一.安装xlwt模块
1.pip3 install xlwt
二.简单使用xlwt
1.import xlwt #导入模块
2.workbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding='utf-8') #创建workbook 对象
3.worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('sheet1') #创建工作表sheet
4.worksheet.write(0, 0, 'hello') #往表中写内容,第一各参数 行,第二个参数列,第三个参数内容
5.workbook.save('students.xls') #保存表为students.xls
6.#在Java中使用poi操作excel 在创建workbook对象的时候就需要写好表名,创建workbook对象完成后
7.#这个表就已经存在,但是使用xlwt 需要在最后调用保存的时候为表命名,并且只有调入save方法后才会#创建表
三.为内容设置style
1.workbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding='utf-8')
2.worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('sheet1')
#设置字体样式
3.font = xlwt.Font()
#字体
4.font.name = 'Time New Roman'
#加粗
5.font.bold = True
#下划线
6.font.underline = True
#斜体
7.font.italic = True
#创建style
8.style = xlwt.XFStyle()
9.style.font = font
#根据样式创建workbook
10.worksheet.write(0, 1, 'world', style)
11.workbook.save('students.xls')
四.合并单元格
使用xlwt 合并单元格时不用像poi通过style来设置,直接创建和并单元格就可以,
1.workbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding='utf-8')
2.worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('sheet1')
#通过worksheet调用merge()创建合并单元格
#第一个和第二个参数单表行合并,第三个和第四个参数列合并,
#合并第0列到第2列的单元格
3.worksheet.write_merge(0, 0, 0, 2, 'first merge')
#合并第1行第2行第一列的单元格
4.worksheet.write_merge(0, 1, 0, 0, 'first merge')
5.workbook.save('students.xls')
如果需要了解具体调合并单元格规则就自己试着合并,查看合并效果.才能清晰明了
五.设置单元格的对齐方式
1.workbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding='utf-8')
2.worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('sheet1')
3.alignment = xlwt.Alignment()
# 水平居中
4.alignment.horz = xlwt.Alignment.HORZ_CENTER
# 垂直居中
5.alignment.vert = xlwt.Alignment.VERT_CENTER
6.style = xlwt.XFStyle()
7.style.alignment = alignment
#设置单元格宽度
8.worksheet.col(0).width = 6666
#设置单元格的高度
9.worksheet.row(0).height_mismatch = True
10.worksheet.row(0).height = 1000
11.worksheet.write(0, 0, 'hello world', style)
12.workbook.save('center.xls')
六.设置单元格调边框
1.workbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding='utf-8')
2.worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('sheet1')
3.border = xlwt.Borders()
# DASHED虚线
# NO_LINE没有
# THIN实线
4.border.left = xlwt.Borders.THIN
# 设置颜色
5.border.left_coloure = 0x40b
6.border.right = xlwt.Borders.THIN
7.border.right_colour = 0x40b
8.border.top = xlwt.Borders.THIN
9.border.top_colour = 0x40b
10.border.bottom = xlwt.Borders.THIN
11.border.bottom_colour = 0x40b
12.style = xlwt.XFStyle()
13.style.borders = border
14.worksheet.write(0, 0, 'love', style)
15.workbook.save('dashed.xls')
七.设置单元格边框
1.workbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding='utf-8')
2.worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('sheet1')
3.border = xlwt.Borders()
# DASHED虚线
# NO_LINE没有
# THIN实线
4.border.left = xlwt.Borders.THIN
5.border.right = xlwt.Borders.THIN
6.border.top = xlwt.Borders.THIN
7.border.bottom = xlwt.Borders.THIN
8.style = xlwt.XFStyle()
9.style.borders = border
10.worksheet.write(1, 1, 'love', style)
11.workbook.save('dashed.xls')
八.设置单元格背景色
1.workbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding='utf-8')
2.worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('sheet1')
3.pattern = xlwt.Pattern()
4.pattern.pattern = xlwt.Pattern.SOLID_PATTERN
# 8 through 63
# 0 = Black, 1 = White,
# 2 = Red, 3 = Green, 4 = Blue,
# 5 = Yellow, 6 = Magenta, 7 = Cyan,
# 16 = Maroon, 17 = Dark Green,
# 18 = Dark Blue, 19 = Dark Yellow ,
# almost brown), 20 = Dark Magenta,
# 21 = Teal, 22 = Light Gray,
# 23 = Dark Gray, the list goes on...
5.pattern.pattern_fore_colour = 3
6.style = xlwt.XFStyle()
7.style.pattern = pattern
8.worksheet.write(1, 1, 'shit', style)
9.workbook.save('shit.xls')
九.设置字体颜色
1.workbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding='utf-8')
2.worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('sheet1')
3.font = xlwt.Font()
# 设置字体为红色
4.font.colour_index=xlwt.Style.colour_map['red']
5.style = xlwt.XFStyle()
6.style.font = font
7.worksheet.write(0, 1, 'world', style)
8.workbook.save('students.xls')
遇到的问题:
1.PermissionError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: 'dashed.xls'
原因:测试写入调时候文件被打开了,无法写入,关闭文件后再写入就ok了
2.TypeError: 'module' object is not callable
创建style的时候调错对象将
1.style = xlwt.Style()
改为
1.style = xlwt.XFStyle()