Servlet过滤器——异常捕获过滤器

1.概述

介绍如何实现异常捕获过滤器。

2.技术要点

本实例主要是在过滤器Filter的doFilter()方法中,对执行过滤器链的chain的doFilter()语句处添加try…catch异常捕获语句,然后在chach语句中,循环异常对象,直到找出根异常为止。

3.具体实现

(1)创建Filter实现类ExceptionFilter.java,利用throwable抛出异常,去捕捉异常原因并转到相应的页面中主要代码为:

public class ExceptionFilter implements Filter {
public void destroy() {
}
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
try {
chain.doFilter(request, response);
} catch (Exception e) { //如果有异常则捕捉
Throwable rootCause = e;
while (rootCause.getCause() != null) {
rootCause = rootCause.getCause();
}
String errormessage = rootCause.getMessage(); //异常根本
errormessage = errormessage == null ? "异常:" + rootCause.getClass().getName()
: errormessage; //中止传递异常的原因
request.setAttribute("errormessage", errormessage);
request.setAttribute("e", e);
if (rootCause instanceof LoginException) { //1转到登录页面
request.getRequestDispatcher("/LoginException.jsp").forward(
request, response);
} else if (rootCause instanceof OperationException) {
//2转到操作页面
request.getRequestDispatcher("/OperationException.jsp").forward( request, response);
} else {
request.getRequestDispatcher("/exception.jsp").forward(request, //其它异常
response);
}
}
}
public void init(FilterConfig arg0) throws ServletException {
}
}

(2)创建LoginException.jsp登录异常页面主要代码为:

<div align="center" style="font-size: large;">后台操作</div>
<form action="">
<table align="center">
<tr>
<td>帐号</td>
<td><input type="text" name="account" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>密码</td>
<td><input type="password" name="password" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" colspan="2"><input type="submit" value=" 登录 " />
<input type="submit" value="退出"/></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
<div class="error" align="center">
${ errormessage }
</div>

(3)创建OperationException操作异常页面主要代码如下:

<div class="error" align="center">
${ errormessage } <a href="javascript:history.go(-1); ">返回上一级操作</a>
</div>

(4)创建Exceptionmain.jsp页面,关键代码如下:

<%
String action = request.getParameter("action");
if("OperationException".equals(action)){
throw new OperationException("此操作失败. ");
}
else if("LoginException".equals(action)){
throw new LoginException("请您登陆后再进行此项操作. ");
}
else if("exception".equals(action)){
Integer.parseInt("mull空传递参数");
}
%>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>异常捕捉过滤器</title>
</head>
<body>
<table align="left" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
<Tr><td><a href="${ pageContext.request.requestURI }?action=OperationException">过滤操作</a></td></Tr>
<tr><td><a href="${ pageContext.request.requestURI }?action=LoginException">过滤登录</a></td></tr>
<Tr><td><a href="${ pageContext.request.requestURI }?action=exception">过滤异常</a></td></Tr>
</table>
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