用浏览器来查看Tomcat的运行状态:
配置Tomcat的管理用户和权限。
打开%Tomcat_Home%/conf/目录下的tomcat-user.xml文件,配置以下内容:
<role rolename="manager-status"/> <role rolename="manager"/> <role rolename="manager-jmx"/> <role rolename="manager-gui"/> <role rolename="manager-script"/> <role rolename="admin"/> <user username="tomcat" password="tomcat" roles="tomcat"/> <user username="admin" password="tomcat" roles="manager,manager-gui,admin,manager-status,manager-jmx,manager-script"/>
此时可通过admin用户来访问tomcat的状态,在浏览器地址中输入:
http://localhost:8080/manager/status?XML=true
输入用户名:admin,密码:tomcat. 出现以下页面,即Tomcat的运行状态。
或者可以直接访问:
http://admin:tomcat@localhost :8080/manager/status?XML=true
Java程序获取Tomcat运行状态:
根据上面的思路,可以通过URL来获取Tomcat manager返回的信息,再解析这个信息就可以了,参考cacti的监控方式中,用perl编写的监控模板也是如此,如下:
my $host = shift; my $username = shift; my $password = shift; my $connector = shift or &usage; my $url = "http://$username:$password"."\@$host/manager/status?XML=true"; my $xml = `GET $url`; my $status = XMLin($xml);
因此Java也可参考此方法:
@Test public void test1() throws IOException { URL url = null; InputStream is = null; StringBuffer resultBuffer = new StringBuffer(); BufferedReader breader = null; try { url = new URL( "http://admin:tomcat@localhost:8080/manager/status?XML=true"); HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); is = conn.getInputStream(); breader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is)); String line = ""; while ((line = breader.readLine()) != null) { resultBuffer.append(line); } } catch (MalformedURLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { if (breader != null) breader.close(); if (is != null) is.close(); } System.out.println(resultBuffer.toString()); }
运行时出现如下错误:
java.io.IOException: Server returned HTTP response code: 401 for URL: http://admin:tomcat@localhost:8080/manager/status?XML=true at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.getInputStream(HttpURLConnection.java:1625) at com.merit.monitor.tomcat.TestTomcatStatus.test1(TestTomcatStatus.java:57) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606) at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:44) at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15) at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:41) at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:20) at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runNotIgnored(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:79) at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:71) at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:49) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:193) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:52) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:191) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:42) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:184) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:236) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)
出错原因可以去stackoverview上查看,这里直接给出正确的解决方法:
1、编写获取Tomcat状态的字符串方法:
/** * @Description: 获取指定URL的内容 * @Version1.0 2014-7-23 下午02:18:22 by xuqiang(xuqiang@merit.com)创建 * @param tempurl url地址 * @param username tomcat 管理用户名 * @param password tomcat 管理用户密码 * @return * @throws IOException */ public static String getHtmlContext(String tempurl, String username, String password) throws IOException { URL url = null; BufferedReader breader = null; InputStream is = null; StringBuffer resultBuffer = new StringBuffer(); try { url = new URL(tempurl); String userPassword = username + ":" + password; String encoding = new sun.misc.BASE64Encoder().encode (userPassword.getBytes());//在classpath中添加rt.jar包,在%java_home%/jre/lib/rt.jar HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); conn.setRequestProperty("Authorization", "Basic " + encoding); is = conn.getInputStream(); breader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is)); String line = ""; while ((line = breader.readLine()) != null) { resultBuffer.append(line); } } catch (MalformedURLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { if(breader != null) breader.close(); if(is != null) is.close(); } return resultBuffer.toString(); }
2、编写测试方法:
@Test public void test() { String result = ""; Document document = null;//引入org.dom4j包 try { result = GetHtmlContext.getHtmlContext("http://localhost:8080/manager/status?XML=true", "admin", "tomcat"); document = DocumentHelper.parseText(result);//将字符串转化为XML的Document } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (DocumentException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } System.out.println(document.asXML()); }
运行junit,正常打印监控状态的XML格式内容。这样就可以解析XML Dom的值获取Tomcat的运行状态。