之前写过两篇关于Android中模拟用户操作的博客(其实用一篇是转载的)，现在就来讲讲用shell脚本来模拟用户按键操作。本次的目标是用shell脚本打开微信并在其搜索框中搜索相关内容。
本文的模拟功能主要是用adb的input命令来实现，如果你adb的环境变量配置正确的话，在cmd中输入 adb shell input 就可以看见input的用法了。
usage: input ...
input text //输入文字（中文不支持）
input keyevent //keyevent按键
input [touchscreen|touchpad|touchnavigation] tap <x> <y>//点击屏幕
input [touchscreen|touchpad|touchnavigation] swipe <x1> <y1> <x2> <y2> //屏幕滑动
input trackball press //滚球已经不用了
input trackball roll //滚球已经不用了
input rotationevent 0 1->90 2->180 3->270> //顺时针旋转
下面直接上安卓用户操作的代码，就一个MainActivity而已，UI、Mainfest都不用配置(可能需要root权限)
package com.lsj.adb; import java.io.DataOutputStream; import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Menu; public class MainActivity extends Activity { private String[] search = {
"input keyevent 3",// 返回到主界面，数值与按键的对应关系可查阅KeyEvent
"sleep 1",// 等待1秒
"am start -n com.tencent.mm/com.tencent.mm.ui.LauncherUI",// 打开微信的启动界面，am命令的用法可自行百度、Google
"sleep 3",// 等待3秒
"am start -n com.tencent.mm/com.tencent.mm.plugin.search.ui.SearchUI",// 打开微信的搜索
"input text 123",// 像搜索框中输入123，但是input不支持中文，蛋疼，而且这边没做输入法处理，默认会自动弹出输入法
}; @Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
//如果input text中有中文，可以将中文转成unicode进行input,没有测试，只是觉得这个思路是可行的
search[5] = chineseToUnicode(search[5]);
execShell(search);
} /**
* 执行Shell命令
*
* @param commands
* 要执行的命令数组
*/
public void execShell(String[] commands) {
// 获取Runtime对象
Runtime runtime = Runtime.getRuntime(); DataOutputStream os = null;
try {
// 获取root权限，这里大量申请root权限会导致应用卡死，可以把Runtime和Process放在Application中初始化
Process process = runtime.exec("su");
os = new DataOutputStream(process.getOutputStream());
for (String command : commands) {
if (command == null) {
continue;
} // donnot use os.writeBytes(commmand), avoid chinese charset
// error
os.write(command.getBytes());
os.writeBytes("\n");
os.flush();
}
os.writeBytes("exit\n");
os.flush();
process.waitFor();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} /**
* 把中文转成Unicode码
* @param str
* @return
*/
public String chineseToUnicode(String str){
String result="";
for (int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++){
int chr1 = (char) str.charAt(i);
if(chr1>=19968&&chr1<=171941){//汉字范围 \u4e00-\u9fa5 (中文)
result+="\\u" + Integer.toHexString(chr1);
}else{
result+=str.charAt(i);
}
}
return result;
} /**
* 判断是否为中文字符
* @param c
* @return
*/
public boolean isChinese(char c) {
Character.UnicodeBlock ub = Character.UnicodeBlock.of(c);
if (ub == Character.UnicodeBlock.CJK_UNIFIED_IDEOGRAPHS
|| ub == Character.UnicodeBlock.CJK_COMPATIBILITY_IDEOGRAPHS
|| ub == Character.UnicodeBlock.CJK_UNIFIED_IDEOGRAPHS_EXTENSION_A
|| ub == Character.UnicodeBlock.GENERAL_PUNCTUATION
|| ub == Character.UnicodeBlock.CJK_SYMBOLS_AND_PUNCTUATION
|| ub == Character.UnicodeBlock.HALFWIDTH_AND_FULLWIDTH_FORMS) {
return true;
}
return false;
} }
效果图:
模拟用户打开微信，并进行搜索就这么完成了。其实这里用shell命令模拟用户操作还是有些问题的，比如说控件长按(sendevent)，好难理解，而且需要跟其中传递的控件坐标参数应该要跟屏幕分辨率联系起来，实际应用范围不是很广泛。PS:那种大量需要重复操作的除外，如:自动化测试，游戏刷图(PS:腾讯的仙剑手游把我大仙剑毁了啊，麻花腾你妹啊,你全家都是麻花腾)。
最后，其实可以参考下按键精灵，这款应用做的还不错，除了不给root权限就崩外....
补充:以上模拟用户操作的代码在交互不频繁的情况下是完全没有问题的，但是如果使用频繁的话，会发生多次申请root权限，导致系统卡死的现象，后面在google上找到了一个开源项目，可以解决这个问题(它使用的是单例模式)，代码如下:
/**
* 类名 RootContext.java 说明 获取root权限 创建日期 2012-8-21 作者 LiWenLong Email
* lendylongli@gmail.com 更新时间 $Date$ 最后更新者 $Author$
*/
public class RootContext {
private static RootContext instance = null;
private static Object mLock = new Object();
String mShell;
OutputStream o;
Process p; private RootContext(String cmd) throws Exception {
this.mShell = cmd;
init();
} public static RootContext getInstance() {
if (instance != null) {
return instance;
}
synchronized (mLock) {
try {
instance = new RootContext("su");
} catch (Exception e) {
while (true)
try {
instance = new RootContext("/system/xbin/su");
} catch (Exception e2) {
try {
instance = new RootContext("/system/bin/su");
} catch (Exception e3) {
e3.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
return instance;
}
} private void init() throws Exception {
if ((this.p != null) && (this.o != null)) {
this.o.flush();
this.o.close();
this.p.destroy();
}
this.p = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(this.mShell);
this.o = this.p.getOutputStream();
system("LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/vendor/lib:/system/lib ");
} private void system(String cmd) {
try {
this.o.write((cmd + "\n").getBytes("ASCII"));
return;
} catch (Exception e) {
while (true)
try {
init();
} catch (Exception e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
}
} public void runCommand(String cmd) {
system(cmd);
} /**
* 判断是否已经root了
* */
public static boolean hasRootAccess(Context ctx) {
final StringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();
try {
if (runCommandAsRoot(ctx, "exit 0", res) == 0)
return true;
} catch (Exception e) {
}
return false;
} /**
* 以root的权限运行命令
* */
public static int runCommandAsRoot(Context ctx, String script,
StringBuilder res) {
final File file = new File(ctx.getCacheDir(), "secopt.sh");
final ScriptRunner runner = new ScriptRunner(file, script, res);
runner.start();
try {
runner.join(40000);
if (runner.isAlive()) {
runner.interrupt();
runner.join(150);
runner.destroy();
runner.join(50);
}
} catch (InterruptedException ex) {
}
return runner.exitcode;
} private static final class ScriptRunner extends Thread {
private final File file;
private final String script;
private final StringBuilder res;
public int exitcode = -1;
private Process exec; public ScriptRunner(File file, String script, StringBuilder res) {
this.file = file;
this.script = script;
this.res = res;
} @Override
public void run() {
try {
file.createNewFile();
final String abspath = file.getAbsolutePath();
Runtime.getRuntime().exec("chmod 777 " + abspath).waitFor();
final OutputStreamWriter out = new OutputStreamWriter(
new FileOutputStream(file));
if (new File("/system/bin/sh").exists()) {
out.write("#!/system/bin/sh\n");
}
out.write(script);
if (!script.endsWith("\n"))
out.write("\n");
out.write("exit\n");
out.flush();
out.close(); exec = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("su");
DataOutputStream os = new DataOutputStream(
exec.getOutputStream());
os.writeBytes(abspath);
os.flush();
os.close(); InputStreamReader r = new InputStreamReader(
exec.getInputStream());
final char buf[] = new char[1024];
int read = 0;
while ((read = r.read(buf)) != -1) {
if (res != null)
res.append(buf, 0, read);
} r = new InputStreamReader(exec.getErrorStream());
read = 0;
while ((read = r.read(buf)) != -1) {
if (res != null)
res.append(buf, 0, read);
} if (exec != null)
this.exitcode = exec.waitFor();
} catch (InterruptedException ex) {
if (res != null)
res.append("\nOperation timed-out");
} catch (Exception ex) {
if (res != null)
res.append("\n" + ex);
} finally {
destroy();
}
} public synchronized void destroy() {
if (exec != null)
exec.destroy();
exec = null;
}
}
}
作者:登天路