转自:https://www.liaoxuefeng.com/wiki/1252599548343744/1303871087444002
java8提供了新的日期时间API,LocalDateTime
public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) { LocalDate d = LocalDate.now(); // 当前日期 LocalTime t = LocalTime.now(); // 当前时间 LocalDateTime dt = LocalDateTime.now(); // 当前日期和时间 System.out.println(d); // 严格按照ISO 8601格式打印 System.out.println(t); // 严格按照ISO 8601格式打印 System.out.println(dt); // 严格按照ISO 8601格式打印 } }
其他初始化方式
// 指定日期和时间: LocalDate d2 = LocalDate.of(2019, 11, 30); // 2019-11-30, 注意11=11月 LocalTime t2 = LocalTime.of(15, 16, 17); // 15:16:17 LocalDateTime dt2 = LocalDateTime.of(2019, 11, 30, 15, 16, 17); LocalDateTime dt3 = LocalDateTime.of(d2, t2);
输出格式化
public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) { // 自定义格式化: DateTimeFormatter dtf = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss"); System.out.println(dtf.format(LocalDateTime.now())); // 用自定义格式解析: LocalDateTime dt2 = LocalDateTime.parse("2019/11/30 15:16:17", dtf); System.out.println(dt2); } }
加减
public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) { LocalDateTime dt = LocalDateTime.of(2019, 10, 26, 20, 30, 59); System.out.println(dt); // 加5天减3小时: LocalDateTime dt2 = dt.plusDays(5).minusHours(3); System.out.println(dt2); // 2019-10-31T17:30:59 // 减1月: LocalDateTime dt3 = dt2.minusMonths(1); System.out.println(dt3); // 2019-09-30T17:30:59 } }
注意到月份加减会自动调整日期,例如从2019-10-31
减去1个月得到的结果是2019-09-30
,因为9月没有31日。
对日期和时间进行调整则使用withXxx()
方法,例如:withHour(15)
会把10:11:12
变为15:11:12
:
- 调整年:withYear()
- 调整月:withMonth()
- 调整日:withDayOfMonth()
- 调整时:withHour()
- 调整分:withMinute()
- 调整秒:withSecond()
public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) { LocalDateTime dt = LocalDateTime.of(2019, 10, 26, 20, 30, 59); System.out.println(dt); // 日期变为31日: LocalDateTime dt2 = dt.withDayOfMonth(31); System.out.println(dt2); // 2019-10-31T20:30:59 // 月份变为9: LocalDateTime dt3 = dt2.withMonth(9); System.out.println(dt3); // 2019-09-30T20:30:59 } }
实际上,LocalDateTime
还有一个通用的with()
方法允许我们做更复杂的运算。例如:
public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) { // 本月第一天0:00时刻: LocalDateTime firstDay = LocalDate.now().withDayOfMonth(1).atStartOfDay(); System.out.println(firstDay); // 本月最后1天: LocalDate lastDay = LocalDate.now().with(TemporalAdjusters.lastDayOfMonth()); System.out.println(lastDay); // 下月第1天: LocalDate nextMonthFirstDay = LocalDate.now().with(TemporalAdjusters.firstDayOfNextMonth()); System.out.println(nextMonthFirstDay); // 本月第1个周一: LocalDate firstWeekday = LocalDate.now().with(TemporalAdjusters.firstInMonth(DayOfWeek.MONDAY)); System.out.println(firstWeekday); } }
要判断两个LocalDateTime
的先后,可以使用isBefore()
、isAfter()
方法,对于LocalDate
和LocalTime
类似:
public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) { LocalDateTime now = LocalDateTime.now(); LocalDateTime target = LocalDateTime.of(2019, 11, 19, 8, 15, 0); System.out.println(now.isBefore(target)); System.out.println(LocalDate.now().isBefore(LocalDate.of(2019, 11, 19))); System.out.println(LocalTime.now().isAfter(LocalTime.parse("08:15:00"))); } }
Duration和Period
Duration
表示两个时刻之间的时间间隔。另一个类似的Period
表示两个日期之间的天数
public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) { LocalDateTime start = LocalDateTime.of(2019, 11, 19, 8, 15, 0); LocalDateTime end = LocalDateTime.of(2020, 1, 9, 19, 25, 30); Duration d = Duration.between(start, end); System.out.println(d); // PT1235H10M30S Period p = LocalDate.of(2019, 11, 19).until(LocalDate.of(2020, 1, 9)); System.out.println(p); // P1M21D } }