MySQL 5.7 基于 binlog 的主从复制

编译安装 MySQL

1. 安装依赖包

yum install -y  gcc gcc-c++ cmake ncurses ncurses-devel bison

2. 下载含有 boost 的源码包

wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-boost-5.7.25.tar.gz

3. 添加用户

useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql

4. 创建所需目录（data 目录、安装目录）

mkdir -p /data/mysql/data /usr/local/mysql

/data/mysql/data 目录应为空目录

5. 解压

tar -zxf mysql-boost-5.7.25.tar.gz -C /usr/local/mysql/

6. 编译安装

cd /usr/local/mysql/mysql-5.7.25
cmake -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH_BOOST=boost
make && make install

7. 更改目录属性

chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql

8. 修改配置文件（没有则新建）

vim /etc/my.cnf
[client]
port        = 3306
socket      = /tmp/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
port        = 3306
socket      = /tmp/mysql.sock
user = mysql

basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/mysql/data
pid-file = /data/mysql/mysql.pid

log_error = /data/mysql/mysql-error.log
slow_query_log = 1
long_query_time = 1
slow_query_log_file = /data/mysql/mysql-slow.log

skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 32M
max_allowed_packet = 1024M
table_open_cache = 128
sort_buffer_size = 768K
net_buffer_length = 8K
read_buffer_size = 768K
read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M
thread_cache_size = 16
query_cache_size = 16M
tmp_table_size = 32M
performance_schema_max_table_instances = 1000

explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true
#skip-networking
max_connections = 500
max_connect_errors = 100
open_files_limit = 65535

log_bin=mysql-bin
binlog_format=mixed
server_id   = 232
expire_logs_days = 10
early-plugin-load = ""

default_storage_engine = InnoDB
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
innodb_log_file_size = 32M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash

[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 32M
sort_buffer_size = 768K
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M

也可以从 /usr/local/mysql/support-files 这个目录复制 my-default.cnf 到 /etc/ 下作为 my.cnf 配置文件

9. 初始化 MySQL

cd /usr/local/mysql/bin
./mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/data

在初始化时，一定要加上命令中所示参数，而且在执行这一步操作前，/data/mysql/data 这个目录必须是空的；在这里指定的 basedir 和 datadir 目录必须要和 /etc/my.cnf 配置的目录一致。

10. 拷贝可执行文件

cd ../support-files
cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

11. 启动

/etc/init.d/mysqld start

12. 修改环境变量

echo "PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH" >> /etc/profile
source /etc/profile

13. 添加 MySQL 为系统服务并设置开机自启

vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysql.service
[Unit]
Description=Mysql
After=syslog.target network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target

[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/data/mysql/mysql.pid
ExecStart=/etc/init.d/mysqld start
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
ExecStop=/bin/kill -s QUIT $MAINPID
PrivateTmp=false

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable mysql  // 设置开机自启
# 其他可用命令有
systemctl start mysql   // 启动
systemctl stop mysql    // 停止
systemctl restart mysql // 重启

14. 测试连接

mysql -hlocalhost -uroot -p  // 无需密码，可直接登录

配置双主+主从复制

1. 修改 root 密码

use mysql;
update user set authentication_string=password(‘%@cSX@PQ2qK^95L7my$C‘) where user=‘root‘ and host=‘localhost‘;
flush privileges;

2. 重新登录

mysql -hlocalhost -uroot -p
Enter password: %@cSX@PQ2qK^95L7my$C
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.7.25-log Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

3. 修改配置文件

# 确保每一个 MySQL 服务的 server_id 唯一
# 在需要配置双主的 MySQL 中添加如下内容
[mysqld]
sync_binlog=1
log-slave-updates
auto_increment_increment = 2
auto_increment_offset = 2

4. 重启 Mysql

systemctl restart mysql

5. 同步配置

mysql -hlocalhost -uroot -p
Enter password: 
# master 上增加用于同步的 sync 用户即可
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO ‘sync‘@‘172.40.%‘ IDENTIFIED  BY ‘Xf8NehD72shBfsc#‘;
mysql> flush privileges;
# 设置同步 master1
mysql> change master to 
master_host = ‘172.40.1.117‘, 
master_user = ‘sync‘, 
master_password = ‘Xf8NehD72shBfsc#‘, 
master_log_file = ‘mysql-bin.000002‘,
master_log_pos = 1482;
# 设置同步 master2
mysql> change master to 
master_host = ‘172.40.0.149‘, 
master_user = ‘sync‘, 
master_password = ‘Xf8NehD72shBfsc#‘, 
master_log_file = ‘mysql-bin.000002‘,
master_log_pos = 1482;
# 启动 slave
mysql> start slave;
# 查看同步状态
mysql> show slave status\G

查找 master_log_file 及 master_log_pos
show master status;

Slave_IO_Running: Yes 与 Slave_SQL_Running: Yes 若不为 Yes，解决如下：
https://www.cnblogs.com/l-hh/p/9922548.html#_label2

MySQL 5.7 基于 binlog 的主从复制