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Prometheus笔记(二)监控go项目实时给grafana展示
Prometheus笔记(一)metric type
文章目录
一、prometheus和grafana安装
1、promethues安装
先写好配置文件,保存为prometheus.yml
,
global:
scrape_interval: 15s # By default, scrape targets every 15 seconds.
# Attach these labels to any time series or alerts when communicating with
# external systems (federation, remote storage, Alertmanager).
external_labels:
monitor: 'codelab-monitor'
# A scrape configuration containing exactly one endpoint to scrape:
# Here it's Prometheus itself.
scrape_configs:
# The job name is added as a label `job=<job_name>` to any timeseries scraped from this config.
- job_name: 'prometheus' //服务的名称,后续要监控我们自己的服务时只需要按照这个格式再添加上
# Override the global default and scrape targets from this job every 5 seconds.
scrape_interval: 5s
static_configs:
- targets: ['localhost:9090'] //这个为服务的ip和port
更多配置文件写法请参考:https://prometheus.io/docs/operating/configuration/
官方给出供参考的配置文件:https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/blob/release-2.3/config/testdata/conf.good.yml
然后利用docker启动。
docker run -p 9090:9090 --network=host -v /root/prometheus.yml:/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml prom/prometheus
启动之后,可以先测试一下是否可以用。
[root@localhost ~]# curl http://localhost:9090/api/v1/label/job/values
{
"status":"success",
"data":["prometheus"]
}
如果是用上面我给出来的默认配置,返回值应该是和这里给出来的一样。说明promethues服务端启动好了。
2、grafana安装
这篇文章只是演示基本用法,所以用到的grafana的配置都是默认的。直接使用下面的命令启动就可以了。
$ docker run -d -p 3000:3000 grafana/grafana
如果需要更多功能则需要更复杂的配置了,更多配置方法请参考:http://docs.grafana.org/installation/docker/
docker镜像起来后,用浏览器登入 127.0.0.0:3000 ,会弹出来登入界面,用户名和密码为admin/admin,第一次会提示修改密码,按照提示操作即可。这样就完成了安装。
二、获取监控数据
这一步我主要写一个简单的go项目,用来获取内存的实时使用率数据,然后在grafana展示。
代码下载地址:https://github.com/Zhanben/goproject/tree/master/gomemory
package main
import (
"net/http"
"log"
"time"
"os"
"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus/promhttp"
"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus"
"github.com/shirou/gopsutil/mem"
)
func main (){
//初始化日志服务
logger := log.New(os.Stdout, "[Memory]", log.Lshortfile | log.Ldate | log.Ltime)
//初始一个http handler
http.Handle("/metrics", promhttp.Handler())
//初始化一个容器
diskPercent := prometheus.NewGaugeVec(prometheus.GaugeOpts{
Name: "memeory_percent",
Help: "memeory use percent",
},
[]string {"percent"},
)
prometheus.MustRegister(diskPercent)
// 启动web服务,监听1010端口
go func() {
logger.Println("ListenAndServe at:localhost:1010")
err := http.ListenAndServe("localhost:1010", nil)
if err != nil {
logger.Fatal("ListenAndServe: ", err)
}
}()
//收集内存使用的百分比
for {
logger.Println("start collect memory used percent!")
v, err := mem.VirtualMemory()
if err != nil {
logger.Println("get memeory use percent error:%s", err)
}
usedPercent := v.UsedPercent
logger.Println("get memeory use percent:", usedPercent)
diskPercent.WithLabelValues("usedMemory").Set(usedPercent)
time.Sleep(time.Second*2)
}
}
程序跑起来的输出如下:
[root@localhost demoproject]# go run memory.go
[Memory]2018/07/14 11:43:12 memory.go:42: start collect memory used percent!
[Memory]2018/07/14 11:43:12 memory.go:48: get memeory use percent: 41.22097449562238
[Memory]2018/07/14 11:43:12 memory.go:33: ListenAndServe at:locahost:1010
[Memory]2018/07/14 11:43:14 memory.go:42: start collect memory used percent!
[Memory]2018/07/14 11:43:14 memory.go:48: get memeory use percent: 41.219733205342514
[Memory]2018/07/14 11:43:16 memory.go:42: start collect memory used percent!
[Memory]2018/07/14 11:43:16 memory.go:48: get memeory use percent: 41.219733205342514
^Csignal: interrupt
此时可以查询的到promethues监控到的数据。
[root@localhost ~]# curl http://localhost:1010/metrics
...
# HELP go_memstats_sys_bytes Number of bytes obtained by system. Sum of all system allocations.
# TYPE go_memstats_sys_bytes gauge
go_memstats_sys_bytes 3.346432e+06
//这个为代码添加的字段,其余为promethues默认监控字段
# HELP memeory_percent memeory use percent
# TYPE memeory_percent gauge
memeory_percent{percent="usedMemory"} 41.16718525016137
# HELP process_cpu_seconds_total Total user and system CPU time spent in seconds.
# TYPE process_cpu_seconds_total counter
process_cpu_seconds_total 0.01
....
三、配置grafana展示数据
1、修改配置重启promethues和grafana
先将监控服务注册到promethues服务端,修改配置文件:promethues.yml
... //和前面的配置文件一样
scrape_configs:
# The job name is added as a label `job=<job_name>` to any timeseries scraped from this config.
- job_name: 'memory' //给你的服务取的名字
# Override the global default and scrape targets from this job every 5 seconds.
scrape_interval: 5s
static_configs:
- targets: ['localhost:1010'] //改成你自己代码里面使用的端口号
暂停掉之前启动的promethues和grafana
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
650cb5891e56 grafana/grafana "/run.sh" 19 hours ago Up 19 hours 0.0.0.0:3000->3000/tcp brave_ride
850a44d18dfe prom/prometheus "/bin/prometheus -..." 21 hours ago Up 21 hours 0.0.0.0:9090->9090/tcp zen_keller
[root@localhost ~]# docker stop 850a44d18dfe
850a44d18dfe
[root@localhost ~]# docker stop 650cb5891e56
650cb5891e56
修改好配置文件之后重新启动promethues和grafana
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -d -p 9090:9090 --network=host -v /root/prometheus.yml:/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml prom/prometheus
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -d -p 3000:3000 grafana/grafana
检验promethues服务端是否注册到了我们自己的服务。
[root@localhost demoproject]# curl http://localhost:9090/api/v1/targets
{
"status": "success",
"data": {
"activeTargets": [{
"discoveredLabels": {
"__address__": "localhost:1010",
"__metrics_path__": "/metrics",
"__scheme__": "http",
"job": "memory"
},
"labels": {
"instance": "localhost:1010",
"job": "memory"
//这个memory即我们在promethues的配置文件填写的名字
},
"scrapeUrl": "http://localhost:1010/metrics",
"lastError": "",
"lastScrape": "2018-07-14T07:39:26.127284982Z",
"health": "up"
//注意上面这个字段要为up,要不然后续grafana查询不到数据
}
],
"droppedTargets": []
}
}
2、创建数据源
- 打开grafana界面,登入后如下图所示:
- 创建数据源
按照图片里面的填写的填好。其中memory为数据源名字,可以自己随便取一个。类型需要选择promethues。下面的URL需要填写promethues的服务端的URL,access选择不使用代理的Browser。填好之后点击下面的保存,完成创建数据源。
3、创建dashboard
第一步如图所示,按照图中的三步操作。
操作完成之后会进入下图所示的界面,然后再次按照图中提示操作即可。
完成之后会弹出来一个panle,单击下拉框,点击Edit。
点击Edit之后会pane下方会得到下图展示的界面:
在查询字段的地方填入,代码缩写的字段prometheus.NewGaugeVec创建时填写的name字段,本示例代码为memory_percent。填好之后点击下option旁边的query inspector,就可以在上面的表中查看到数据了。
最后查询到的数据如下图所示:
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参考资料
1、 https://godoc.org/github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus
2、 https://prometheus.io/docs/introduction/overview/