SpringMVC学习（二）——基于xml配置的springMVC项目（maven+spring4）

2022-09-29 10:19:17

可运行的附件地址：http://files.cnblogs.com/files/douJiangYouTiao888/springWithXML.zip

项目说明：

作者环境：maven3+jdk1.8+spring4

项目结构：

父pom：主要是进行一系列版本定义

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">

    <!-- 基础组件模块，定义各种公用的组件 -->

    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.wang</groupId>

    <artifactId>basicmodule</artifactId>

    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <packaging>pom</packaging>

    <name>basicmodule</name>

    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

    <!-- 常量属性 -->

    <properties>

        <!-- 编码集 -->

        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>

        <!-- spring版本 -->

        <springframework.version>4.3.7.RELEASE</springframework.version>

    </properties>

    <!-- 模块定义 -->

    <dependencyManagement>

        <dependencies>

            <!-- spring模块 -->

            <dependency>

                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

                <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>

                <version>${springframework.version}</version>

            </dependency>

            <dependency>

                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

                <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>

                <version>${springframework.version}</version>

            </dependency>

            <dependency>

                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

                <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>

                <version>${springframework.version}</version>

            </dependency>

            <dependency>

                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

                <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>

                <version>${springframework.version}</version>

            </dependency>

            <!-- servlet-api -->

            <dependency>

                <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>

                <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>

                <version>3.1.0</version>

                <!-- <scope>provide</scope> -->

            </dependency>

            <!-- jstl，需要引入jstl.jar和standard.jar -->

            <dependency>

                <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>

                <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>

                <version>1.2</version>

            </dependency>

            <!-- <dependency>

                <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>

                <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>

                <version>3.1.0</version>

                <scope>provide</scope>

            </dependency> -->

        </dependencies>

    </dependencyManagement>

</project>

当前pom：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">

  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.wang</groupId>

  <artifactId>springWithXML</artifactId>

  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

  <name>springWithXML Maven Webapp</name>

  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

 <!-- 父模块，基础模块 -->

    <parent>

        <groupId>com.wang</groupId>

        <artifactId>basicmodule</artifactId>

        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

    </parent>

    <dependencies>

    <!-- springMVC -->

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>

        </dependency>

        <!-- servlet-api -->

        <dependency>

            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>

            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>

            <scope>provided</scope>

        </dependency>

        <!-- jstl -->

        <dependency>

            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>

            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>

        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <build>

        <finalName>sprintWithXML</finalName>

    </build>

</project>

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app version="3.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">

    <!--

        源码：spring-web.jar

        功能：字符集过滤器，设置编码集为UTF-8，解决POST的中文乱码问题。

        参数说明：

            encoding：request的编码集(request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8"))

            forceEncoding：默认为false设置为true，response的编码集也强制转变成UTF-8(response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8"))

    -->

    <filter>

        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>

        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>

        <init-param>

            <param-name>encoding</param-name>

            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>

        </init-param>

        <init-param>

            <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>

            <param-value>true</param-value>

        </init-param>

    </filter>

    <filter-mapping>

        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>

        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>

    </filter-mapping>

    <!--

        源码：spring-web.jar

        默认配置：/WEB-INF/${servlet-name}-servlet.xml，即/WEB-INF/wly-servlet.xml

        覆盖默认配置：初始化参数：contextConfigLocation，参数多个值使用逗号隔开，如：a.xml,b.xml

     -->

    <servlet>

        <servlet-name>wly</servlet-name>

        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

        <init-param>

            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

            <param-value>classpath*:wly-servlet.xml</param-value>

        </init-param>

        <!-- 容器初始化加载此servlet -->

        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>

    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>

        <servlet-name>wly</servlet-name>

        <!--

            一般有以下写法：

            *.do    拦截固定格式的请求

            /       rest风格的写法：拦截所有资源，需要针对静态资源做单独处理

            /*      错误写法：会在处理完请求后拦截jsp导致404错误

         -->

        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>

    </servlet-mapping>

    <!-- 测试使用的servlet -->

    <servlet>

        <servlet-name>testServlet</servlet-name>

        <servlet-class>com.wang.servlet.TestServlet</servlet-class>

    </servlet>

</web-app>

springmvc核心配置文件：wly-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd">

    <!-- 公共配置，默认配置在org.springframework.web.servlet.Dispatcher类同包DispatcherServlet.properties下 -->

    <!-- HandlerMapping，映射器，配置的bean.name对应请求的url，将请求的url映射为一个HandlerExecutionChain对象（包含一个Handler和多个HandlerInterceptor) -->

    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"/>

    <!-- HandlerAdapter，将handler包装为适配器，满足各种不同适配器的使用，Controller、SimpleFormController等 -->

    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"/>

    <!-- ViewResovler，将拼接视图逻辑名称转为物理视图 -->

    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">

        <!-- 需要引入jstl的相关jar包，jstl1.2以下需要引入jstl.jar、standard.jar -->

        <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"></property>

        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>

        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>

    </bean>

    <!-- 静态资源处理，不拦截静态资源 -->

    <mvc:resources location="/" mapping="/**/*.js"></mvc:resources>

    <!-- handler,处理器，需要开发实现 -->

    <bean name="/wang" class="com.wang.controller.WangController"/>

    <!-- 接口return null的情况代表已经把输出通过流的形式返回，无需进行视图的解析 -->

    <bean name="/testNull" class="com.wang.controller.NullController"/>

    <!-- GET、POST请求方式的限定，supportedMethods需要配合AbstractController使用 -->

    <bean name="/helloPost" class="com.wang.controller.HelloController">

        <property name="supportedMethods" value="POST"></property>

    </bean>

    <!-- 缓存响应信息 -->

    <bean name="/helloCache" class="com.wang.controller.HelloController">

        <!-- 默认为-1，>0的值代表缓存时间 -->

        <property name="cacheSeconds" value="8"></property>

    </bean>

    <!-- 请求转发给servlet来处理 -->

    <bean name="/helloServlet" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.ServletForwardingController">

        <!--value对应web.xml的<servlet-name>-->

        <property name="servletName" value="testServlet"></property>

    </bean>

</beans>

java类：

package com.wang.controller;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.AbstractController;

public class HelloController extends AbstractController{

    @Override

    protected ModelAndView handleRequestInternal(HttpServletRequest request,

            HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {

        System.err.println("deal request");

        ModelAndView mv =new ModelAndView();

        //模型

        mv.addObject("message","test");

        //视图

        mv.setViewName("index");

        return mv;

    }

}

package com.wang.controller;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;

public class NullController implements Controller{

    public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request,

            HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {

        response.getWriter().write("<a href=''>this</a>");

        //return null给DispatcherServlet，即告知servlet无需进行视图解析。

        return null;

    }

}

package com.wang.controller;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;

public class WangController implements Controller {

    public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request,

            HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {

        System.err.println("deal request!");

        ModelAndView mv =new ModelAndView();

        //模型

        mv.addObject("message","test");

        //视图

        mv.setViewName("index");

        return mv;

    }

}

package com.wang.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class TestServlet extends HttpServlet{

    @Override

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)

            throws ServletException, IOException {

        doPost(req, resp);

    }

    @Override

    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)

            throws ServletException, IOException {

        System.err.println("servlet处理");

        resp.sendRedirect("index.jsp");

    }

}

测试URL：

　　http://ip:port/具体URL

　　1.Controller返回ModeAndView：/wang

　　2.Controller返回null：/testNull

　　3.只接受POST请求：/helloPost

　　4.缓存响应信息：/helloCache

　　5.请求转发给servlet来处理：/helloServlet

　　例：http://localhost:8088/wang

OK，大功告成~

码农公寓

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