#通过位置

print '{0},{1}'.format('chuhao',20)

print '{},{}'.format('chuhao',20)

print '{1},{0},{1}'.format('chuhao',20)

#通过关键字参数

print '{name},{age}'.format(age=18,name='chuhao')

class Person:

    def __init__(self,name,age):

        self.name = name

        self.age = age

    def __str__(self):

        return 'This guy is {self.name},is {self.age} old'.format(self=self)

print str(Person('chuhao',18))


#通过映射 list

a_list = ['chuhao',20,'china']

print 'my name is {0[0]},from {0[2]},age is {0[1]}'.format(a_list)

#my name is chuhao,from china,age is 20


#通过映射 dict

b_dict = {'name':'chuhao','age':20,'province':'shanxi'}

print 'my name is {name}, age is {age},from {province}'.format(**b_dict)

#my name is chuhao, age is 20,from shanxi


#填充与对齐

print '{:>8}'.format('189')

#     189

print '{:0>8}'.format('189')

#00000189

print '{:a>8}'.format('189')

#aaaaa189


#精度与类型f

#保留两位小数

print '{:.2f}'.format(321.33345)

#321.33


#用来做金额的千位分隔符

print '{:,}'.format(1234567890)

#1,234,567,890


#其他类型 主要就是进制了，b、d、o、x分别是二进制、十进制、八进制、十六进制。

print '{:b}'.format(18) #二进制 10010

print '{:d}'.format(18) #十进制 18

print '{:o}'.format(18) #八进制 22

print '{:x}'.format(18) #十六进制12