DHCP的作用

• 分配IP地址等网络参数，减少管理员的工作量，避免用户手工配置网络参数时造成的地址冲突
• DHCP服务器能够为大量主机分配IP地址，并能够集中管理

DHCP报文类型

DHCP DISCOVER     (广播)	客户端用来寻找DHCP服务器
DHCP OFFER           (单播)	DHCP服务器用来响应DHCP DISCOVER报文次报文携带了各种配置信息
DHCP REQUEST       (广播)	客户端请求配置确认，或者续租
DHCP ACK               (单播)	服务器对REQUEST报文的确认响应
DHCP NAK	服务器对REQUEST报文的拒绝响应
DHCP RELEASE	客户端要释放地址时用来通知服务器

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ARG3系列路由器可以划分 接口地址池 和全局地址池

 

 接口地址池配置的方法

 

 全局地址池配置的方法

 

 

 DHCP获取IP地址在终端

调试DHCP模式  然后打开ipconfig 命令

ipconfig /renew     获取IP地址

ipconfig /release   释放IP地址

实验例题

 

 先配置路由器

<Huawei>sys
[Huawei]sys SW1
[SW1]v b 10 20
[SW1]int e0/0/1
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/1]p l a
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/1]p d v 10
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/1]un sh
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/1]int e0/0/2
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/2]p l a
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/2]p d v 20
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/3]un sh
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/2]int e0/0/3
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/3]p l a
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/3]p d v 10
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/4]un sh
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/2]int e0/0/4
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/3]p l a
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/3]p d v 20
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/4]un sh
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/4]int g0/0/1
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]p l t
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]p t a v 10 20
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]un sh

　配置路由器R2

<Huawei>sys
[Huawei]sys R2
[R2]dhcp enable
[R2]int g0/0/1.10
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.10]d t v 10
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.10]ip add 192.168.10.1 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.10]a b e
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.10]dhcp select relay
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.10]dhcp relay server-ip 14.0.0.2
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.10]int g0/0/1.20
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.20]d t v 20
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.20]ip add 192.168.20.1 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.20]a b e
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.20]dhcp select relay
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.20]dhcp relay server-ip 14.0.0.2
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.10]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.0.0.1 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]un sh
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/2
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 14.0.0.1 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]un sh
[R2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 12.0.0.2

　　配置路由器R3

<Huawei>sys
[Huawei]sys R3
[R3]dhcp enable 
[R3]int g0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.0.0.2 24
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]dhcp select relay 
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]dhcp relay server-ip 14.0.0.2
[R3]int g0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 15.0.0.1 24
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.10.0 24 12.0.0.1
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.20.0 24 12.0.0.1
[R3]ip route-static 14.0.0.0 24 12.0.0.1

　　配置路由器R4

<Huawei>sys
[Huawei]sys R4 
[R4]dhcp enable
[R4]int g0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 14.0.0.2 24
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]dhcp select global 
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[R4]ip route-static 15.0.0.0 24 12.0.0.2
[R4]ip pool DHCP15
[R4-ip-pool-DHCP15]netbios-type
[R4-ip-pool-DHCP15]network 15.0.0.0 mask 24
[R4-ip-pool-DHCP15]gateway-list 15.0.0.1
[R4-ip-pool-DHCP15]dns-list 8.8.8.8 2.2.2.2
[R4-ip-pool-DHCP15]ip pool DHCPvlan10
[R4-ip-pool-DHCPvlan10]network 192.168.10.0 mask 24
[R4-ip-pool-DHCPvlan10]gateway-list 192.168.10.1
[R4-ip-pool-DHCPvlan10]dns-list 8.8.8.8 2.2.2.2
[R4-ip-pool-DHCPvlan10]ip pool DHCPvlan20
[R4-ip-pool-DHCPvlan20]network 192.168.20.0 mask 24
[R4-ip-pool-DHCPvlan20]gateway-list 192.168.20.1
[R4-ip-pool-DHCPvlan20]dns-list 8.8.8.8 2.2.2.2
[R4-ip-pool-DHCPvlan20]q
[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 14.0.0.1