在用复制账号对mysql salve管理过程中,使用哪些权限合适?首先看一下mysql官方提供的权限表:
权限 |
列 |
上下文 |
CREATE |
Create_priv |
数据库、表或索引 |
DROP |
Drop_priv |
数据库或表 |
GRANT OPTION |
Grant_priv |
数据库、表或保存的程序 |
REFERENCES |
References_priv |
数据库或表 |
ALTER |
Alter_priv |
表 |
DELETE |
Delete_priv |
表 |
INDEX |
Index_priv |
表 |
INSERT |
Insert_priv |
表 |
SELECT |
Select_priv |
表 |
UPDATE |
Update_priv |
表 |
CREATE VIEW |
Create_view_priv |
视图 |
SHOW VIEW |
Show_view_priv |
视图 |
ALTER ROUTINE |
Alter_routine_priv |
保存的程序 |
CREATE ROUTINE |
Create_routine_priv |
保存的程序 |
EXECUTE |
Execute_priv |
保存的程序 |
FILE |
File_priv |
服务器主机上的文件访问 |
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLES |
Create_tmp_table_priv |
服务器管理 |
LOCK TABLES |
Lock_tables_priv |
服务器管理 |
CREATE USER |
Create_user_priv |
服务器管理 |
PROCESS |
Process_priv |
服务器管理 |
RELOAD |
Reload_priv |
服务器管理 |
REPLICATION CLIENT |
Repl_client_priv |
服务器管理 |
REPLICATION SLAVE |
Repl_slave_priv |
服务器管理 |
SHOW DATABASES |
Show_db_priv |
服务器管理 |
SHUTDOWN |
Shutdown_priv |
服务器管理 |
SUPER |
Super_priv |
服务器管理 |
怎样找到复制账户的最小权限?
首先使用root账号登陆,收回复制账号repl_user的所有权限:
mysql> select user();
+----------------+
| user() |
+----------------+
| root@localhost |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> revoke all on *.* from repl_user;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
其次使用repl_user登陆:
mysql> show slave status\G;
ERROR 1227 (42000): Access denied; you need (at least one of) the SUPER,REPLICATION CLIENT privilege(s) for this operation
错误提示,至少需要SUPER和REPLICATION CLIENT这两个权限之一。
(1)赋予REPLICATION CLIENT权限给repl_user
mysql> grant REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO repl_user;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Connecting to master
Master_Host: 192.168.6.100
Master_User: repl_user
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
......
show slave status\G;状态查看正常,但是管理slave提示如下:
mysql> stop slave;
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user ‘repl_user‘@‘%‘ (using password: YES)
(2)赋予REPLICATION SLAVE权限给repl_user:
mysql> grant REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO repl_user;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> stop slave;
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user ‘repl_user‘@‘%‘ (using password: YES)
mysql> SELECT Repl_slave_priv,Repl_client_priv,super_priv FROM mysql.USER WHERE USER=‘repl_user‘;
+-----------------+------------------+------------+
| Repl_slave_priv | Repl_client_priv | super_priv |
+-----------------+------------------+------------+
| Y | Y | N |
+-----------------+------------------+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
(3)赋予SUPER权限给repl_user:
mysql> grant SUPER ON *.* TO repl_user;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> stop slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
(4)赋予RELOAD权限给repl_user
在没有RELOAD权限时提示如下错误:
mysql> reset slave;
ERROR 1227 (42000): Access denied; you need (at least one of) the RELOAD privilege(s) for this operation
mysql> grant reload on *.* to repl_user;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> reset slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
最后,总结如下:
REPLICATION CLIENT(客户端)、REPLICATION SLAVE(服务端)、SUPER(管理)和RELOAD四个权限最好在创建用户时就赋予,以免造成不必要的麻烦,当然,要是主主配置,最好给予ALL权限。
上述只是在工作中的一点思考,希望看到这篇博文的博友给予指正。