如果要自己定义STL容器的元素类最好满足STL容器对元素的要求
必须要求:
1、Copy构造函数
2、赋值=操作符
3、能够销毁对象的析构函数
另外:
1、可用的缺省构造函数,序列型容器必须,用于初始化元素
2、==操作符定义,用于判断相等
3、<操作符定义,关联型容器必须,用于缺省排序
你可在struct內加入 operator < ,就可以使struct有排序能力.
因為而你的pcd struct內沒有指針,所以不須要有copy constructor
和copy assignment, 編譯器會為你提供的, 你不須要自己做的.
當你要排序時只要寫 sort( obj.begin(), obj.end() )就可.
以上内容取自帖子:http://bbs.csdn.net/topics/40228627
另一篇参考地址:http://blog.csdn.net/tigernana/article/details/7293758
以下取自帖子:http://blog.csdn.net/guang11cheng/article/details/7556697
三种方式实现vector的自定义排序
方法1:重载运算符
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <functional> using namespace std;
struct TItem
{
int m_i32Type;
int m_i32ID; bool operator <(const TItem& rhs) const // 升序排序时必须写的函数
{
return m_i32Type < rhs.m_i32Type;
}
bool operator >(const TItem& rhs) const // 降序排序时必须写的函数
{
return m_i32Type > rhs.m_i32Type;
}
};
int main()
{
vector<TItem> stItemVec; TItem stItem1;
stItem1.m_i32Type = 1;
stItem1.m_i32ID = 1; TItem stItem2;
stItem2.m_i32Type = 2;
stItem2.m_i32ID = 2; TItem stItem3;
stItem3.m_i32Type = 3;
stItem3.m_i32ID = 3; TItem stItem4;
stItem4.m_i32Type = 2;
stItem4.m_i32ID = 4; stItemVec.push_back(stItem1);
stItemVec.push_back(stItem2);
stItemVec.push_back(stItem3);
stItemVec.push_back(stItem4); // 升序排序
sort(stItemVec.begin(), stItemVec.end(), less<TItem>());
// 或者sort(ctn.begin(), ctn.end()); 默认情况为升序 for (size_t i = 0; i < stItemVec.size(); i++)
printf("type: %d, id: %d\n", stItemVec[i].m_i32Type, stItemVec[i].m_i32ID); printf("--\n"); // 降序排序
sort(stItemVec.begin(), stItemVec.end(), greater<TItem>()); for (size_t i = 0; i < stItemVec.size(); i++)
printf("type: %d, id: %d\n", stItemVec[i].m_i32Type, stItemVec[i].m_i32ID); return 0;
}
方法2:全局的比较函数
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <functional> using namespace std; struct TItem
{
int m_i32Type;
int m_i32ID;
}; bool lessmark(const TItem& stItem1, const TItem& stItem2)
{
return stItem1.m_i32Type < stItem2.m_i32Type;
} bool greatermark(const TItem& stItem1, const TItem& stItem2)
{
return stItem1.m_i32Type > stItem2.m_i32Type;
} int main()
{
vector<TItem> stItemVec; TItem stItem1;
stItem1.m_i32Type = 1;
stItem1.m_i32ID = 1; TItem stItem2;
stItem2.m_i32Type = 2;
stItem2.m_i32ID = 2; TItem stItem3;
stItem3.m_i32Type = 3;
stItem3.m_i32ID = 3; TItem stItem4;
stItem4.m_i32Type = 2;
stItem4.m_i32ID = 4; stItemVec.push_back(stItem1);
stItemVec.push_back(stItem2);
stItemVec.push_back(stItem3);
stItemVec.push_back(stItem4); sort(stItemVec.begin(), stItemVec.end(), lessmark); //升序排序 for (size_t i = 0; i < stItemVec.size(); i++)
printf("type: %d, id: %d\n", stItemVec[i].m_i32Type, stItemVec[i].m_i32ID); printf("--\n"); sort(stItemVec.begin(), stItemVec.end(), greatermark); //降序排序 for (size_t i = 0; i < stItemVec.size(); i++)
printf("type: %d, id: %d\n", stItemVec[i].m_i32Type, stItemVec[i].m_i32ID); return 0;
}
方法3:函数对象
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <functional> using namespace std; struct TItem
{
int m_i32Type;
int m_i32ID;
}; class CompLess
{
public:
bool operator ()(const TItem& stItem1, const TItem& stItem2)
{
return stItem1.m_i32Type < stItem2.m_i32Type;
}
}; class CompGreater
{
public:
bool operator ()(const TItem& stItem1, const TItem& stItem2)
{
return stItem1.m_i32Type > stItem2.m_i32Type;
}
}; int main()
{
vector<TItem> stItemVec; TItem stItem1;
stItem1.m_i32Type = 1;
stItem1.m_i32ID = 1; TItem stItem2;
stItem2.m_i32Type = 2;
stItem2.m_i32ID = 2; TItem stItem3;
stItem3.m_i32Type = 3;
stItem3.m_i32ID = 3; TItem stItem4;
stItem4.m_i32Type = 2;
stItem4.m_i32ID = 4; stItemVec.push_back(stItem1);
stItemVec.push_back(stItem2);
stItemVec.push_back(stItem3);
stItemVec.push_back(stItem4); sort(stItemVec.begin(), stItemVec.end(), CompLess()); //升序排序 for (size_t i = 0; i < stItemVec.size(); i++)
printf("type: %d, id: %d\n", stItemVec[i].m_i32Type, stItemVec[i].m_i32ID); printf("--\n"); sort(stItemVec.begin(), stItemVec.end(), CompGreater()); //降序排序 for (size_t i = 0; i < stItemVec.size(); i++)
printf("type: %d, id: %d\n", stItemVec[i].m_i32Type, stItemVec[i].m_i32ID); return 0;
} /*
结果如下:
type: 1, id: 1
type: 2, id: 2
type: 2, id: 4
type: 3, id: 3
--
type: 3, id: 3
type: 2, id: 2
type: 2, id: 4
type: 1, id: 1
可以看出vector的sort的稳定的。
*/
问题:
1,示例代码中只有>和<关系处理,==关系是如何推导出来的?
2,排序时要移动元素,效率怎样?
3,如果自定义结构定义在一个类的内部,使用函数对象进行排序,这个函数对象可以作为类的成员函数吗?
4,在上面的例子中,vector中存放的都是结构(对象)本身,如果存放的是结构指针,该如何排序呢?此时只能通过全局的比较函数或者函数对象来做,且比较函数的参数要是指针类型的,如下:
(1)全局的比较函数
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <functional> using namespace std; struct TItem
{
int m_i32Type;
int m_i32ID;
}; bool CompLess(const TItem* pstItem1, const TItem* pstItem2)
{
return pstItem1->m_i32Type < pstItem2->m_i32Type;
} bool CompGreater(const TItem* pstItem1, const TItem* pstItem2)
{
return pstItem1->m_i32Type > pstItem2->m_i32Type;
} int main()
{
vector<TItem*> stItemVec; TItem stItem1;
stItem1.m_i32Type = 1;
stItem1.m_i32ID = 1; TItem stItem2;
stItem2.m_i32Type = 2;
stItem2.m_i32ID = 2; TItem stItem3;
stItem3.m_i32Type = 3;
stItem3.m_i32ID = 3; TItem stItem4;
stItem4.m_i32Type = 2;
stItem4.m_i32ID = 4; stItemVec.push_back(&stItem1);
stItemVec.push_back(&stItem2);
stItemVec.push_back(&stItem3);
stItemVec.push_back(&stItem4); sort(stItemVec.begin(), stItemVec.end(), CompLess); //升序排序 for (size_t i = 0; i < stItemVec.size(); i++)
printf("type: %d, id: %d\n", stItemVec[i]->m_i32Type, stItemVec[i]->m_i32ID); printf("--\n"); sort(stItemVec.begin(), stItemVec.end(), CompGreater); //降序排序 for (size_t i = 0; i < stItemVec.size(); i++)
printf("type: %d, id: %d\n", stItemVec[i]->m_i32Type, stItemVec[i]->m_i32ID); return 0;
}
(2)函数对象
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <functional> using namespace std; struct TItem
{
int m_i32Type;
int m_i32ID;
}; class CompLess
{
public:
bool operator ()(const TItem* pstItem1, const TItem* pstItem2)
{
return pstItem1->m_i32Type < pstItem2->m_i32Type;
}
}; class CompGreater
{
public:
bool operator ()(const TItem* pstItem1, const TItem* pstItem2)
{
return pstItem1->m_i32Type > pstItem2->m_i32Type;
}
}; int main()
{
vector<TItem*> stItemVec; TItem stItem1;
stItem1.m_i32Type = 1;
stItem1.m_i32ID = 1; TItem stItem2;
stItem2.m_i32Type = 2;
stItem2.m_i32ID = 2; TItem stItem3;
stItem3.m_i32Type = 3;
stItem3.m_i32ID = 3; TItem stItem4;
stItem4.m_i32Type = 2;
stItem4.m_i32ID = 4; stItemVec.push_back(&stItem1);
stItemVec.push_back(&stItem2);
stItemVec.push_back(&stItem3);
stItemVec.push_back(&stItem4); sort(stItemVec.begin(), stItemVec.end(), CompLess()); //升序排序 for (size_t i = 0; i < stItemVec.size(); i++)
printf("type: %d, id: %d\n", stItemVec[i]->m_i32Type, stItemVec[i]->m_i32ID); printf("--\n"); sort(stItemVec.begin(), stItemVec.end(), CompGreater()); //降序排序 for (size_t i = 0; i < stItemVec.size(); i++)
printf("type: %d, id: %d\n", stItemVec[i]->m_i32Type, stItemVec[i]->m_i32ID); return 0;
}