我正在寻找使用openpyxl将行插入电子表格的最佳方法.
实际上,我有一个电子表格(Excel 2007),它有一个标题行,后面是(最多)几千行数据.我想将行插入第一行实际数据,所以在标题之后.我的理解是append函数适合于将内容添加到文件的末尾.
阅读openpyxl和xlrd(以及xlwt)的文档,除了手动循环内容并插入新工作表(插入所需的行之后)之外,我找不到任何明确的方法.
鉴于我迄今为止使用Python的经验有限,我试图理解这是否确实是最好的选择(最pythonic!),如果是这样,有人可以提供一个明确的例子.具体来说,我可以使用openpyxl读取和写入行,还是必须访问单元格?另外我可以(过)写同一个文件(名字)吗?
解决方法:
==根据此处的反馈更新为功能齐全的版本:groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/openpyxl-users/wHGecdQg3Iw. ==
正如其他人所指出的那样,openpyxl不提供此功能,但我已按如下方式扩展了Worksheet类以实现插入行.希望这证明对他人有用.
def insert_rows(self, row_idx, cnt, above=False, copy_style=True, fill_formulae=True):
"""Inserts new (empty) rows into worksheet at specified row index.
:param row_idx: Row index specifying where to insert new rows.
:param cnt: Number of rows to insert.
:param above: Set True to insert rows above specified row index.
:param copy_style: Set True if new rows should copy style of immediately above row.
:param fill_formulae: Set True if new rows should take on formula from immediately above row, filled with references new to rows.
Usage:
* insert_rows(2, 10, above=True, copy_style=False)
"""
CELL_RE = re.compile("(?P<col>\$?[A-Z]+)(?P<row>\$?\d+)")
row_idx = row_idx - 1 if above else row_idx
def replace(m):
row = m.group('row')
prefix = "$" if row.find("$") != -1 else ""
row = int(row.replace("$",""))
row += cnt if row > row_idx else 0
return m.group('col') + prefix + str(row)
# First, we shift all cells down cnt rows...
old_cells = set()
old_fas = set()
new_cells = dict()
new_fas = dict()
for c in self._cells.values():
old_coor = c.coordinate
# Shift all references to anything below row_idx
if c.data_type == Cell.TYPE_FORMULA:
c.value = CELL_RE.sub(
replace,
c.value
)
# Here, we need to properly update the formula references to reflect new row indices
if old_coor in self.formula_attributes and 'ref' in self.formula_attributes[old_coor]:
self.formula_attributes[old_coor]['ref'] = CELL_RE.sub(
replace,
self.formula_attributes[old_coor]['ref']
)
# Do the magic to set up our actual shift
if c.row > row_idx:
old_coor = c.coordinate
old_cells.add((c.row,c.col_idx))
c.row += cnt
new_cells[(c.row,c.col_idx)] = c
if old_coor in self.formula_attributes:
old_fas.add(old_coor)
fa = self.formula_attributes[old_coor].copy()
new_fas[c.coordinate] = fa
for coor in old_cells:
del self._cells[coor]
self._cells.update(new_cells)
for fa in old_fas:
del self.formula_attributes[fa]
self.formula_attributes.update(new_fas)
# Next, we need to shift all the Row Dimensions below our new rows down by cnt...
for row in range(len(self.row_dimensions)-1+cnt,row_idx+cnt,-1):
new_rd = copy.copy(self.row_dimensions[row-cnt])
new_rd.index = row
self.row_dimensions[row] = new_rd
del self.row_dimensions[row-cnt]
# Now, create our new rows, with all the pretty cells
row_idx += 1
for row in range(row_idx,row_idx+cnt):
# Create a Row Dimension for our new row
new_rd = copy.copy(self.row_dimensions[row-1])
new_rd.index = row
self.row_dimensions[row] = new_rd
for col in range(1,self.max_column):
col = get_column_letter(col)
cell = self.cell('%s%d'%(col,row))
cell.value = None
source = self.cell('%s%d'%(col,row-1))
if copy_style:
cell.number_format = source.number_format
cell.font = source.font.copy()
cell.alignment = source.alignment.copy()
cell.border = source.border.copy()
cell.fill = source.fill.copy()
if fill_formulae and source.data_type == Cell.TYPE_FORMULA:
s_coor = source.coordinate
if s_coor in self.formula_attributes and 'ref' not in self.formula_attributes[s_coor]:
fa = self.formula_attributes[s_coor].copy()
self.formula_attributes[cell.coordinate] = fa
# print("Copying formula from cell %s%d to %s%d"%(col,row-1,col,row))
cell.value = re.sub(
"(\$?[A-Z]{1,3}\$?)%d"%(row - 1),
lambda m: m.group(1) + str(row),
source.value
)
cell.data_type = Cell.TYPE_FORMULA
# Check for Merged Cell Ranges that need to be expanded to contain new cells
for cr_idx, cr in enumerate(self.merged_cell_ranges):
self.merged_cell_ranges[cr_idx] = CELL_RE.sub(
replace,
cr
)
Worksheet.insert_rows = insert_rows