IOS进阶之WKWebView

前言

Xcode8发布以后,编译器开始不支持IOS7,所以很多应用在适配IOS10之后都不在适配IOS7了,其中包括了很多大公司,网易新闻,滴滴出行等。因此,我们公司的应用也打算淘汰IOS7。

支持到IOS8,第一个要改的自然是用WKWebView替换原来的UIWebView。WKWebView有很多明显优势:

  • 更多的支持HTML5的特性

  • 官方宣称的高达60fps的滚动刷新率以及内置手势

  • 将UIWebViewDelegate与UIWebView拆分成了14类与3个协议,以前很多不方便实现的功能得以实现。文档

  • Safari相同的JavaScript引擎

  • 占用更少的内存

UIWebView

IOS进阶之WKWebView

WKWebView

IOS进阶之WKWebView
 
因此,使用WKWebView替换UIWebView还是很有必要的。

基本使用方法

WKWebView有两个delegate,WKUIDelegate 和 WKNavigationDelegate。WKNavigationDelegate主要处理一些跳转、加载处理操作,WKUIDelegate主要处理JS脚本,确认框,警告框等。因此WKNavigationDelegate更加常用。

1、WKWebView的初始化

 - (void)viewDidLoad
{
[super viewDidLoad];
webView = [[WKWebView alloc] initWithFrame:self.view.frame];
[self.view addSubview:webView];
webView.UIDelegate = self;
webView.navigationDelegate = self;
[webView loadRequest:[NSURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.baidu.com"]]];
}
 
 
2、WKUIDelegate中的代理方法
 #pragma mark - WKUIDelegate
// 创建一个新的WebView
- (WKWebView *)webView:(WKWebView *)webView createWebViewWithConfiguration:(WKWebViewConfiguration *)configuration forNavigationAction:(WKNavigationAction *)navigationAction windowFeatures:(WKWindowFeatures *)windowFeatures{
return [[WKWebView alloc]init];
} // 输入框
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView runJavaScriptTextInputPanelWithPrompt:(NSString *)prompt defaultText:(nullable NSString *)defaultText initiatedByFrame:(WKFrameInfo *)frame completionHandler:(void (^)(NSString * __nullable result))completionHandler{
completionHandler(@"http");
} // 确认框
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView runJavaScriptConfirmPanelWithMessage:(NSString *)message initiatedByFrame:(WKFrameInfo *)frame completionHandler:(void (^)(BOOL result))completionHandler{
completionHandler(YES);
} // 警告框
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView runJavaScriptAlertPanelWithMessage:(NSString *)message initiatedByFrame:(WKFrameInfo *)frame completionHandler:(void (^)(void))completionHandler{
NSLog(@"%@",message);
completionHandler();
}
 
3、WKNavigationDelegate中的代理方法
 #pragma mark - WKNavigationDelegate
// 页面开始加载时调用
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didStartProvisionalNavigation:(WKNavigation *)navigation{ } // 当内容开始返回时调用
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didCommitNavigation:(WKNavigation *)navigation{ } // 页面加载完成之后调用
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didFinishNavigation:(WKNavigation *)navigation{ } // 页面加载失败时调用
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didFailProvisionalNavigation:(WKNavigation *)navigation{ } // 接收到服务器跳转请求之后调用
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didReceiveServerRedirectForProvisionalNavigation:(WKNavigation *)navigation{ } // 在收到响应后,决定是否跳转
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView decidePolicyForNavigationResponse:(WKNavigationResponse *)navigationResponse decisionHandler:(void (^)(WKNavigationResponsePolicy))decisionHandler{
NSLog(@"%@",navigationResponse.response.URL.absoluteString);
//允许跳转
decisionHandler(WKNavigationResponsePolicyAllow);
//不允许跳转
//decisionHandler(WKNavigationResponsePolicyCancel);
} // 在发送请求之前,决定是否跳转
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView decidePolicyForNavigationAction:(WKNavigationAction *)navigationAction decisionHandler:(void (^)(WKNavigationActionPolicy))decisionHandler{
NSLog(@"%@",navigationAction.request.URL.absoluteString);
//允许跳转
decisionHandler(WKNavigationActionPolicyAllow);
//不允许跳转
//decisionHandler(WKNavigationActionPolicyCancel);
}

OC与JS交互

WKWebview提供了API实现js交互 不需要借助JavaScriptCore或者webJavaScriptBridge。使用WKUserContentController实现js native交互。简单的说就是先注册约定好的方法,然后再调用。

1、JS调用OC方法

 @interface ViewController ()<WKUIDelegate,WKNavigationDelegate,WKScriptMessageHandler>{
WKWebView * webView;
WKUserContentController* userContentController;
}
@end
@implementation ViewController - (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
//配置环境
WKWebViewConfiguration * configuration = [[WKWebViewConfiguration alloc]init];
userContentController =[[WKUserContentController alloc]init];
configuration.userContentController = userContentController;
webView = [[WKWebView alloc]initWithFrame:self.view.frame configuration:configuration];
//注册方法
[userContentController addScriptMessageHandler:self name:@"sayhello"];//注册一个name为sayhello的js方法 [self.view addSubview:webView];
webView.UIDelegate = self;
webView.navigationDelegate = self;
[webView loadRequest:[NSURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.baidu.com"]]];
}
- (void)dealloc{
//这里需要注意,前面增加过的方法一定要remove掉。
[userContentController removeScriptMessageHandlerForName:@"sayhello"];
}
#pragma mark - WKScriptMessageHandler
- (void)userContentController:(WKUserContentController *)userContentController didReceiveScriptMessage:(WKScriptMessage *)message{
NSLog(@"name:%@\\\\n body:%@\\\\n frameInfo:%@\\\\n",message.name,message.body,message.frameInfo);
}
@end

2、WKDelegateController.h代码:

 #import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
#import <WebKit/WebKit.h>
@protocol WKDelegate <NSObject> - (void)userContentController:(WKUserContentController *)userContentController didReceiveScriptMessage:(WKScriptMessage *)message; @end @interface WKDelegateController : UIViewController <WKScriptMessageHandler> @property (weak , nonatomic) id<WKDelegate> delegate;
@end

3、WKDelegateController.m代码:

 #import "WKDelegateController.h"

 @interface WKDelegateController ()

 @end

 @implementation WKDelegateController

 - (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
} - (void)userContentController:(WKUserContentController *)userContentController didReceiveScriptMessage:(WKScriptMessage *)message{
if ([self.delegate respondsToSelector:@selector(userContentController:didReceiveScriptMessage:)]) {
[self.delegate userContentController:userContentController didReceiveScriptMessage:message];
}
} @end 
 
H5代码:
 <html>
<head>
<script>
function say()
{
//前端需要用 window.webkit.messageHandlers.注册的方法名.postMessage({body:传输的数据} 来给native发送消息
window.webkit.messageHandlers.sayhello.postMessage({body: 'hello world!'});
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<h1>hello world</h1>
<button onclick="say()">say hello</button>
</body> </html> 

注意点

1、addScriptMessageHandler要和removeScriptMessageHandlerForName配套出现,否则会造成内存泄漏。

2、h5只能传一个参数,如果需要多个参数就需要用字典或者json组装。

OC调用JS方法

 - (void)webView:(WKWebView *)tmpWebView didFinishNavigation:(WKNavigation *)navigation{

     //say()是JS方法名,completionHandler是异步回调block
[webView evaluateJavaScript:@"say()" completionHandler:^(id _Nullable result, NSError * _Nullable error) {
NSLog(@"%@",result);
}]; } 

WebViewJavascriptBridge

一般来说,一个好的UI总有一个大神会开发出一个好的第三方封装框架。WebViewJavascriptBridge的作者也做了一套支持WKWebView与JS交互的第三方框架:WKWebViewJavascriptBridge。

cocoaPods: pod 'WebViewJavascriptBridge', '~> 5.0.5'

github地址:https://github.com/marcuswestin/WebViewJavascriptBridge

主要方法:

 //初始化方法
+ (instancetype)bridgeForWebView:(WKWebView*)webView; + (void)enableLogging; //注册函数名
- (void)registerHandler:(NSString*)handlerName handler:(WVJBHandler)handler; //调用函数名
- (void)callHandler:(NSString*)handlerName;
- (void)callHandler:(NSString*)handlerName data:(id)data;
- (void)callHandler:(NSString*)handlerName data:(id)data responseCallback:(WVJBResponseCallback)responseCallback; //重置
- (void)reset; //设置WKNavigationDelegate
- (void)setWebViewDelegate:(id<WKNavigationDelegate>)webViewDelegate;

基本的实现方法和上面写的差不多,就是封装了一下,有兴趣的童鞋可以自己pod下来使用。

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