创建Windows Service

2022-10-02 20:22:44

在OnStart和OnStop方法中写上服务启动、停止需要完成的工作
这里我们写一个计时器，每分钟录入一条日志，在此不赘述，可以看示例代码了解
在设计界面右键菜单栏，点击Add Installer

出现两个组件，serviceProcessInstaller1和serviceInstaller1，对它们的属性进行修改

serviceInstaller1

ServiceName改为TimingService，是在windows service列表里面的服务名称
Description改为"一个计时器"，这里设置的是在windows service列表里面的服务描述
StartType默认为Manual(手动)
相关资料：
ServiceInstaller Class

serviceProcessInstaller1

将Account改为LocalSystem
右键项目点击生成，在\bin\Debug目录下生成MyWindowsService.exe
至此，Windows Service创建完毕
相关资料：
ServiceProcessInstaller Class

可视化管理Windows Service

创建一个Windows Form项目MyWindowsService.Client

在窗体内添加四个按钮，分别为安装服务、启动服务、停止服务及卸载服务

引入System.ServiceProcess.dll和System.Configuration.Install.dll，完善相关功能

//需要引用MyWindowsService项目
string serviceFilePath = $"{Application.StartupPath}\\MyWindowsService.exe";
//这里是设置的serviceName，不是项目名称或者生成的exe的名称
string serviceName = "TimingService";

/// <summary>
/// 安装服务
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void InstallButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    if (this.IsServiceExisted(serviceName))
        this.UninstallService(serviceName);
    this.InstallService(serviceFilePath);
}

/// <summary>
/// 启动服务
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void StartButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    if (this.IsServiceExisted(serviceName))
        this.ServiceStart(serviceName);
}

/// <summary>
/// 停止服务
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void StopButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    if (this.IsServiceExisted(serviceName)) this.ServiceStop(serviceName);
}

/// <summary>
/// 卸载服务
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void UninstallButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    if (this.IsServiceExisted(serviceName))
    {
        this.ServiceStop(serviceName);
        this.UninstallService(serviceFilePath);
    }
}

//判断服务是否存在
private bool IsServiceExisted(string serviceName)
{
    ServiceController[] services = ServiceController.GetServices();
    foreach (ServiceController sc in services)
    {
        if (sc.ServiceName.ToLower() == serviceName.ToLower())
        {
            return true;
        }
    }
    return false;
}

//安装服务
private void InstallService(string serviceFilePath)
{
    using (AssemblyInstaller installer = new AssemblyInstaller())
    {
        installer.UseNewContext = true;
        installer.Path = serviceFilePath;
        IDictionary savedState = new Hashtable();
        installer.Install(savedState);
        installer.Commit(savedState);
    }
}

//卸载服务
private void UninstallService(string serviceFilePath)
{
    using (AssemblyInstaller installer = new AssemblyInstaller())
    {
        installer.UseNewContext = true;
        installer.Path = serviceFilePath;
        installer.Uninstall(null);
    }
}
//启动服务
private void ServiceStart(string serviceName)
{
    using (ServiceController control = new ServiceController(serviceName))
    {
        if (control.Status == ServiceControllerStatus.Stopped)
        {
            control.Start();
        }
    }
}

//停止服务
private void ServiceStop(string serviceName)
{
    using (ServiceController control = new ServiceController(serviceName))
    {
        if (control.Status == ServiceControllerStatus.Running)
        {
            control.Stop();
        }
    }
}

为了后续管理服务方便，在MyWindowsService.Client引用MyWindowsService

获得管理员权限

需要使用Administrator的权限才能安装服务
在MyWindowsService.Client项目中右键添加文件应用程序清单

将原来的内容

<requestedExecutionLevel level="asInvoker" uiAccess="false" />

改为下面的内容

<requestedExecutionLevel level="requireAdministrator" uiAccess="false" />

以管理员身份启动程序的相关资料：
How do I force my .NET application to run as administrator?
之后重新生成MyWindowsService.Client，在\bin\Debug文件夹下打开MyWindowsService.Client.exe
使用MyWindowsService.Client.exe安装并启动MyWindowsService.exe

可以右键服务点击属性进行管理