Thinking in Java之衍生类和基础类的初始化顺序

《Thinking in Java》书里的例子,我又稍微修改了下代码:

class Real{
public Real(String index) {
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
System.out.println("Real()"+index);
}
}
class Meal{
Real r= new Real("Meal");
Meal() {
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
System.out.println("Meal()");
}
}
class Bread{
Bread() {
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
System.out.println("Bread()");
}
}
class Cheese{
Cheese() {
System.out.println("Cheese()");
}
}
class Lettuce{
Lettuce() {
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
System.err.println("Lettuce()");
}
}
class Lunch extends Meal{
Real r= new Real("Lunch");
Lunch(){
System.out.println("Lunch()");
}
}
class PortableLunch extends Lunch{
Real r= new Real("PortableLunch");
PortableLunch(){
System.out.println("PortableLunch()");
}
}
public class Sandwich extends PortableLunch{
Bread b= new Bread();
Cheese c= new Cheese();
Lettuce l= new Lettuce();
Sandwich(){
System.out.println("Sandwich()");
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
new Sandwich();
} }

output:

Real()Meal
Meal()
Real()Lunch
Lunch()
Real()PortableLunch
PortableLunch()
Bread()
Cheese()

Lettuce()
Sandwich()

总结:

如果衍生类和基础类都没有static成员,创建衍生类,初始化顺序:一直向上,从根类开始,初始化根类成员,然后根类构造器;然后向下,次根类成员,次根类构造器,以此类推,一直到衍生类本身。

自己摸索的demo:

package com.westward;

public class Demo19 extends Animal{

    public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("Demo19.main();");
} }
class Animal{
public static Good good= new Good();
}
class Good{
public Good() {
System.out.println("Good()");
}
}
/*
* 在继承中,如果衍生类有main方法,main方法中并未创建实例,加载顺序也是先加载基础类的static成员。然后衍生类的static成员,然后面方法。
* 一句话,如果需要加载衍生类的类类型,即class,那么无论是创建此类的实例还是调用此衍生类的static方法(包括main方法),都会先去加载基础类,并初始化static成员。
* */

output:
Good()
Demo19.main();

上一篇:关于IIS的4月26日笔记


下一篇:I can connect to an FTP site but I can't list or transfer files.