利用并发编程,实现计算大量数据的和
实现代码:
package tj.pojo.generate.main; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import java.util.concurrent.Callable; import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException; import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService; import java.util.concurrent.Executors; import java.util.concurrent.Future; import java.util.concurrent.FutureTask; public class ConcurrentCalculator { private ExecutorService exec; private int cpuCoreNumber; private List<Future<Long>> tasks = new ArrayList<Future<Long>>(); // 内部类 class SumCalculator implements Callable<Long> { private int[] numbers; private int start; private int end; public SumCalculator(final int[] numbers, int start, int end) { this.numbers = numbers; this.start = start; this.end = end; } @Override public Long call() throws Exception { Long sum = 0L; for (int i = start; i < end; i++) { sum += numbers[i]; } System.out.println(String.format("%s~%s的和为%s", start, end, sum)); return sum; } } public ConcurrentCalculator() { cpuCoreNumber = Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors(); System.out.println("CPU核心数:" + cpuCoreNumber); exec = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(cpuCoreNumber); } public Long sum(final int[] numbers) { for (int i = 0; i < cpuCoreNumber; i++) { int increment = numbers.length / cpuCoreNumber + 1; int start = increment * i; int end = start + increment; if (end > numbers.length) { end = numbers.length; } SumCalculator task = new SumCalculator(numbers, start, end); FutureTask<Long> future = new FutureTask<Long>(task); tasks.add(future); System.out.println("添加一个任务,总任务数为:" + tasks.size()); if (!exec.isShutdown()) { exec.submit(future); // ExecutoreService提供了submit()方法,传递一个Callable,或Runnable,返回Future。 // exec.submit(task); } } System.out.println("任务分配完成,总任务数为:" + tasks.size()); return getResult(); } public Long getResult() { Long sums = 0L; for (Future<Long> task : tasks) { try { Long sum = task.get(); sums += sum; System.out.println("当前总合计:" + sums); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (ExecutionException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } return sums; } public void close() { exec.shutdown(); } }
其中,在代码的第62行~第64行,由于不了解ExecutoreService.submit(Runnable task)方法的功能。
同时FutureTask<Long> future和SumCalculator task都实现了Runnable接口,造成代码调用时,进程一直不结束。
传递了FutureTask<Long> future才正确执行。
exec.submit(future); // ExecutoreService提供了submit()方法,传递一个Callable,或Runnable,返回Future。 // exec.submit(task);
测试方法:
public static void test() { int[] numbers = new int[100]; for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) { numbers[i] = i + 1; } tj.pojo.generate.main.ConcurrentCalculator cc = new tj.pojo.generate.main.ConcurrentCalculator(); Long sum = cc.sum(numbers); System.out.println("1~100的和为" + sum); cc.close(); }
FutureTask的实现代码:
public class FutureTask<V> implements RunnableFuture<V>
FutureTask类实现了RunnableFuture接口,RunnableFuture接口的实现代码:
public interface RunnableFuture<V> extends Runnable, Future<V> {
void run();
}
可以看出RunnableFuture继承了Runnable接口和Future接口,而FutureTask实现了RunnableFuture接口。
所以它既可以作为Runnable被线程执行,又可以作为Future得到Callable的返回值。
事实上,FutureTask是Future接口的一个唯一实现类。
并发编程的两种实现形式:
1):使用Callable+Future获取执行结果
public class Test { public static void main(String[] args) { ExecutorService executor = Executors.newCachedThreadPool(); Task task = new Task(); Future<Integer> result = executor.submit(task); executor.shutdown(); try { Thread.sleep(1000); } catch (InterruptedException e1) { e1.printStackTrace(); } System.out.println("主线程在执行任务"); try { System.out.println("task运行结果"+result.get()); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (ExecutionException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } System.out.println("所有任务执行完毕"); } } class Task implements Callable<Integer>{ @Override public Integer call() throws Exception { System.out.println("子线程在进行计算"); Thread.sleep(3000); int sum = 0; for(int i=0;i<100;i++) sum += i; return sum; } }
2):使用Callable+FutureTask获取执行结果
public class Test { public static void main(String[] args) { //第一种方式 ExecutorService executor = Executors.newCachedThreadPool(); Task task = new Task(); FutureTask<Integer> futureTask = new FutureTask<Integer>(task); executor.submit(futureTask); executor.shutdown(); //第二种方式,注意这种方式和第一种方式效果是类似的,只不过一个使用的是ExecutorService,一个使用的是Thread /*Task task = new Task(); FutureTask<Integer> futureTask = new FutureTask<Integer>(task); Thread thread = new Thread(futureTask); thread.start();*/ try { Thread.sleep(1000); } catch (InterruptedException e1) { e1.printStackTrace(); } System.out.println("主线程在执行任务"); try { System.out.println("task运行结果"+futureTask.get()); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (ExecutionException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } System.out.println("所有任务执行完毕"); } } class Task implements Callable<Integer>{ @Override public Integer call() throws Exception { System.out.println("子线程在进行计算"); Thread.sleep(3000); int sum = 0; for(int i=0;i<100;i++) sum += i; return sum; } }
本文版权归作者和博客园共有,欢迎转载,但未经作者同意必须保留此段声明,且在文章页面明显位置给出原文连接,否则保留追究法律责任的权利。
博文来源广泛,如原作者认为我侵犯知识产权,请尽快给我发邮件
359031282@qq.com联系,我将以第一时间删除相关内容。