django 提供了一系列现成的类视图，他们都继承自一个 View 基类（django.views.generic.base.View）。在这个基类里实现了与 URLs 的接口（as_view）、请求方法匹配（dispatch）和一些其他的基本功能。比如 RedirectView 实现了一个简单的 HTTP 重定向，TemplateView 给 View 添加了一个渲染模板的功能。
简单用法：
from django.conf.urls import patterns
from django.views.generic import TemplateView urlpatterns = patterns('',
(r'^about/', TemplateView.as_view(template_name="about.html")),
)
子类化通用视图，
一个 AboutView，他覆盖了 TemplateView 的模板属性和获取 Context 方法（这是使用 TemplateView 的一般做法）：
from django.views.generic import TemplateView class AboutView(TemplateView):
template_name = "about.html" def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
context = super(AboutView, self).get_context_data(**kwargs)
#alter context
return context
ListView:
from django.views.generic import ListView
from books.models import Publisher class PublisherList(ListView):
model = Publisher
它会自动去寻找publiser_list.html页面作为模板，并在里面渲染{{publisher_list}}作为变量.
对数据模型进行筛选：
from django.views.generic import ListView
from books.models import Book class BookList(ListView):
queryset = Book.objects.order_by('-publication_date')
context_object_name = 'book_list'
如果要进行传参的话：
# urls.py
from django.conf.urls import patterns
from books.views import PublisherBookList urlpatterns = patterns('',
(r'^books/([\w-]+)/$', PublisherBookList.as_view()),
) # views.py
from django.shortcuts import get_object_or_404
from django.views.generic import ListView
from books.models import Book, Publisher class PublisherBookList(ListView): template_name = 'books/books_by_publisher.html' def get_queryset(self):
self.publisher = get_object_or_404(Publisher, name=self.args[0])
return Book.objects.filter(publisher=self.publisher)
保存时候的小动作：
# models.py
from django.db import models class Author(models.Model):
salutation = models.CharField(max_length=10)
name = models.CharField(max_length=200)
email = models.EmailField()
headshot = models.ImageField(upload_to='author_headshots')
last_accessed = models.DateTimeField() #URLConf from django.conf.urls import patterns, url
from books.views import AuthorDetailView urlpatterns = patterns('',
#...
url(r'^authors/(?P<pk>\d+)/$', AuthorDetailView.as_view(), name='author-detail'),
) #View from django.views.generic import DetailView
from django.utils import timezone
from books.models import Author class AuthorDetailView(DetailView): queryset = Author.objects.all() def get_object(self):
# Call the superclass
object = super(AuthorDetailView, self).get_object()
# Record the last accessed date
object.last_accessed = timezone.now()
object.save()
# Return the object
return object #Model
def get_absolute_url(self):
return reverse('student:systemMessageDetail', args=[self.pk])
包含post,get方法：
from django.http import HttpResponse
from django.views.generic import View class MyView(View):
def get(self, request):
# <view logic>
return HttpResponse('result')
一个简单的contact form
# forms.py
from django import forms class ContactForm(forms.Form):
name = forms.CharField()
message = forms.CharField(widget=forms.Textarea) def send_email(self):
# 使用 self.cleaned_data 字典来发送一封邮件
pass # views.py
from myapp.forms import ContactForm
from django.views.generic.edit import FormView class ContactView(FormView):
template_name = 'contact.html'
form_class = ContactForm
success_url = '/thanks/' def form_valid(self, form):
# 当有效的数据被 POST 进来以后，本方法就会被调用
# 本方法应当返回一个 HttpResponse.
form.send_email()
return super(ContactView, self).form_valid(form)
转载自http://www.pythontip.com/blog/post/12172/
一个简单的view