Node.js & module system

Node.js v10.9.0 Documentation

https://nodejs.org/api/modules.html#modules_modules

https://nodejs.org/api/modules.html#modules_the_module_wrapper
https://nodejs.org/api/modules.html#modules_exports_shortcut

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CommonJS

CommonJS module system

http://nodejs.wikia.com/wiki/Modules

https://requirejs.org/docs/whyamd.html#commonjs
http://www.adequatelygood.com/JavaScript-Module-Pattern-In-Depth.html
https://darrenderidder.github.io/talks/ModulePatterns/#/

https://addyosmani.com/writing-modular-js/

CJS

http://unscriptable.com/2011/09/30/amd-versus-cjs-whats-the-best-format/
http://www.commonjs.org/

Asynchronous Module Definition (AMD)

https://requirejs.org/docs/whyamd.html
https://github.com/amdjs/amdjs-api/wiki/AMD

UMD

UMD: Universal Module Definition

https://www.davidbcalhoun.com/2014/what-is-amd-commonjs-and-umd/

https://www.zhihu.com/question/20351507

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node.js & exports & module.exports

node.js

1. Functions and objects are added to the root of a module by specifying additional properties on the special exports object.

https://www.w3schools.com/nodejs/nodejs_modules.asp

https://www.sitepoint.com/understanding-module-exports-exports-node-js/

npx

https://*.com/questions/9679932/how-to-use-package-installed-locally-in-node-modules

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nodejs & es6 & import & export

https://*.com/questions/31354559/using-node-js-require-vs-es6-import-export

Keep in mind that there is no JavaScript engine yet that natively supports ES6 modules. You said yourself that you are using Babel. Babel converts import and export declaration to CommonJS(require/module.exports) by default anyway. So even if you use ES6 module syntax, you will be using CommonJS under the hood if you run the code in Node.

https://medium.com/the-node-js-collection/an-update-on-es6-modules-in-node-js-42c958b890c

ESM

https://hackernoon.com/node-js-tc-39-and-modules-a1118aecf95e

https://github.com/tc39/proposal-dynamic-import

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webpack.config.js

https://github.com/carloluis/webpack-demo/tree/master/config

webpack dev & prod

https://github.com/carloluis/webpack-demo

https://github.com/carloluis/webpack-demo/blob/master/config/webpack.config.dev.js

https://github.com/carloluis/webpack-demo/blob/master/config/webpack.config.prod.js