在项目编译成 dll 之前，如何分析项目的所有依赖呢？可以在在项目的 Target 中去收集项目的依赖。

本文将说明如何在 Target 中收集项目依赖的所有 dll 的文件路径。

编写 Target

<Target Name="WalterlvDemoTarget" BeforeTargets="CoreCompile">

    <Message Text="References:" />

    <Message Text="@(Reference)" />

  </Target>

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4

这个 Target 的作用是将项目的所有 Reference 节点作为集合输出出来。然而实际上如果真的编译这个项目，会发现我们得到的结果有一些问题：

1. 实际上其值就是写到每一个 Reference 里面的字符串的集合
   • 比如引用了 System.Xaml，那么这里就会是 System.Xaml
2. 如果引用是通过 ProjectReference 进行的项目引用，那么这里就没有目标项目的 dll

所以，我们需要一个新的属性来查找引用的 dll。通过 研究 Microsoft.NET.Sdk 的源码，我发现有 ReferencePath 属性可以使用，于是将 Target 改为这样：

<Target Name="WalterlvDemoTarget" BeforeTargets="CoreCompile;ResolveAssemblyReference">

    <Message Text="ReferencePaths:" />

    <Message Text="@(ReferencePath)" />

  </Target>

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4

现在得到的所有依赖字符串则没有以上的问题。

注意，我在 BeforeTargets 上增加了一个 ResolveAssemblyReference。

以上 Target 的输出

引用通常很多，所以我将以上的输出单独放到这里来，避免影响到上面一节知识的阅读。

Reference 的输出

可以看到，Reference 的输出几乎就是 Reference 中写的字符串本身。

CefSharp, Version=57.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=40c4b6fc221f4138, processorArchitecture=x86

CefSharp.Core, Version=57.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=40c4b6fc221f4138, processorArchitecture=x86

CefSharp.WinForms, Version=57.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=40c4b6fc221f4138, processorArchitecture=x86

Microsoft.Expression.Interactions, Version=4.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35, processorArchitecture=MSIL

System.IO.Compression.FileSystem

System.Windows.Interactivity, Version=4.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35, processorArchitecture=MSIL

WindowsFormsIntegration

C:\Users\walterlv\.nuget\packages\walterlv.demopackage\1.0.0.0\lib\net47\Walterlv.DemoPackageLibrary.dll

PresentationCore

System.ComponentModel.Composition

System.Configuration

System.Windows.Forms

WindowsBase

PresentationFramework

System.Xaml

System.ServiceModel

System

System.Data

System.Data.DataSetExtensions

System.Management

System.Net.Http

System.Runtime.Serialization

System.ServiceProcess

System.Web

System.Xml

System.Xml.Linq

System.Drawing

Microsoft.CSharp

System.Core

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
• 5
• 6
• 7
• 8
• 9
• 10
• 11
• 12
• 13
• 14
• 15
• 16
• 17
• 18
• 19
• 20
• 21
• 22
• 23
• 24
• 25
• 26
• 27
• 28
• 29

ReferencePath 的输出

可以看到，ReferencePath 则是将所有的 dll 的路径也输出了，而且即便是项目引用，项目编译好的 dll 的路径也在。

D:\Walterlv\Demo\Walterlv.Demo\Code\_Externals\Refs\Cef\x86\CefSharp.Core.dll

D:\Walterlv\Demo\Walterlv.Demo\Code\_Externals\Refs\Cef\x86\CefSharp.dll

D:\Walterlv\Demo\Walterlv.Demo\Code\_Externals\Refs\Cef\x86\CefSharp.WinForms.dll

C:\Users\walterlv\.nuget\packages\walterlv.demopackage\1.0.0.0\lib\net47\Walterlv.DemoPackageLibrary.dll

D:\Walterlv\Demo\Walterlv.Demo\Walterlv.Library1\bin\Debug\Walterlv.Library1.dll

D:\Walterlv\Demo\Walterlv.Demo\Walterlv.Library2\bin\Debug\Walterlv.Library2.dll

D:\Walterlv\Demo\Walterlv.Demo\Walterlv.Library3\bin\Debug\Walterlv.Library3.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Microsoft.CSharp.dll

D:\Walterlv\Demo\Walterlv.Demo\Code\_Externals\Refs\Microsoft.Expression.Interactions.dll

C:\Users\walterlv\.nuget\packages\windowsapicodepackshell\1.1.0.8\lib\NET45\Microsoft.WindowsAPICodePack.dll

C:\Users\walterlv\.nuget\packages\windowsapicodepackshell\1.1.0.8\lib\NET45\Microsoft.WindowsAPICodePack.Shell.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\mscorlib.dll

C:\Users\walterlv\.nuget\packages\newtonsoft.json\11.0.2\lib\net45\Newtonsoft.Json.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\PresentationCore.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\PresentationFramework.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\System.ComponentModel.Composition.dll

C:\Users\walterlv\.nuget\packages\system.composition.attributedmodel\1.0.31\lib\portable-net45+win8+wp8+wpa81\System.Composition.AttributedModel.dll

C:\Users\walterlv\.nuget\packages\system.composition.convention\1.0.31\lib\portable-net45+win8+wp8+wpa81\System.Composition.Convention.dll

C:\Users\walterlv\.nuget\packages\system.composition.hosting\1.0.31\lib\portable-net45+win8+wp8+wpa81\System.Composition.Hosting.dll

C:\Users\walterlv\.nuget\packages\system.composition.runtime\1.0.31\lib\portable-net45+win8+wp8+wpa81\System.Composition.Runtime.dll

C:\Users\walterlv\.nuget\packages\system.composition.typedparts\1.0.31\lib\portable-net45+win8+wp8+wpa81\System.Composition.TypedParts.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\System.Configuration.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\System.Core.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\System.Data.DataSetExtensions.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\System.Data.dll

C:\Users\walterlv\.nuget\packages\system.data.sqlite.core\1.0.97\lib\net45\System.Data.SQLite.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\System.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\System.Drawing.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\System.IO.Compression.FileSystem.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\System.Management.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\System.Net.Http.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\System.Runtime.Serialization.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\System.ServiceModel.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\System.ServiceProcess.dll

C:\Users\walterlv\.nuget\packages\system.valuetuple\4.5.0\ref\portable-net40+sl4+win8+wp8\System.ValueTuple.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\System.Web.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\System.Windows.Forms.dll

D:\Walterlv\Demo\Walterlv.Demo\Code\_Externals\Refs\System.Windows.Interactivity.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\System.Xaml.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\System.Xml.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\System.Xml.Linq.dll

C:\Users\walterlv\.nuget\packages\texteditorplus\1.0.0.903\lib\NET45\TextEditorPlus.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\WindowsBase.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\WindowsFormsIntegration.dll

C:\Users\walterlv\.nuget\packages\wpfmediakit\3.0.2.78\lib\NET45\WPFMediaKit.dll

obj\Debug\Interop.IWshRuntimeLibrary.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Collections.Concurrent.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Collections.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.ComponentModel.Annotations.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.ComponentModel.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.ComponentModel.EventBasedAsync.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Diagnostics.Contracts.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Diagnostics.Debug.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Diagnostics.Tools.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Diagnostics.Tracing.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Dynamic.Runtime.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Globalization.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.IO.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Linq.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Linq.Expressions.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Linq.Parallel.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Linq.Queryable.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Net.NetworkInformation.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Net.Primitives.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Net.Requests.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.ObjectModel.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Reflection.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Reflection.Emit.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Reflection.Emit.ILGeneration.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Reflection.Emit.Lightweight.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Reflection.Extensions.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Reflection.Primitives.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Resources.ResourceManager.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Runtime.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Runtime.Extensions.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Runtime.InteropServices.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Runtime.InteropServices.WindowsRuntime.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Runtime.Numerics.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Runtime.Serialization.Json.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Runtime.Serialization.Primitives.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Runtime.Serialization.Xml.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Security.Principal.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.ServiceModel.Duplex.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.ServiceModel.Http.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.ServiceModel.NetTcp.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.ServiceModel.Primitives.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.ServiceModel.Security.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Text.Encoding.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Text.Encoding.Extensions.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Text.RegularExpressions.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Threading.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Threading.Tasks.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Threading.Tasks.Parallel.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Xml.ReaderWriter.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Xml.XDocument.dll

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.5\Facades\System.Xml.XmlSerializer.dll

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
• 5
• 6
• 7
• 8
• 9
• 10
• 11
• 12
• 13
• 14
• 15
• 16
• 17
• 18
• 19
• 20
• 21
• 22
• 23
• 24
• 25
• 26
• 27
• 28
• 29
• 30
• 31
• 32
• 33
• 34
• 35
• 36
• 37
• 38
• 39
• 40
• 41
• 42
• 43
• 44
• 45
• 46
• 47
• 48
• 49
• 50
• 51
• 52
• 53
• 54
• 55
• 56
• 57
• 58
• 59
• 60
• 61
• 62
• 63
• 64
• 65
• 66
• 67
• 68
• 69
• 70
• 71
• 72
• 73
• 74
• 75
• 76
• 77
• 78
• 79
• 80
• 81
• 82
• 83
• 84
• 85
• 86
• 87
• 88
• 89
• 90
• 91
• 92
• 93
• 94
• 95
• 96

解读原因

解析引用的 dll 的路径的 Task 是 ResolveAssemblyReference，你可以在 Microsoft.NET.Sdk 文件夹 中找到它。如果想知道 Task 是什么意思，可以阅读：理解 C# 项目 csproj 文件格式的本质和编译流程。

<ResolveAssemblyReference

    Assemblies="@(Reference)"

    AssemblyFiles="@(_ResolvedProjectReferencePaths);@(_ExplicitReference)"

    TargetFrameworkDirectories="@(_ReferenceInstalledAssemblyDirectory)"

    InstalledAssemblyTables="@(InstalledAssemblyTables);@(RedistList)"

    IgnoreDefaultInstalledAssemblyTables="$(IgnoreDefaultInstalledAssemblyTables)"

    IgnoreDefaultInstalledAssemblySubsetTables="$(IgnoreInstalledAssemblySubsetTables)"

    CandidateAssemblyFiles="@(Content);@(None)"

    SearchPaths="$(AssemblySearchPaths)"

    AllowedAssemblyExtensions="$(AllowedReferenceAssemblyFileExtensions)"

    AllowedRelatedFileExtensions="$(AllowedReferenceRelatedFileExtensions)"

    TargetProcessorArchitecture="$(ProcessorArchitecture)"

    AppConfigFile="@(_ResolveAssemblyReferencesApplicationConfigFileForExes)"

    AutoUnify="$(AutoUnifyAssemblyReferences)"

    SupportsBindingRedirectGeneration="$(GenerateBindingRedirectsOutputType)"

    IgnoreVersionForFrameworkReferences="$(IgnoreVersionForFrameworkReferences)"

    FindDependencies="$(_FindDependencies)"

    FindSatellites="$(BuildingProject)"

    FindSerializationAssemblies="$(BuildingProject)"

    FindRelatedFiles="$(BuildingProject)"

    Silent="$(ResolveAssemblyReferencesSilent)"

    TargetFrameworkVersion="$(TargetFrameworkVersion)"

    TargetFrameworkMoniker="$(TargetFrameworkMoniker)"

    TargetFrameworkMonikerDisplayName="$(TargetFrameworkMonikerDisplayName)"

    TargetedRuntimeVersion="$(TargetedRuntimeVersion)"

    StateFile="$(ResolveAssemblyReferencesStateFile)"

    InstalledAssemblySubsetTables="@(InstalledAssemblySubsetTables)"

    TargetFrameworkSubsets="@(_ReferenceInstalledAssemblySubsets)"

    FullTargetFrameworkSubsetNames="$(FullReferenceAssemblyNames)"

    FullFrameworkFolders="$(_FullFrameworkReferenceAssemblyPaths)"

    FullFrameworkAssemblyTables="@(FullFrameworkAssemblyTables)"

    ProfileName="$(TargetFrameworkProfile)"

    LatestTargetFrameworkDirectories="@(LatestTargetFrameworkDirectories)"

    CopyLocalDependenciesWhenParentReferenceInGac="$(CopyLocalDependenciesWhenParentReferenceInGac)"

    DoNotCopyLocalIfInGac="$(DoNotCopyLocalIfInGac)"

    ResolvedSDKReferences="@(ResolvedSDKReference)"

    WarnOrErrorOnTargetArchitectureMismatch="$(ResolveAssemblyWarnOrErrorOnTargetArchitectureMismatch)"

    IgnoreTargetFrameworkAttributeVersionMismatch ="$(ResolveAssemblyReferenceIgnoreTargetFrameworkAttributeVersionMismatch)"

    FindDependenciesOfExternallyResolvedReferences="$(FindDependenciesOfExternallyResolvedReferences)"

    ContinueOnError="$(ContinueOnError)"

    Condition="'@(Reference)'!='' or '@(_ResolvedProjectReferencePaths)'!='' or '@(_ExplicitReference)' != ''"

    >

    <Output TaskParameter="ResolvedFiles" ItemName="ReferencePath"/>

    <Output TaskParameter="ResolvedFiles" ItemName="_ResolveAssemblyReferenceResolvedFiles"/>

    <Output TaskParameter="ResolvedDependencyFiles" ItemName="ReferenceDependencyPaths"/>

    <Output TaskParameter="RelatedFiles" ItemName="_ReferenceRelatedPaths"/>

    <Output TaskParameter="SatelliteFiles" ItemName="ReferenceSatellitePaths"/>

    <Output TaskParameter="SerializationAssemblyFiles" ItemName="_ReferenceSerializationAssemblyPaths"/>

    <Output TaskParameter="ScatterFiles" ItemName="_ReferenceScatterPaths"/>

    <Output TaskParameter="CopyLocalFiles" ItemName="ReferenceCopyLocalPaths"/>

    <Output TaskParameter="SuggestedRedirects" ItemName="SuggestedBindingRedirects"/>

    <Output TaskParameter="FilesWritten" ItemName="FileWrites"/>

    <Output TaskParameter="DependsOnSystemRuntime" PropertyName="DependsOnSystemRuntime"/>

    <Output TaskParameter="DependsOnNETStandard" PropertyName="_DependsOnNETStandard"/>

</ResolveAssemblyReference>

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
• 5
• 6
• 7
• 8
• 9
• 10
• 11
• 12
• 13
• 14
• 15
• 16
• 17
• 18
• 19
• 20
• 21
• 22
• 23
• 24
• 25
• 26
• 27
• 28
• 29
• 30
• 31
• 32
• 33
• 34
• 35
• 36
• 37
• 38
• 39
• 40
• 41
• 42
• 43
• 44
• 45
• 46
• 47
• 48
• 49
• 50
• 51
• 52
• 53
• 54
• 55
• 56

从这个 Task 中可以看出，它还输出了以下这些属性或集合：

• ReferenceDependencyPaths
• ReferenceSatellitePaths
• ReferenceCopyLocalPaths
  • 这是需要拷贝到本地的那些 dll 的路径（不含框架自带的 dll）
• SuggestedBindingRedirects
• FileWrites
  • 要写入的一些缓存文件
• DependsOnSystemRuntime
  • 以上都是集合，唯独这是一个布尔值，表示是否依赖系统运行时

我的博客会首发于 https://walterlv.com/，而 CSDN 和博客园仅从其中摘选发布，而且一旦发布了就不再更新。

如果在博客看到有任何不懂的内容，欢迎交流。我搭建了 dotnet 职业技术学院 欢迎大家加入。

本作品采用知识共享署名-非商业性使用-相同方式共享 4.0 国际许可协议进行许可。欢迎转载、使用、重新发布，但务必保留文章署名吕毅（包含链接：https://blog.csdn.net/wpwalter），不得用于商业目的，基于本文修改后的作品务必以相同的许可发布。如有任何疑问，请与我联系。