1. 环境准备

创建挂载数据目录和配置文件

mkdir -p /opt/mysql/data /opt/mysql/conf
touch /opt/mysql/conf/my.cnf

2. 拉取镜像

docker pull mysql

3. 启动容器

docker run --restart=always --name=mysql -p 3306:3306 \
-v /opt/mysql/conf/my.cnf:/etc/my.cnf \
-v /opt/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql \
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 \
-d mysql

4. 配置远程访问

docker exec -it mysql /bin/bash

mysql -uroot -p123456

alter user 'root'@'%' identified by '123456' password expire never;
alter user 'root'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by '123456';
flush privileges;