Oracle12c DG环境搭建级联备库

2022-10-16 09:13:47

1 说明

在11.2及以上版本支持级联备库，就是第二备库从第一个备库接受redo日志，而不是直接从主库接受redo日志。这样会减少主库的压力。实际上和正常搭建DG没什么区别，只是改一下参数即可，这里通过采用ADG方式来搭建。

最多支持30个级联备库，为啥呢？因为LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_n，只有31个。

2 实验

更多详细信息，参考官方文档：http://docs.oracle.com/database/121/SBYDB/log_transport.htm#SBYDB5126

2.1 准备工作

和正常搭建DG一样，安装数据库软件，创建相应的目录，拷贝参数文件，密码文件等。我这里演示的是，添加第三个级联备库过程。

2.2 主库修改参数

SQL> Alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(cndba_p,cndba_s,cndba_ss)' scope=both;

2.3 第一备库修改参数

SQL> Alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(cndba_p,cndba_s,cndba_ss)' scope=both;
SQL> alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2= 'SERVICE=cndba_ss VALID_FOR=(STANDBY_LOGFILES,STANDBY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=cndba_ss' scope=spfile;

2.4 第二备库修改参数

*.DB_UNIQUE_NAME=cndba_ss
*.FAL_SERVER=cndba_s
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(cndba_p,cndba_s,cndba_ss)'
*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='LOCATION= USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=cndba_ss'

2.5 主备库创建TNSNAME

CNDBA_SS =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.173)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVICE_NAME = cndba)
    )
  )
  
[oracle@12cdg-p ~]$ tnsping cndba_ss
TNS Ping Utility for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on 16-AUG-2017 17:36:54
Copyright (c) 1997, 2014, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
Used parameter files:
/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/db_1/network/admin/sqlnet.ora
Used TNSNAMES adapter to resolve the alias
Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.173)(PORT = 1521))) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVICE_NAME = cndba)))
OK (0 msec)

2.6 将第二备库启动到nomount

SQL> startup nomount pfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/db_1/dbs/initcndba.ora';
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 2348810240 bytes
Fixed Size	    2927048 bytes
Variable Size	 1409287736 bytes
Database Buffers	  922746880 bytes
Redo Buffers	   13848576 bytes

2.7 开始DUPLICATE

注意：还是主库和第二备库的DUPLICATE

[oracle@12cdg-p ~]$ rman target [email protected]_p auxiliary [email protected]_ss

Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on Wed Aug 16 17:38:28 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: CNDBA (DBID=216462194)

connected to auxiliary database: CNDBA (not mounted)

RMAN> duplicate target database for standby from active database nofilenamecheck;

Starting Duplicate Db at 16-AUG-17

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=23 device type=DISK

 

contents of Memory Script:

{

   backup as copy reuse

   targetfile  '/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/db_1/dbs/orapwcndba' auxiliary format

 '/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/db_1/dbs/orapwcndba'   ;

}

executing Memory Script

 

Starting backup at 16-AUG-17

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=1 device type=DISK

Finished backup at 16-AUG-17

 

contents of Memory Script:

{

   restore clone from service  'cndba_p' standby controlfile;

}

executing Memory Script

 

Starting restore at 16-AUG-17

using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1

 

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service cndba_p

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring control file

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:04

output file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/control01.ctl

output file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/cndba/control02.ctl

Finished restore at 16-AUG-17

 

contents of Memory Script:

{

   sql clone 'alter database mount standby database';

}

executing Memory Script

 

sql statement: alter database mount standby database

 

contents of Memory Script:

{

   set newname for tempfile  1 to

 "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/temp01.dbf";

   set newname for tempfile  2 to

 "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/pdbseed/pdbseed_temp012017-08-14_12-17-51-PM.dbf";

   set newname for tempfile  3 to

 "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/sihong/temp012017-08-14_12-17-51-PM.dbf";

   switch clone tempfile all;

   set newname for datafile  1 to

 "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/system01.dbf";

   set newname for datafile  3 to

 "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/sysaux01.dbf";

   set newname for datafile  4 to

 "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/undotbs01.dbf";

   set newname for datafile  5 to

 "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/pdbseed/system01.dbf";

   set newname for datafile  6 to

 "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/users01.dbf";

   set newname for datafile  7 to

 "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf";

   set newname for datafile  8 to

 "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/sihong/system01.dbf";

   set newname for datafile  9 to

 "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/sihong/sysaux01.dbf";

   set newname for datafile  10 to

 "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/sihong/sihong_users01.dbf";

   restore

   from service  'cndba_p'   clone database

   ;

   sql 'alter system archive log current';

}

executing Memory Script

executing command: SET NEWNAME

executing command: SET NEWNAME

executing command: SET NEWNAME

renamed tempfile 1 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/temp01.dbf in control file

renamed tempfile 2 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/pdbseed/pdbseed_temp012017-08-14_12-17-51-PM.dbf in control file

renamed tempfile 3 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/sihong/temp012017-08-14_12-17-51-PM.dbf in control file

executing command: SET NEWNAME

executing command: SET NEWNAME

executing command: SET NEWNAME

executing command: SET NEWNAME

executing command: SET NEWNAME

executing command: SET NEWNAME

executing command: SET NEWNAME

executing command: SET NEWNAME

executing command: SET NEWNAME

Starting restore at 16-AUG-17

using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service cndba_p

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/system01.dbf

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:35

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service cndba_p

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/sysaux01.dbf

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:26

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service cndba_p

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/undotbs01.dbf

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service cndba_p

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00005 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/pdbseed/system01.dbf

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service cndba_p

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00006 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/users01.dbf

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service cndba_p

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00007 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service cndba_p

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00008 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/sihong/system01.dbf

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:16

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service cndba_p

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00009 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/sihong/sysaux01.dbf

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service cndba_p

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00010 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/sihong/sihong_users01.dbf

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished restore at 16-AUG-17

sql statement: alter system archive log current

contents of Memory Script:

{

   switch clone datafile all;

}

executing Memory Script

 

datafile 1 switched to datafile copy

input datafile copy RECID=3 STAMP=952191686 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/system01.dbf

datafile 3 switched to datafile copy

input datafile copy RECID=4 STAMP=952191686 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/sysaux01.dbf

datafile 4 switched to datafile copy

input datafile copy RECID=5 STAMP=952191686 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/undotbs01.dbf

datafile 5 switched to datafile copy

input datafile copy RECID=6 STAMP=952191686 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/pdbseed/system01.dbf

datafile 6 switched to datafile copy

input datafile copy RECID=7 STAMP=952191686 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/users01.dbf

datafile 7 switched to datafile copy

input datafile copy RECID=8 STAMP=952191686 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf

datafile 8 switched to datafile copy

input datafile copy RECID=9 STAMP=952191686 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/sihong/system01.dbf

datafile 9 switched to datafile copy

input datafile copy RECID=10 STAMP=952191686 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/sihong/sysaux01.dbf

datafile 10 switched to datafile copy

input datafile copy RECID=11 STAMP=952191686 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cndba/sihong/sihong_users01.dbf

Finished Duplicate Db at 16-AUG-17

2.8 打开第二备库并启用MRP

SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.

SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect;
Database altered.

–查看MRP进程

SQL> select process,status from v$managed_standby;
PROCESS   STATUS
--------- ------------
ARCH	  CLOSING
ARCH	  CLOSING
ARCH	  CONNECTED
ARCH	  CLOSING
RFS	  IDLE
RFS	  IDLE
RFS	  IDLE
MRP0	  WAIT_FOR_LOG

8 rows selected.

–数据库状态

SQL> select database_role,open_mode from v$database; 
DATABASE_ROLE	 OPEN_MODE
---------------- --------------------
PHYSICAL STANDBY READ ONLY WITH APPLY

2.9 查看日志序列号

主库：

SQL> select max(sequence#) from v$archived_log;

MAX(SEQUENCE#)
--------------
    46

第一备库：

SQL> select max(sequence#) from v$archived_log;
MAX(SEQUENCE#)
--------------
    46

第二备库：

SQL> select max(sequence#) from v$archived_log;
MAX(SEQUENCE#)
--------------
    46

2.9.1 主库切换日志

SQL> alter system switch logfile;
System altered.

–再查看日志序列号，全部都为47

SQL> select max(sequence#) from v$archived_log;
MAX(SEQUENCE#)
--------------
    47

至此级联备库搭建成功。

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