WCF 学习笔记之双工实现
其中 Client 和Service为控制台程序 Service.Interface为类库
首先了解契约Interface两个接口
using System.ServiceModel;
using System.ServiceModel.Channels;
namespace Artech.WcfServices.Service.Interface
{
[ServiceContract(Namespace = "http://www.artech.com/", CallbackContract = typeof(ICalculatorCallback))]
public interface ICalculator
{
[OperationContract(IsOneWay = true)]
void Add(double x, double y);
}
}
这边要注意两个地方：一个是明确回调查的接口，和设置让它为单向模式[CallbackContract = typeof(ICalculatorCallback)]；IsOneWay = true
回调接口的代码如下：
using System.ServiceModel;
namespace Artech.WcfServices.Service.Interface
{
public interface ICalculatorCallback
{
[OperationContract(IsOneWay = true)]
void DisplayResult(double result, double x, double y);
}
}
此处也有两个地方要注意：回调契约没有定义[ServiceContact]的特性是因为在指定CallbackContract属性时就隐含对应的接口是个服务契约；此外同样也要设置为单向IsOneWay = true
接下来是服务实现层的代码：
using System.ServiceModel;
using Artech.WcfServices.Service.Interface;
using System.Threading;
namespace Artech.WcfServices.Service
{
public class CalculatorService : ICalculator
{
public void Add(double x, double y)
{
double result = x + y;
ICalculatorCallback callback = OperationContext.Current.GetCallbackChannel<ICalculatorCallback>();
callback.DisplayResult(result, x, y);
}
}
}
相对应的App.config配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
<system.serviceModel>
<behaviors>
<serviceBehaviors>
<behavior name="exposeExceptionDetail">
<serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true"/>
</behavior>
</serviceBehaviors>
</behaviors>
<services>
<service name="Artech.WcfServices.Service.CalculatorService"
behaviorConfiguration="exposeExceptionDetail">
<endpoint address="net.tcp://127.0.0.1:3721/calculatorservice"
binding="netTcpBinding"
contract="Artech.WcfServices.Service.Interface.ICalculator"/>
</service>
</services>
</system.serviceModel>
</configuration>
关于绑定类型的选择必须明确是支持双向通信的类型才可以；比如NetTcpBinding,WSDualHttpBinding ;这边应该注意在采用WSDualHttpBinding时要把可靠会话打开，因为它是通过可靠会话维护两个HTTP通道之间的匹配；
例如：<reliableSession enabled="true"/>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
<system.serviceModel>
<bindings>
<netTcpBinding>
<binding name="reliableSessionBinding">
<reliableSession enabled="true"/>
</binding>
</netTcpBinding>
</bindings>
<behaviors>
<serviceBehaviors>
<behavior name="exposeExceptionDetail">
<serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true"/>
</behavior>
</serviceBehaviors>
</behaviors>
<services>
<service name="Artech.WcfServices.Service.CalculatorService"
behaviorConfiguration="exposeExceptionDetail">
<endpoint address="net.tcp://127.0.0.1:3721/calculatorservice"
binding="netTcpBinding"
bindingConfiguration="reliableSessionBinding"
contract="Artech.WcfServices.Service.Interface.ICalculator"/>
</service>
</services>
</system.serviceModel>
</configuration>
服务层还有一个代码就是宿主打开
using System.ServiceModel;
using Artech.WcfServices.Service.Interface;
using System.Threading;
using System.ServiceModel.Description;
namespace Artech.WcfServices.Service
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
using (ServiceHost host = new ServiceHost(typeof(CalculatorService)))
{
host.Open();
Console.Read();
}
}
}
}
接下来是客户端的实现，要实现回调接口的
using Artech.WcfServices.Service.Interface;
namespace Artech.WcfServices.Client
{
public class CalculatorCallbackService : ICalculatorCallback
{
public void DisplayResult(double result, double x, double y)
{
Console.WriteLine("x + y = {2} when x = {0} and y = {1}", x, y, result);
}
}
}
以及相对应的配置文件内容：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
<system.serviceModel>
<client>
<endpoint name ="calculatorservice"
address="net.tcp://127.0.0.1:3721/calculatorservice"
binding="netTcpBinding"
contract="Artech.WcfServices.Service.Interface.ICalculator"/>
</client>
</system.serviceModel>
</configuration>
以及运行的代码：
using System.ServiceModel;
using Artech.WcfServices.Service.Interface;
using System.ServiceModel.Channels;
using System.Threading;
namespace Artech.WcfServices.Client
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
InstanceContext callback = new InstanceContext(new CalculatorCallbackService());
using (DuplexChannelFactory<ICalculator> channelFactory = new DuplexChannelFactory<ICalculator>(callback, "calculatorservice"))
{
ICalculator calculator = channelFactory.CreateChannel();
calculator.Add(1, 2);
}
Console.Read();
}
}
}
针对TCP协议要把服务器的相对应服务打开；或者可能会报错；
错误一：TransportManager 无法使用 NetTcpPortSharing 服务侦听提供的 URI: 无法启动服务，因为该服务已禁用。管理员运行 "sc.exe config NetTcpPortSharing start= demand" 可以将其启用 [NetTcpPortSharing 服务没有启动]
错误二：TransportManager 无法使用 NetTcpPortSharing 服务侦听提供的 URI: 服务侦听失败 [端口被占用，换个端口]