I/O 管道 - .NET | Microsoft Docs

async Task ProcessLinesAsync(Socket socket)
{
    var pipe = new Pipe();
    Task writing = FillPipeAsync(socket, pipe.Writer);
    Task reading = ReadPipeAsync(pipe.Reader);

    await Task.WhenAll(reading, writing);
}

async Task FillPipeAsync(Socket socket, PipeWriter writer)
{
    const int minimumBufferSize = 512;

    while (true)
    {
        // Allocate at least 512 bytes from the PipeWriter.
        Memory<byte> memory = writer.GetMemory(minimumBufferSize);
        try
        {
            int bytesRead = await socket.ReceiveAsync(memory, SocketFlags.None);
            if (bytesRead == 0)
            {
                break;
            }
            // Tell the PipeWriter how much was read from the Socket.
            writer.Advance(bytesRead);
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            LogError(ex);
            break;
        }

        // Make the data available to the PipeReader.
        FlushResult result = await writer.FlushAsync();

        if (result.IsCompleted)
        {
            break;
        }
    }

     // By completing PipeWriter, tell the PipeReader that there's no more data coming.
    await writer.CompleteAsync();
}

async Task ReadPipeAsync(PipeReader reader)
{
    while (true)
    {
        ReadResult result = await reader.ReadAsync();
        ReadOnlySequence<byte> buffer = result.Buffer;

        while (TryReadLine(ref buffer, out ReadOnlySequence<byte> line))
        {
            // Process the line.
            ProcessLine(line);
        }

        // Tell the PipeReader how much of the buffer has been consumed.
        reader.AdvanceTo(buffer.Start, buffer.End);

        // Stop reading if there's no more data coming.
        if (result.IsCompleted)
        {
            break;
        }
    }

    // Mark the PipeReader as complete.
    await reader.CompleteAsync();
}

bool TryReadLine(ref ReadOnlySequence<byte> buffer, out ReadOnlySequence<byte> line)
{
    // Look for a EOL in the buffer.
    SequencePosition? position = buffer.PositionOf((byte)'\n');

    if (position == null)
    {
        line = default;
        return false;
    }

    // Skip the line + the \n.
    line = buffer.Slice(0, position.Value);
    buffer = buffer.Slice(buffer.GetPosition(1, position.Value));
    return true;
}

PipeScheduler

通常在使用 async 和 await 时，异步代码会在 TaskScheduler 或当前 SynchronizationContext 上恢复。

在执行 I/O 时，对执行 I/O 的位置进行细粒度控制非常重要。 此控件允许高效利用 CPU 缓存。 高效的缓存对于 Web 服务器等高性能应用至关重要。 PipeScheduler 提供对异步回调运行位置的控制。 默认情况下：

• 使用当前的 SynchronizationContext。
• 如果没有 SynchronizationContext，它将使用线程池运行回调

public static void Main(string[] args)
{
    var writeScheduler = new SingleThreadPipeScheduler();
    var readScheduler = new SingleThreadPipeScheduler();

    // Tell the Pipe what schedulers to use and disable the SynchronizationContext.
    var options = new PipeOptions(readerScheduler: readScheduler,
                                  writerScheduler: writeScheduler,
                                  useSynchronizationContext: false);
    var pipe = new Pipe(options);
}

// This is a sample scheduler that async callbacks on a single dedicated thread.
public class SingleThreadPipeScheduler : PipeScheduler
{
    private readonly BlockingCollection<(Action<object> Action, object State)> _queue =
     new BlockingCollection<(Action<object> Action, object State)>();
    private readonly Thread _thread;

    public SingleThreadPipeScheduler()
    {
        _thread = new Thread(DoWork);
        _thread.Start();
    }

    private void DoWork()
    {
        foreach (var item in _queue.GetConsumingEnumerable())
        {
            item.Action(item.State);
        }
    }

    public override void Schedule(Action<object> action, object state)
    {
        _queue.Add((action, state));
    }
}