一、RechclerView简介。
RecyclerView比listview更先进更灵活,对于很多的视图它就是一个容器,可以有效的重用和滚动。
1.可以通过设置LayoutManager可以实现Listview和横向Listview,GridView,横向Gridview和瀑布流等效果。
2.可以通过addItemDecoration添加Item分割线。
3.可以通过setItemAnimator()设置Item的增加和移除动画。
二、RecyclerView相关类介绍。
1、RecyclerView.Adapter:负责托管数据集,为每一项Item创建布局并绑定数据。
2、RecyclerView.ItemDecoration,给Item添加分割线。需要继承该类自定义一个类。
3、RecyclerView.ItemAnimator负责处理Item增加或删除时的动画效果,系统提供了一个默认的动画类DefaultItemAnimator()。
4、RecyclerView.ViewHolder:负责承载Item视图的子布局。
class MyViewHolder extends ViewHolder {
// Item子布局上的一个元素
TextView textView;
public MyViewHolder(View itemView) {
super(itemView);
// 关联引动该元素 ,在item.xml中findView,注意不要忘写(itemview.)
textView = (TextView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.textView);
}
}
5、RecyclerView.LayoutManager:布局管理器,负责Item视图的布局的显示管理。分为:
(1)、LinearLayoutManager,类似Listview
他有两个构造函数:
LinearLayoutManager(Context context)//默认方向为垂直方向。
LinearLayoutManager(Context context, int orientation, boolean reverseLayout)
//其中第二个参数orientation表示布局的方向,可以取两个值:垂直和水平。分别是纵向Listview的效果和横向Listview的效果。第三个参数reverseLayout表示是否反向布局(即纵向Listview上下颠倒),若为true,纵向Listview默认在最底部,而且第一项在最低下。(若是不明白的话,自己写一个Demo看看)
(2)、GridLayoutManager,类似GridView
三种构造函数:
GridLayoutManager(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr, int defStyleRes) //可以直接在XMl中设置RecyclerView 属性”layoutManager”.
GridLayoutManager(Context context, int spanCount) //spanCount为列数,默认方向vertical
GridLayoutManager(Context context, int spanCount, int orientation, boolean reverseLayout)
//spanCount为列数,orientation为布局方向,reverseLayout决定布局是否反向。
(2)、StaggeredGridLayoutManager流式布局
两个构造函数:
StaggeredGridLayoutManager(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr, int defStyleRes)
StaggeredGridLayoutManager(int spanCount, int orientation) //spanCount为列数,orientation为布局方向
三、基本使用
1、导入android-support-v7-recyclerview
2、Activity布局文件
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context="com.raphets.recyclerview.MainActivity" >
<android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView
android:id="@+id/recyclerView"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent" />
</RelativeLayout>
3、Item的布局文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="50dp"
android:background="#0099ff"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textView"
android:layout_width="120dp"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_gravity="center"
android:gravity="center" />
</LinearLayout>
4、Activity类,RecyclerView的主要代码
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private RecyclerView mRecyclerView;
private List<String> mDatas;
private MyRecylerViewAdapter adapter;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
// 初始化数据
initData();
mRecyclerView = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.recyclerView);
adapter = new MyRecylerViewAdapter(this, mDatas);
//绑定适配器
mRecyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
// 给每个item添加分割线
mRecyclerView.addItemDecoration(new DividerItemDecoration(this, DividerItemDecoration.VERTICAL_LIST));
// 设置item增加和移除的动画
mRecyclerView.setItemAnimator(new DefaultItemAnimator());
// 设置布局管理器
LinearLayoutManager linearLayoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this);
mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(linearLayoutManager);
}
/*
* 初始化数据
*/
private void initData() {
mDatas = new ArrayList<String>();
for (int i = 0; i <= 50; i++) {
mDatas.add("item---" + i);
}
}
@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
int id = item.getItemId();
switch (id) {
case R.id.listview:
mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(new LinearLayoutManager(this, OrientationHelper.VERTICAL, false));
break;
case R.id.gridView:
mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(new GridLayoutManager(this, 3));
break;
case R.id.horizonalListview:
mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(new LinearLayoutManager(this, OrientationHelper.HORIZONTAL, false));
break;
case R.id.horizonalGridview:
mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(new GridLayoutManager(this, 5, OrientationHelper.HORIZONTAL, false));
break;
case R.id.add:
adapter.notifyItemInserted(1);
break;
case R.id.delete:
adapter.notifyItemRemoved(1);
break;
default:
break;
}
return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
}
}
5、适配器Adapter
public class MyRecylerViewAdapter extends Adapter<MyViewHolder> {
private Context mContext;
private List<String> mDatas;
public MyRecylerViewAdapter(Context context, List<String> datas) {
this.mContext = context;
this.mDatas = datas;
}
@Override
public int getItemCount() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return mDatas.size();
}
@Override
public void onBindViewHolder(MyViewHolder arg0, int arg1) {
arg0.textView.setText(mDatas.get(arg1));
}
@Override
public MyViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup arg0, int arg1) {
View view = LayoutInflater.from(mContext).inflate(R.layout.item, arg0, false);
MyViewHolder holder = new MyViewHolder(view);
return holder;
}
}
class MyViewHolder extends ViewHolder {
// Item子布局上的一个元素
TextView textView;
public MyViewHolder(View itemView) {
super(itemView);
// 关联引动该元素 ,在item.xml中findView,注意不要忘写(itemview.)
textView = (TextView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.textView);
}
}
下拉后从上端刷新
(在demo中是名为PullDownRefresh的module)
下拉从上端刷新,这个比较简单。在布局文件里,用SwipeRefreshLayout把RecyclerView包在里面,然后再在java代码里面写下拉的响应事件就好了。下面直接写代码:
1.布局文件,把RecyclerView放在SwipeRefreshLayout里:
<android.support.v4.widget.SwipeRefreshLayout
android:id="@+id/srl"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView
android:id="@+id/rv"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"/>
2.java代码:
//列表
recyclerView= (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.rv);
recyclerView.setLayoutManager(new LinearLayoutManager(this));
//添加数据
list=new ArrayList<>();
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
list.add("第"+i+"项");
}
adapter=new ItemAdapter(list,this);
recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
//下拉加载控件
swipeRefreshLayout= (SwipeRefreshLayout) findViewById(R.id.srl);
swipeRefreshLayout.setColorSchemeColors(Color.BLUE);//设置旋转圈的颜色
//下拉监听
swipeRefreshLayout.setOnRefreshListener(new SwipeRefreshLayout.OnRefreshListener() {
@Override
public void onRefresh() {
list.add(0,"下拉加载出现的:"+i++);
adapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
swipeRefreshLayout.setRefreshing(false);//设置成true的话,下拉过后就会一直在那里转
}
});
(在demo中是名为PullUpRefresh的module)
3.上拉从下端刷新
设置一个监听器,在上拉到开始显示最下面一项时,加载更多项。
监听器EndLessOnScrollListener代码:
public abstract class EndLessOnScrollListener extends RecyclerView.OnScrollListener {
private static final String TAG = "EndLessOnScrollListener";
LinearLayoutManager linearLayoutManager;
//当前所在页
private int currentPage=0;
//已经加载出来的item数
private int totalItemCount=0;
//用来存储上一个totalItemCount
private int previousTotal=0;
//屏幕可见的item数量
private int visibleItemCount;
//屏幕可见第一个Item的位置
private int firstVisibleItem;
//是否上拉数据
private boolean loading=true;
public EndLessOnScrollListener(LinearLayoutManager linearLayoutManager) {
this.linearLayoutManager = linearLayoutManager;
}
@Override
public void onScrolled(RecyclerView recyclerView, int dx, int dy) {
super.onScrolled(recyclerView, dx, dy);
visibleItemCount=recyclerView.getChildCount();
totalItemCount=linearLayoutManager.getItemCount();
firstVisibleItem=linearLayoutManager.findFirstVisibleItemPosition();
//去掉loading也可以,但是性能会下降,在每次滑动时都会判断,所以的加上
if(loading){
Log.d(TAG, "firstVisibleItem: " + firstVisibleItem);
Log.d(TAG, "totalItemCount:" + totalItemCount);
Log.d(TAG, "visibleItemCount:" + visibleItemCount);
Log.d(TAG, "currentPage:" + currentPage);
if(totalItemCount>previousTotal){
//说明数据项已经加载结束
loading=false;
previousTotal=totalItemCount;
}
}
//实际效果是滑动到已加载页最后一项可见的瞬间,添加下一页
if(!loading&&totalItemCount-visibleItemCount<=firstVisibleItem){
currentPage++;
onLoadMore(currentPage);
loading=true;
}
}
/**
* 提供一个抽闲方法,在Activity中监听到这个EndLessOnScrollListener
* 并且实现这个方法
* 这个方法在可见的页的最后一项,可见时调用
* currentPage是加载到的页面编号
*/
public abstract void onLoadMore(int currentPage);
给recyclerview添加上拉监听事件即可,这里我让它每次加5项:
recyclerView.addOnScrollListener(new EndLessOnScrollListener(linearLayoutManager) {
@Override
public void onLoadMore(int currentPage) {
for (int i = count; i < 5+count; i++) {
list.add("上拉加载"+i);
}
adapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
count+=5;
}
});
4.添加尾部首部分别添加footer和Head
(在demo中是名为HeaderAndFooter的module)
实现方法,主要是在适配器里实现。要在适配器必须写的方法里面和getItemViewType()方法里,考虑可能最前和最后一项分别是header和footer情况。
1.temAdapter里的代码
private static final int TYPE_HEADER = 0;
private static final int TYPE_FOOTER = 1;
private static final int TYPE_NORMAL = 2;
public ItemAdapter(List<String> list, Context context) {
this.list = list;
this.context = context;
}
@Override
public MyViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
if (headerView != null && viewType == TYPE_HEADER) {
return new MyViewHolder(headerView);
}
if (footerView != null && viewType == TYPE_FOOTER) {
return new MyViewHolder(footerView);
}
MyViewHolder holder = new MyViewHolder(LayoutInflater.from(context).
inflate(R.layout.item_layout, parent, false));
return holder;
}
@Override
public void onBindViewHolder(MyViewHolder holder, final int position) {
if (getItemViewType(position) == TYPE_NORMAL) {
holder.tv.setText(list.get(position - 1));
return;
} else if (getItemViewType(position) == TYPE_HEADER) {
return;
} else
return;
}
/**
* 重写这个方法,很重要,是加入Header和Footer的关键,我们通过判断item的类型,从而绑定不同的view
*/
@Override
public int getItemViewType(int position) {
if (headerView == null && footerView == null) {
return TYPE_NORMAL;
}
if (position == 0) {
//第一个item应该加载Header
return TYPE_HEADER;
}
if (position == getItemCount() - 1) {
//最后一个,应该加载Footer
return TYPE_FOOTER;
}
return TYPE_NORMAL;
}
@Override
public int getItemCount() {
if (headerView == null && footerView == null) {
return list.size();
} else if (headerView == null && footerView != null) {
return list.size() + 1;
} else if (headerView != null && footerView == null) {
return list.size() + 1;
} else {
return list.size() + 2;
}
}
public View getHeaderView() {
return headerView;
}
public void setHeaderView(View headerView) {
this.headerView=headerView;
notifyItemInserted(0);
}
public View getFooterView() {
return footerView;
}
public void setFooterView(View footerView) {
this.footerView=footerView;
notifyItemInserted(getItemCount()-1);
}
class MyViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
TextView tv;
public MyViewHolder(View itemView) {
super(itemView);
tv = itemView.findViewById(R.id.tv);
}
}
活动里面的代码:
RecyclerView recyclerView;
ItemAdapter adapter;
List<String>list;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
initView();
}
private void initView() {
list= new ArrayList<>();
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
list.add("第"+i+"项");
}
adapter=new ItemAdapter(list,this);
recyclerView= (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.rv);
recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
recyclerView.setLayoutManager(new LinearLayoutManager(this));
//注意,以下两个方法必须在setAdapter()之后调用,否则长和宽会变成wrap_content
addHeader();
addFooter();
}
private void addHeader(){
View header= LayoutInflater.from(this).inflate(R.layout.header_layout,recyclerView,false);
adapter.setHeaderView(header);
}
private void addFooter(){
View footer= LayoutInflater.from(this).inflate(R.layout.footer_layout,recyclerView,false);
adapter.setFooterView(footer);
}