一、概述

Form 表单由输入框、选择器、单选框、多选框等控件组成，用以收集、校验、提交数据

官方链接：

https://element.eleme.cn/#/zh-CN/component/form

 

二、典型表单

包括各种表单项，比如输入框、选择器、开关、单选框、多选框等。

 

环境说明

还是以上一篇文档：https://www.cnblogs.com/xiao987334176/p/14187889.html 为例，已经创建了一个登录页面。

 

代码演示

在components文件夹，新建文件Form.vue，内容如下：

<template>
  <div>
    <div style="margin: 20px;"></div>
    <el-form :label-position="labelPosition" label-width="80px" :model="form">
      <el-form-item label="名称">
        <el-input v-model="form.name"></el-input>
      </el-form-item>
      <el-form-item label="活动区域">
        <el-select v-model="form.region" placeholder="请选择活动区域" style="display: block;">
          <el-option label="区域一" value="shanghai"></el-option>
          <el-option label="区域二" value="beijing"></el-option>
        </el-select>
      </el-form-item>
      <el-form-item label="活动时间" style="text-align: center;">
        <el-col :span="11">
          <el-date-picker type="date" placeholder="选择日期" v-model="form.date1" style="width: 100%;"></el-date-picker>
        </el-col>
        <el-col class="line" :span="2">-</el-col>
        <el-col :span="11">
          <el-time-picker placeholder="选择时间" v-model="form.date2" style="width: 100%;"></el-time-picker>
        </el-col>
      </el-form-item>
      <el-form-item label="即时配送">
        <el-switch v-model="form.delivery"></el-switch>
      </el-form-item>
      <el-form-item label="活动性质">
        <el-checkbox-group v-model="form.type">
          <el-checkbox label="美食/餐厅线上活动" name="type"></el-checkbox>
          <el-checkbox label="地推活动" name="type"></el-checkbox>
          <el-checkbox label="线下主题活动" name="type"></el-checkbox>
          <el-checkbox label="单纯品牌曝光" name="type"></el-checkbox>
        </el-checkbox-group>
      </el-form-item>
      <el-form-item label="特殊资源" :label-position="labelPosition">
        <el-radio-group v-model="form.resource">
          <el-radio label="线上品牌商赞助"></el-radio>
          <el-radio label="线下场地免费"></el-radio>
        </el-radio-group>
      </el-form-item>
      <el-form-item label="活动形式">
        <el-input type="textarea" v-model="form.desc"></el-input>
      </el-form-item>
      <el-form-item>
        <el-button type="primary" @click="onSubmit">立即创建</el-button>
        <el-button>取消</el-button>
      </el-form-item>
    </el-form>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
  export default {
    name: "Form",
    data() {
      return {
        labelPosition: 'left',
        form: {
          name: '',
          region: '',
          date1: '',
          date2: '',
          delivery: false,
          type: [],
          resource: '',
          desc: ''
        }
      };
    },
    methods: {
      onSubmit() {
        console.log('submit!');
      }
    }
  }
</script>

<style>

</style>

View Code

 

注意：本文是在官方文档给出的示例代码基础上，做了轻微改动，否则样式会有偏差。

 

在router/index.js 添加路由

import Vue from 'vue'
import Router from 'vue-router'
import HelloWorld from '@/components/HelloWorld'
import Login from "@/components/Login"
import Form from '@/components/Form'

Vue.use(Router)

export default new Router({
  mode: 'history',  //去掉url中的#
  routes: [
    {
      path: '/',
      name: 'HelloWorld',
      component: HelloWorld
    },
    {
      path: '/login',
      name: 'Login',
      component: Login
    },
    {
      path: '/form',
      name: 'Form',
      component: Form
    },
  ]
})

View Code

 

访问表单页面

http://localhost:8080/form

效果如下：

 

三、表单验证

在防止用户犯错的前提下，尽可能让用户更早地发现并纠正错误。

 

修改在components/Form.vue，内容如下：

<template>
  <div>
    <div style="margin: 20px;"></div>
    <el-form :model="ruleForm" :rules="rules" ref="ruleForm" label-width="100px" class="demo-ruleForm">
      <el-form-item label="活动名称" prop="name">
        <el-input v-model="ruleForm.name"></el-input>
      </el-form-item>
      <el-form-item label="活动区域" prop="region">
        <el-select v-model="ruleForm.region" placeholder="请选择活动区域">
          <el-option label="区域一" value="shanghai"></el-option>
          <el-option label="区域二" value="beijing"></el-option>
        </el-select>
      </el-form-item>
      <el-form-item label="活动时间" required style="text-align: center;">
        <el-col :span="11">
          <el-form-item prop="date1">
            <el-date-picker type="date" placeholder="选择日期" v-model="ruleForm.date1" style="width: 100%;"></el-date-picker>
          </el-form-item>
        </el-col>
        <el-col class="line" :span="2">-</el-col>
        <el-col :span="11">
          <el-form-item prop="date2">
            <el-time-picker placeholder="选择时间" v-model="ruleForm.date2" style="width: 100%;"></el-time-picker>
          </el-form-item>
        </el-col>
      </el-form-item>
      <el-form-item label="即时配送" prop="delivery">
        <el-switch v-model="ruleForm.delivery"></el-switch>
      </el-form-item>
      <el-form-item label="活动性质" prop="type">
        <el-checkbox-group v-model="ruleForm.type">
          <el-checkbox label="美食/餐厅线上活动" name="type"></el-checkbox>
          <el-checkbox label="地推活动" name="type"></el-checkbox>
          <el-checkbox label="线下主题活动" name="type"></el-checkbox>
          <el-checkbox label="单纯品牌曝光" name="type"></el-checkbox>
        </el-checkbox-group>
      </el-form-item>
      <el-form-item label="特殊资源" prop="resource">
        <el-radio-group v-model="ruleForm.resource">
          <el-radio label="线上品牌商赞助"></el-radio>
          <el-radio label="线下场地免费"></el-radio>
        </el-radio-group>
      </el-form-item>
      <el-form-item label="活动形式" prop="desc">
        <el-input type="textarea" v-model="ruleForm.desc"></el-input>
      </el-form-item>
      <el-form-item>
        <el-button type="primary" @click="submitForm('ruleForm')">立即创建</el-button>
        <el-button @click="resetForm('ruleForm')">重置</el-button>
      </el-form-item>
    </el-form>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
  export default {
    data() {
      return {
        ruleForm: {
          name: '',
          region: '',
          date1: '',
          date2: '',
          delivery: false,
          type: [],
          resource: '',
          desc: ''
        },
        rules: {
          name: [
            { required: true, message: '请输入活动名称', trigger: 'blur' },
            { min: 3, max: 5, message: '长度在 3 到 5 个字符', trigger: 'blur' }
          ],
          region: [
            { required: true, message: '请选择活动区域', trigger: 'change' }
          ],
          date1: [
            { type: 'date', required: true, message: '请选择日期', trigger: 'change' }
          ],
          date2: [
            { type: 'date', required: true, message: '请选择时间', trigger: 'change' }
          ],
          type: [
            { type: 'array', required: true, message: '请至少选择一个活动性质', trigger: 'change' }
          ],
          resource: [
            { required: true, message: '请选择活动资源', trigger: 'change' }
          ],
          desc: [
            { required: true, message: '请填写活动形式', trigger: 'blur' }
          ]
        }
      };
    },
    methods: {
      submitForm(formName) {
        this.$refs[formName].validate((valid) => {
          if (valid) {
            alert('submit!');
          } else {
            console.log('error submit!!');
            return false;
          }
        });
      },
      resetForm(formName) {
        this.$refs[formName].resetFields();
      }
    }
  }
</script>

<style>

</style>

View Code

 

再次访问表单页面，点击立即创建，效果如下：

 

 可以发现，在不填写任何信息，直接提交，会有提示信息。