1.关于本文
文中描述的是一个学习List类过程中写的程序，程序中进行了以下步骤
1）创建list<string>
2）调用函数push_front和push_back添加元素
3）调用迭代器遍历list
4）调用函数front和back查找首尾结点
5）调用函数pop_front和pop_back删除元素
6）调用函数insert添加元素
7）调用函数erase和removed删除元素
8）调用函数sort对list进行排序
9）调用函数merge将两个list合并
10）调用函数reverse翻转list中全部元素
11）调用函数clear清空list中全部元素
2.程序代码
下面的代码是在VC++6.0中编译的
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <string>
#include <list>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
// 创建list
string temp[] = {"Tsybius", "Galatea"};
list<string> namelist (temp, temp + sizeof(temp)/sizeof(string));
// 添加元素
cout << "Push from front and back" << endl;
namelist.push_front("Quintus");
namelist.push_back("Titus");
cout << endl;
// 遍历list
cout << "Traverse List" << endl;
list<string> :: iterator iter;
for(iter = namelist.begin(); iter != namelist.end(); iter++)
{
cout << *iter << ‘ ‘;
}
cout << endl << endl;
// 首尾结点
cout << "Front & Back" << endl;
cout << "front: " << namelist.front() << endl;
cout << "back: " << namelist.back() << endl;
cout << endl;
// 删除元素
cout << "Delete from Front and Back" << endl;
namelist.pop_front();
namelist.pop_back();
cout << endl;
// 遍历list
cout << "Traverse List" << endl;
for(iter = namelist.begin(); iter != namelist.end(); iter++)
{
cout << *iter << ‘ ‘;
}
cout << endl << endl;
// 插入元素
cout << "Insert Data" << endl;
namelist.insert(namelist.begin(), "Julius");
iter = namelist.begin();
iter++;iter++; //注意：不能写成iter+=2，相关运算符没有重载
namelist.insert(iter, "Marcus");
cout << endl;
// 遍历list
cout << "Traverse List" << endl;
for(iter = namelist.begin(); iter != namelist.end(); iter++)
{
cout << *iter << ‘ ‘;
}
cout << endl << endl;
// 删除数据
cout << "Erase Data" << endl;
iter = namelist.begin();
advance(iter, 3);
namelist.erase(iter); //方法1
namelist.remove("Julius"); //方法2
cout << endl;
// 遍历list
cout << "Traverse List" << endl;
for(iter = namelist.begin(); iter != namelist.end(); iter++)
{
cout << *iter << ‘ ‘;
}
cout << endl << endl;
// 排序List（自小到大，sort中可以添加返回布尔值的函数，作为比较依据）
namelist.sort();
// 遍历list
cout << "Traverse List" << endl;
for(iter = namelist.begin(); iter != namelist.end(); iter++)
{
cout << *iter << ‘ ‘;
}
cout << endl << endl;
// 与另一个list合并
cout << "Merge Two Lists" << endl;
string temp2[] = {"Licinius", "Cicero"};
list<string> namelist2 (temp2, temp2 + sizeof(temp2)/sizeof(string));
namelist.merge(namelist2);
cout << endl;
// 遍历list
cout << "Traverse List" << endl;
for(iter = namelist.begin(); iter != namelist.end(); iter++)
{
cout << *iter << ‘ ‘;
}
cout << endl << endl;
// 翻转list
cout << "Reverse List" << endl;
namelist.reverse();
cout << endl;
// 遍历list
cout << "Traverse List" << endl;
for(iter = namelist.begin(); iter != namelist.end(); iter++)
{
cout << *iter << ‘ ‘;
}
cout << endl << endl;
// 清空List
cout << "Size: " << namelist.size() << endl;
cout << "IsEmpty? " << namelist.empty() << endl;
namelist.clear();
cout << "Size: " << namelist.size() << endl;
cout << "IsEmpty? " << namelist.empty() << endl;
system("pause");
return 0;
}
4.运行结果
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