断是否含有X-Forwarded-For信息,若没有,则添加X-Forwarded-For信息

web1

[root@web1 ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf  \\修改日志记录格式如下
LogFormat "%{X-Forwarded-For}i %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined
[root@web1 ~]# systemctl restart rsyslog

errorfile错误本地文件路径

HAProxy

[root@HAProxy ~]# mkdir /etc/haproxy/errorfile
[root@HAProxy ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/errorfile/403.html
Forbidden,No way; [root@HAProxy ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
frontend myweb *:80
default_backend websrvs backend websrvs
errorfile 403 /etc/haproxy/errorfile/403.html
balance roundrobin
server srv1 172.16.253.105:80 check weight 2 cookie srv1
server srv2 172.16.252.1:80 check weight 1 cookie srv2

errorloc错误网页url重定向到本地的web

HAProxy服务端安装nginx服务

[root@HAProxy ~]# yum -y install nginx
[root@HAProxy ~]# vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/errserver.conf
server {
listen 10080;
server_name error.danran.com;
root /data/nginx/errorhtml;
}
[[root@HAProxy ~]# mkdir -pv /data/nginx/errorhtml
[root@HAProxy ~]# vim /data/nginx/errorhtml/403.html
403 from nginx [root@HAProxy ~]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
server {
listen 8089 default_server;
} \\默认80端口与HAYproxy冲突,故修改nginx的默认端口
[root@HAProxy ~]# systemctl start nginx

配置error错误网页重定向到本地web服务

[root@HAProxy ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
frontend myweb *:80
default_backend websrvs backend websrvs
errorloc 403 http://172.16.253.108:10080/403.html
balance roundrobin
server srv1 172.16.253.105:80 check weight 2 cookie srv1
server srv2 172.16.252.1:80 check weight 1 cookie srv2
[root@HAProxy ~]# systemctl restart haproxy

reqadd添加请求报文首部信息

HAYproxy

[root@HAProxy ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
frontend myweb *:80
default_backend websrvs
backend websrvs
reqadd X-Proxy-By:\ HAProxy
balance roundrobin
server srv1 172.16.253.105:80 check weight 2
server srv2 172.16.252.1:80 check weight 1
[root@HAProxy ~]# systemctl restart haproxy

web1

[root@web1 ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
LogFormat "%{X-Forwarded-For}i %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\" %{X-Proxy-By}i" combined
[root@web1 ~]# systemctl restart rsyslog 通过访问HAYproxy代理服务器查看web1的访问日志信息

rspadd添加响应报文首部信息

HAYproxy

[root@HAProxy ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
frontend myweb *:80
default_backend websrvs
backend websrvs
rsqadd X-Proxy-By:\ HAProxy-1.5
balance roundrobin
server srv1 172.16.253.105:80 check weight 2
server srv2 172.16.252.1:80 check weight 1
[root@HAProxy ~]# systemctl restart haproxy

rspidel删除响应报文的指定信息

HAYproxy

[root@HAProxy ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
frontend myweb *:80
default_backend websrvs
backend websrvs
rspidel ^Server:.* \\删除响应报文中Server开头的信息
balance roundrobin
server srv1 172.16.253.105:80 check weight 2
server srv2 172.16.252.1:80 check weight 1
[root@HAProxy ~]# systemctl restart haproxy

基于ACL做访问控制(四层代理)

网络拓扑

HAproxy功能配置

环境

前端HAProxy 172.16.253.108
后端web1 172.16.253.105
后端web2 172.16.252.1
client 172.16.253.177

安装HAProxy

HAProxy

[root@HAProxy ~]# yum install haproxy -y
[root@HAProxy ~]# rpm -ql haproxy
[root@HAProxy ~]# iptables -F
[root@HAProxy ~]# setenforce 0
[root@HAProxy ~]# systemctl enable haproxy
[root@HAProxy ~]# cp /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg{,.bak}
[root@HAProxy ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg

web1

[root@web1 ~]# yum -y install httpd
[root@web1 ~]# vim /var/www/html/index.html
<h1> Backend Server 1 </h1>
[root@web1 ~]# systemctl start httpd
[root@web1 ~]# setenforce 0
[root@web1 ~]# iptables -F

web 2

[root@web2 ~]# yum -y install httpd
[root@web2 ~]# vim /var/www/html/index.html
<h1> Backend Server 2 </h1>
[root@web2 ~]# service httpd start
[root@web2 ~]# setenforce 0
[root@web2 ~]# iptables -F
  • block阻塞主机访问

172.16.251.196用户访问stats状态界面,并显示错误网页http://172.16.253.108:10080/403.html

HAProxy

[root@HAProxy ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
frontend myweb *:80
default_backend websrvs backend websrvs
balance roundrobin
server srv1 172.16.253.105:80 check weight 2
server srv2 172.16.252.1:80 check weight 1
listen stats
bind *:9000
acl allowstats src 172.16.251.196
block if allowstats \\阻塞allowstats中的IP访问stats界面
errorloc 403 http://172.16.253.108:10080/403.html
stats enable
stats uri /myproxy?admin
stats realm "HAProxy Stats Page"
stats auth admin:admin
stats admin if TRUE
[root@HAProxy ~]# systemctl restart haproxy

访问测试

172.16.251.196使用浏览器访问测试http://172.16.253.108:10080/403.html
  • http-request允许某主机访问stats状态界面

允许172.16.251.196用户访问http://172.16.253.108服务器的HAProxy的状态界面

HAProxy

[root@HAProxy ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
frontend myweb *:80
default_backend websrvs backend websrvs
balance roundrobin
server srv1 172.16.253.105:80 check weight 2
server srv2 172.16.252.1:80 check weight 1
listen stats
bind *:9000
acl allowstats src 172.16.251.196
# http-request allow if allowstats \\允许allowstats中的IP访问stats状态界面
http-request deny unless allowstats \\除了allowstats之外全部拒绝访问,即仅允许allowstats访问
# http-request deny if allowstats \\拒绝allowstats访问
errorloc 403 http://172.16.253.108:10080/403.html \\错误网页文件
stats enable
stats uri /myproxy?admin
stats realm "HAProxy Stats Page"
stats auth admin:admin
stats admin if TRUE
[root@HAProxy ~]# systemctl restart haproxy

访问测试

图形化浏览器
172.16.251.196使用浏览器访问测试http://172.16.253.108:10080/403.html
字符界面
[root@client ~]# curl --basic --user admin:admin http://172.16.253.108:9000/myproxy?admin

基于ACL做访问控制(七层代理)

动态网页存放在动态服务器组中,静态网页存放在静态服务器组中

拓扑环境

HAproxy功能配置

环境

前端HAProxy 172.16.253.108
后端web1 172.16.253.105
后端web2 172.16.253.191
client 172.16.253.177
  • web1使用虚拟主机技术搭建两个web server,用来存放动态网页内荣容
  • web2使用虚拟主机搭建两个web server用来替代静态网页内容

web1创建虚拟主机

[root@web1 ~]# yum -y install php httpd
[root@web1 ~]# mkdir /data/web/vhost{1,2} -pv
[root@web1 ~]# vim /data/web/vhost1/index.php
<h1> Application Server 1</h1>
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
[root@web1 ~]# vim /data/web/vhost2/index.php
<h1> Application Server 2</h1>
<?php
phpinfo();
?> 虚拟主机1的配置文件
[root@web1 ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/vhost1.conf \\编辑vhost1虚拟主机的配置文件
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerName www1.danran.com
DocumentRoot "/data/web/vhost1"
<Directory "/data/web/vhost1">
Options FollowSymLinks \\允许使用连接文件目录
AllowOverride None \\不允许其他配置文件覆盖此文件中的设置
Require all granted
</Directory>
</VirtualHost> 虚拟主机2的配置文件
[root@web1 ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/vhost2.conf
[root@web1 ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/vhost2.conf
Listen 8080
<VirtualHost *:8080>
ServerName www2.danran.com
DocumentRoot "/data/web/vhost2"
<Directory "/data/web/vhost2">
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
Require all granted
</Directory>
</VirtualHost> [root@web1 ~]# systemctl restart httpd.service
[root@web1 ~]# ss -ntl

web2创建虚拟主机

[root@web2 ~]# yum -y install httpd
[root@web2 ~]# mkdir -pv /data/web/vhost{1,2}
[root@web2 ~]# find /usr/share/ -iname "*.jpg" -exec cp {} /data/web/vhost1/ \;
[root@web2 ~]# find /usr/share/ -iname "*.jpg" -exec cp {} /data/web/vhost2/ \;
[root@web2 ~]# vim /data/web/vhost1/index.html
<h1> Image Server 1 </h1>
[root@web2 ~]# vim /data/web/vhost2/index.html
<h1> Image Server 2 </h1> 编辑虚拟主机1的配置文件
[root@web2 ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/vhost1.conf
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerName www1.danran.com
DocumentRoot "/data/web/vhost1"
<Directory "/data/web/vhost1">
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
Require all granted
</Directory>
</VirtualHost> 编辑虚拟主机2的配置文件
[root@web2 ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/vhost2.conf
Listen 8080
<VirtualHost *:8080>
ServerName www2.danran.com
DocumentRoot "/data/web/vhost1"
<Directory "/data/web/vhost1">
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
Require all granted
</Directory>
</VirtualHost> [root@web2 ~]# systemctl start httpd.service

HAProxy

[root@HAProxy ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
frontend myweb *:80
cookie WEBSRV indirect nocache
acl static path_end .jpg .jpeg .png .gif .txt .html \\定义ACL的组static以.jpg .jpeg .png .gif .txt .html结尾的文件
use_backend staticsrvs if static \\当符合条件时使用static主机组
default_backend dynsrvs \\当不符合use_bckend条件时使用默认default_backend主机组 backend dynsrvs \\定义动态主机组
balance roundrobin
server dynsrv1 172.16.253.105:80 check cookie dynsrv1
server dynsrv2 172.16.253.105:8080 check cookie dynsrv2
backend staticsrvs \\定义静态主机组
balance roundrobin
server staticsrv1 172.16.253.191:80 check
server staticsrv2 172.16.253.191:8080 check
[root@HAProxy ~]# systemctl restart haproxy

client

[root@client ~]# curl http://172.16.253.108/index.html
<h1> Image Server 1 </h1>
[root@client ~]# curl http://172.16.253.108/index.html
<h1> image Server 2 </h1>
[root@client ~]# curl http://172.16.253.108/index.php
<h1> Application Server 2</h1>
[root@client ~]# curl http://172.16.253.108/index.php
<h1> Application Server 2</h1>

拒绝curl访问web

HAProxy

[root@HAProxy ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
frontend myweb *:80
cookie WEBSRV indirect nocache
acl static path_end .jpg .jpeg .png .gif .txt .html \\定义ACL的组static以.jpg .jpeg .png .gif .txt .html结尾的文件
use_backend staticsrvs if static \\当符合条件时使用static主机组
default_backend dynsrvs \\当不符合use_bckend条件时使用默认default_backend主机组
acl bad_browsers hdr_reg(User-Agent) .*curl.* \\定义请求报文中包含curl的ACL组为bad_browsers
block if bad_browsers \\阻塞bad_browsers组的访问 backend dynsrvs \\定义动态主机组
balance roundrobin
server dynsrv1 172.16.253.105:80 check cookie dynsrv1
server dynsrv2 172.16.253.105:8080 check cookie dynsrv2
backend staticsrvs \\定义静态主机组
balance roundrobin
server staticsrv1 172.16.253.191:80 check
server staticsrv2 172.16.253.191:8080 check
[root@HAProxy ~]# systemctl restart haproxy

client

[root@client ~]# curl http://172.16.253.108/index.html
<html><body><h1>403 Forbidden</h1>
Request forbidden by administrative rules.
</body></html>

定义仅允许danran.com域内的的主机访问

HAProxy

[root@HAProxy ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
frontend myweb *:80
cookie WEBSRV indirect nocache
acl static path_end .jpg .jpeg .png .gif .txt .html \\定义ACL的组static以.jpg .jpeg .png .gif .txt .html结尾的文件
use_backend staticsrvs if static \\当符合条件时使用static主机组
default_backend dynsrvs \\当不符合use_bckend条件时使用默认default_backend主机组
acl valid_referers hdr_reg(Referer) \.danran\.com
block unless valid_referers \\阻塞除了valid_referers组之外的所有人的访问 backend dynsrvs \\定义动态主机组
balance roundrobin
server dynsrv1 172.16.253.105:80 check cookie dynsrv1
server dynsrv2 172.16.253.105:8080 check cookie dynsrv2
backend staticsrvs \\定义静态主机组
balance roundrobin
server staticsrv1 172.16.253.191:80 check
server staticsrv2 172.16.253.191:8080 check
[root@HAProxy ~]# systemctl restart haproxy

client

模拟www.danran.com主机访问
[root@client ~]# curl -e "http://www.danran.com/index.php" http://172.16.253.108/index.php
<h1> Application Server 2</h1>
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