1.基于注解的配置：
@Component: 基本注解, 标识了一个受 Spring 管理的组件
@Respository: 标识持久层组件
@Service: 标识服务层(业务层)组件
@Controller: 标识表现层组件
将这些架包放入在工程目录下建立的lib文件夹里，并解压
commons-logging-1.1.1
spring-aop-4.0.0.RELEASE
spring-beans-4.0.0.RELEASE
spring-context-4.0.0.RELEASE
spring-core-4.0.0.RELEASE
spring-expression-4.0.0.RELEASE
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建立接口：UserRepository
package com.atguigu.spring.beans.annotation.test;
public interface UserRepository {
void save();
}
建立类：UserRepositoryImpl继承于接口：UserRepository
package com.atguigu.spring.beans.annotation.test;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
@Repository("userRepository") //标识持久层组件
public class UserRepositoryImpl implements UserRepository {
public void save() {
System.out.println("panpan123");
}
}
建立类：UserService
package com.atguigu.spring.beans.annotation.test; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; @Service //标识服务层(业务层)组件
public class UserService {
public void add(){
System.out.println("panpan456");
}
}
建立类：UserController
package com.atguigu.spring.beans.annotation.test; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; @Controller //标识表现层组件
public class UserController {
public void test(){
System.out.println("panpan789");
}
}
上述类都是建立在包com.atguigu.spring.beans.annotation.test之下；
spring的xml配置文件：beansannotation.xml，在com.atguigu.spring.beans.annotation.test包或子包 下带有上述四个注解的，可以被IOC容器识别
<context:component-scan base-package="com.atguigu.spring.beans.annotation.test" >
</context:component-scan>
加入resource-pattern="repository/*.class，是指识别repository注解的类；
<context:component-scan base-package="com.atguigu.spring.beans.annotation.test" resource-pattern="repository/*.class">
</context:component-scan>
注解过滤：指不包含 类型是 注解，导入的包（import后面的）是org.springframework.stereotype.Repository的类；
<context:component-scan
base-package="com.atguigu.spring.beans.annotation"
<context:exclude-filter type="annotation"
expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Repository"/>
</context:component-scan>
取消默认的use-default-filters="false"，包含...
<context:component-scan
base-package="com.atguigu.spring.beans.annotation" use-default-filters="false">
<context:include-filter type="annotation"
expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Repository"/>
</context:component-scan>
类过滤：type="assignable"，不包含全类名是com.atguigu.spring.beans.annotation.test.UserRepository
<context:component-scan
base-package="com.atguigu.spring.beans.annotation"
<context:exclude-filter type="assignable" expression="com.atguigu.spring.beans.annotation.test.UserRepository"/>
</context:component-scan>
类过滤：type="assignable"，取消默认的use-default-filters="false"，只包含全类名为com.atguigu.spring.beans.annotation.test.UserRepositoryImpl类
<context:component-scan
base-package="com.atguigu.spring.beans.annotation" use-default-filters="false">
<context:exclude-filter type="assignable" expression="com.atguigu.spring.beans.annotation.test.UserRepositoryImpl"/>
</context:component-scan>
建立Main类，进行测试：
package com.atguigu.spring.beans.annotation.test; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) { ApplicationContext ctx=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beansannotation.xml"); TestObject test=(TestObject) ctx.getBean("testObject");
System.out.println(test); UserController controller=(UserController) ctx.getBean("userController");
System.out.println(controller); UserService service=(UserService) ctx.getBean("userService");
System.out.println(service); UserRepositoryImpl repository=(UserRepositoryImpl) ctx.getBean("userRepository");
System.out.println(repository);
} }