各平台下oracle-instant-client安装部署

2022-10-10 18:34:03

一、linux平台

1.1 方式一：Oracle Instant Client Zip

Download an Oracle 19, 18, 12, or 11.2 “Basic” or “Basic Light” zip file: 64-bit or 32-bit, matching your application 64-bit or 32-bit architecture.

Unzip the package into a directory that is accessible to your application. For example:

mkdir -p /opt/oracle
cd /opt/oracle
unzip instantclient-basic-linux.x64-19.3.0.0.0dbru.zip

Install the operating system libaio package with sudo or as the root user. For example:
```
sudo yum install libaio
```
On some Linux distributions this package is called libaio1 instead.
If there is no other Oracle software on the machine that will be impacted, permanently add Instant Client to the runtime link path. For example, with sudo or as the root user:
```
sudo sh -c "echo /opt/oracle/instantclient_19_3 > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/oracle-instantclient.conf"
sudo ldconfig
```
Alternatively, set the environment variable LD_LIBRARY_PATH to the appropriate directory for the Instant Client version. For example:
```
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/oracle/instantclient_19_3:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
```
If you intend to co-locate optional Oracle configuration files such as tnsnames.ora, sqlnet.ora or oraaccess.xml with Instant Client, then create a network/admin subdirectory, if it does not exist. For example:
```
mkdir -p /opt/oracle/instantclient_12_2/network/admin
```
This is the default Oracle configuration directory for applications linked with this Instant Client.

Alternatively, Oracle configuration files can be put in another, accessible directory. Then set the environment variable TNS_ADMIN to that directory name.

1.2 方式二：Oracle Instant Client RPM

Download an Oracle 19, 18, 12, or 11.2 “Basic” or “Basic Light” RPM: 64-bit or 32-bit, matching your application architecture.

Oracle’s yum server has Instant Client RPMs for Oracle Linux 7 and Instant Client RPMs for Oracle Linux 6 that can be downloaded without needing a click-through.
Install the downloaded RPM with sudo or as the root user. For example:
```
sudo yum install oracle-instantclient19.3-basic-19.3.0.0.0-1.x86_64.rpm
```
Yum will automatically install required dependencies, such as libaio.

Oracle Linux users can alternatively automate download and installation. For example:
```
yum -y install oracle-release-el7
yum-config-manager --enable ol7_oracle_instantclient
yum -y install oracle-instantclient19.3-basic
```
For Instant Client 19 RPMs, the system library search path is automatically configured during installation.

For older versions, if there is no other Oracle software on the machine that will be impacted, permanently add Instant Client to the runtime link path. For example, with sudo or as the root user:
```
sudo sh -c "echo /usr/lib/oracle/18.5/client64/lib > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/oracle-instantclient.conf"
sudo ldconfig
```
Alternatively, for version 18 and earlier, every shell will need to have the environment variable LD_LIBRARY_PATH set to the appropriate directory for the Instant Client version. For example:
```
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/oracle/18.5/client64/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
```
If you intend to co-locate optional Oracle configuration files such as tnsnames.ora, sqlnet.ora or oraaccess.xml with Instant Client, then create a network/admin subdirectory under lib/, if it does not exist. For example:
```
sudo mkdir -p /usr/lib/oracle/12.2/client64/lib/network/admin
```
This is the default Oracle configuration directory for applications linked with this Instant Client.

Alternatively, Oracle configuration files can be put in another, accessible directory. Then set the environment variable TNS_ADMIN to that directory name.

1.3 Local Database or Full Oracle Client

ODPI-C applications can use Oracle Client 19, 18, 12, or 11.2 libraries from a local Oracle Database or full Oracle Client installation.

The libraries must be either 32-bit or 64-bit, matching your application and ODPI-C library (if one is created separately).

Set required Oracle environment variables by running the Oracle environment script. For example:
```
source /usr/local/bin/oraenv
```
For Oracle Database XE 11.2, run:
```
source /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe/bin/oracle_env.sh
```
Optional Oracle configuration files such as tnsnames.ora, sqlnet.ora or oraaccess.xml can be placed in $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin.

Alternatively, Oracle configuration files can be put in another, accessible directory. Then set the environment variable TNS_ADMIN to that directory name.

二、windows

ODPI-C requires Oracle Client libraries, which are found in Oracle Instant Client, or an Oracle Database installation, or in a full Oracle Client installation. The libraries must be either 32-bit or 64-bit, matching your application and ODPI-C library (if one is created separately).

On Windows, ODPI-C looks for the Oracle Client library “OCI.dll” first in the directory containing the ODPI-C library (or application), and then searches using the standard library search order.

Oracle Client libraries require the presence of the correct Visual Studio redistributable.

Oracle 19 needs VS 2017

Oracle 18 and 12.2 need VS 2013

Oracle 12.1 needs VS 2010

Oracle 11.2 needs VS 2005 64-bit or VS 2005 32-bit

2.1 Oracle Instant Client Zip

Download an Oracle 19, 18, 12, or 11.2 “Basic” or “Basic Light” zip file: 64-bit or 32-bit, matching your application architecture.

Note that 19c is not supported on Windows 7.
Unzip the package into a directory that is accessible to your application. For example unzip instantclient-basic-windows.x64-19.3.0.0.0dbru.zip to C:\oracle\instantclient_19_3.
Add this directory to the PATH environment variable. For example, on Windows 7, update PATH in Control Panel -> System -> Advanced System Settings -> Advanced -> Environment Variables -> System Variables -> PATH. The Instant Client directory must occur in PATH before any other Oracle directories.

Restart any open command prompt windows.

To avoid interfering with existing tools that require other Oracle Client versions, instead of updating the system-wide PATH variable, you may prefer to write a batch file that sets PATH, for example:
```
REM mywrapper.bat
SET PATH=C:\oracle\instantclient_19_3;%PATH%
myapp %*
```
Invoke this batch file everytime you want to run your application.

Alternatively use SET to change your PATH in each command prompt window before you run python.

Another option is to move the unzipped Instant Client files to the same directory as the ODPIC.DLL (or into the directory of the application’s binary, if ODPI-C is compiled into application). If you do this, then PATH does not need to be set.
If you intend to co-locate optional Oracle configuration files such as tnsnames.ora, sqlnet.ora or oraaccess.xml with Instant Client, then create a network\admin subdirectory, if it does not exist, for example C:\oracle\instantclient_19_3\network\admin.

This is the default Oracle configuration directory for applications linked with this Instant Client.

Alternatively, Oracle configuration files can be put in another, accessible directory. Then set the environment variable TNS_ADMIN to that directory name.

If you wish to package Instant Client with your application, you can move the Instant Client libraries to the same directory as the ODPI-C library (or application). Refer to the Instant Client documentation for the minimal set of Instant Client files required. There is no need to set PATH. This only works on Windows.

2.2 Local Database or Full Oracle Client

The Oracle libraries must be either 32-bit or 64-bit, matching your application and ODPI-C library (if one is created separately).

To run ODPI-C applications using client libraries from a local Oracle Database (or full Oracle Client) 19, 18, 12, or 11.2 installation:

Set the environment variable PATH to include the path that contains OCI.dll, if it is not already set. For example, on Windows 7, update PATH in Control Panel -> System -> Advanced System Settings -> Advanced -> Environment Variables -> System Variables -> PATH.

Restart any open command prompt windows.
Optional Oracle configuration files such as tnsnames.ora, sqlnet.ora or oraaccess.xml can be placed in the network/admin subdirectory of the Oracle software.

Alternatively, Oracle configuration files can be put in another, accessible directory. Then set the environment variable TNS_ADMIN to that directory name.