If a statement uses an ORDER BY clause, then the database does not perform
literal replacement in the clause because it is not semantically correct to
consider the constant column number as a literal. The column number in
the ORDER BY clause affects the query plan and execution, so the database
cannot share two cursors having different column numbers.

--//我看到的这个内容来之sql-tuning-guide.pdf. 21c F31828-03 December 2020.我当时的测试就是不想上面说的情况.
--//以前是我的测试:

1.环境:
SCOTTtest01p> ver1

PORT_STRING VERSION BANNER CON_ID

IBMPC/WIN_NT64-9.1.0 12.2.0.1.0 Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

2.手游测试:
SCOTTtest01p> alter session set cursor_sharing=force ;
Session altered.

SCOTTtest01p> select * from dept where deptno=10 order by 1;

DEPTNO DNAME                LOC 

    10 ACCOUNTING           NEW YORK 

SCOTTtest01p> dpc '' ''
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT

SQL_ID f2jf1h54abkzu, child number 0

select * fromwww.diuxie.com dept where deptno=:"SYS_B_0" order by :"SYS_B_1"
Plan hash value: 2852011669

| Id | Operation | Name | E-Rows |E-Bytes| Cost (%CPU)| E-Time |

| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | | | 1 (100)| |
| 1 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| DEPT | 1 | 20 | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 |
|* 2 | INDEX UNIQUE SCAN | PK_DEPT | 1 | | 0 (0)| |

Query Block Name / Object Alias (identified by operation id):

1 - SEL$9FB2EC53 / DEPTSEL$1
2 - SEL$9FB2EC53 / DEPTSEL$1
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):

2 - access("DEPTNO"=:SYS_B_0)

--//替换发生,并没有链接介绍的情况.
--//执行如下也是一样 select * from dept where deptno=10 order by 2;
--//换一种方式:

SCOTTtest01p> select * from dept where dname='ACCOUNTING' order by 2;

DEPTNO DNAME                LOC 

    10 ACCOUNTING           NEW YORK 

SCOTTtest01p> dpc '' ''
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT

SQL_ID 087vcgdqz87g9, child number 0

select * from dept where dname=:"SYS_B_0" order by :"SYS_B_1"

Plan hash value: 3383998547

| Id | Operation | Name | E-Rows |E-Bytes| Cost (%CPU)| E-Time |

| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | | | 3 (100)| |
|* 1 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| DEPT | 1 | 20 | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 |

SCOTTtest01p> select * from dept where dname='ACCOUNTING' order by 1;

DEPTNO DNAME                LOC 

    10 ACCOUNTING           NEW YORK 

SCOTTtest01p> dpc '' ''
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT

SQL_ID 087vcgdqz87g9, child number 1

select * from dept where dname=:"SYS_B_0" order by :"SYS_B_1"
Plan hash value: 3103054919

| Id | Operation | Name | E-Rows |E-Bytes| Cost (%CPU)| E-Time |

| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | | | 2 (100)| |
|* 1 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| DEPT | 1 | 20 | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 2 | INDEX FULL SCAN | PK_DEPT | 4 | | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 |
Query Block Name / Object Alias (identified by operation id):
1 - SEL$1 / DEPTSEL$1
2 - SEL$1 / DEPTSEL$1
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):

1 - filter("DNAME"=:SYS_B_0)

--//还是有效.
select * from dept where dname='ACCOUNTING' order by 1,2;
select * from dept where dname='ACCOUNTING' order by 2,1;
select * from dept where dname='ACCOUNTING' order by 2,3;
select * from dept where dname='ACCOUNTING' order by 3,2;

--//一样有效,自不过产生许多子光标罢了.