转自：http://msprogrammer.serviciipeweb.ro/2012/01/15/usual-methods-to-transfer-data-from-page-to-page-in-asp-net-mvc/
Usual Methods to transfer data from Page To Page in ASP.NET MVC
Preamble:
In ASP.NET ( like in PHP and other Web frameworks) there are 2 clear entities: Server ( code on the WebServer ) and Client( the HTML interpreted by the browser and javascript).
Server and Client shares same cookies – means Client and Client both can read and write cookies.
Transfer from the Client to Server happens when
a) you click a link : the information to transfer is query string . That means, http://…/a?x=y&a=b will send information y ( associated to key x) and b( associated to key a). This is called a GET
b) you press a submit button to send a FORM : the information is values of select and input. This is called a POST.
c) you send information via javascript ( including AJAX) . Usually this can involve a PUT, a GET, or other ( see REST ).
d) Creating/Modifying and send cookies. The sending happens automatically by the browser .
Transfer from the Server to Client
a)sending text(HTML)/binary data. . The interpretation is done by the browser( how to display html, how to display send file …)
b) Creating/Modifying and send cookies . Browser will do automatically this.
ASP.NET WebForms way:
For ASP.NET Webforms the modalities to transfer are detailed by Peter Bromberg , http://www.eggheadcafe.com/tutorials/asp-net/e653f028-01fb-4d0e-843b-058deae562a2/eight-different-ways-to-transfer-data-from-one-page-to-another-page.aspx .
ASP.NET MVC way:
I want to discuss from ASP.NET MVC perspective. In MVC we have 2 distinct objects: VIEW and ACTION. Both happens to run on the Server .
- The ACTION can return a VIEW or ( or a redirect to) another ACTION or simply a FILE
- The VIEW processes a Model ( and a ViewBag/ViewData) and sends the text( HTML) data to the Client .
Instead of PAGES , we will discuss of VIEWS – because the VIEWS sends HTML data to the Client.
So, to transfer data between View1 to View2 in MVC is reduced to this:
a) Page1 transfer data to the server ACTION1( by a,b,c,d methods in the Preamble )
b) The Action receives the values as his parameters ( by binding) and can do this:
b1) Return a different View ( using some logic :
if( a )
return View1(Model1);
else
return View2(Model1);
b2) Returning a Redirect to ACTION2 ( that return View2) or simply return the result of this action
return RedirectToAction(Action2(<parameters>)); //Used in Post/Request/GET, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post/Redirect/Get
return Action2(<parameters>);
Resuming: Transfer betweem PAGE to PAGE in ASP.NET MVC is really transfering from ACTION to ACTION , besides the cookie that can be transferred directly by the browser.
9 Modalities to transfer data from Page to Page in ASP.NET MVC
Enough theory, let’s do some code. We have a Model to transfer named ModelTransfer
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public class ModelTransfer
{
public int Age { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
}
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We have the first View1( Index) and a second View2(Transfer) that will server as an example. Also, we will have the more ACTIONS – one for each example of transfer – all are using the TRANSFER action as an ultimate resort do see the View.
Method1 : Transfer directly to the second View/Action .
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<a href='@Url.Action("Transfer", new { Age = 42, Name = "Andrei Ignat" })'>click me</a>
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public ActionResult Transfer(ModelTransfer m)
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Method2 Index sends POST data to a [HttpPost] Index action, that performs some calculations and return a redirect.Usefull in PRG
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@using (Html.BeginForm()) { <input type="text" id="Age" name="Age" value="42" />
<input type="text" id="Name" name="Name" value="Andrei Ignat"/>
<input type="submit" value="Click me" />
} |
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[HttpPost] public ActionResult Index(ModelTransfer m)
{
//save to the database the data
//this is for transferring alert data - such an "Completed saving" message to the user
TempData["displayalert"] = " this is from Index POST action!";
//used in PRG
return RedirectToAction("Transfer", new ModelTransfer() { Age = m.Age, Name = m.Name });
}
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Method3: No data send. The ServerAction just make some data to be transferred to the Transfer view, by TempData
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<a href='@Url.Action("ServerAction")'>click me</a>
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public ActionResult ServerAction()
{
//You can put also into the Session / Application /Cache depending on your specifications
TempData["MyModel"]=new ModelTransfer(){ Age = 42, Name = "Andrei Ignat"};
TempData["displayalert"] = "this is from Server action!";
return RedirectToAction("Transfer");
}
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Method4: No data send. The ServerAction just make some data to be transferred to the Transfer view, by Cache
Method5: No data send. The ServerAction just make some data to be transferred to the Transfer view, by Session
Method6: No data send. The ServerAction just make some data to be transferred to the Transfer view, by Application
Method7: No data send. The ServerAction just make some data to be transferred to the Transfer view, by HttpContext Items
Method8: By Cookies
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<a href='@Url.Action("TransferCookies")'>click me</a>
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HttpCookie cook = new HttpCookie("Transfer");
//usually you put here more , but now I do not want to interfere with other methods
cook.Expires = DateTime.Now.AddSeconds(1);
cook.Value = "from transfer cookies";
Response.Cookies.Add(cook);
return RedirectToAction("Transfer");
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Method9: By Javascript /Ajax.
It is an entire post by itself and you can see here:
http://msprogrammer.serviciipeweb.ro/2011/12/05/jquery-ajax-request-and-mvcdetailed/
Summary
In this post you have seen 9 methods to transfer data in MVC. As a bonus, the page dispolays also a message with Javascript( usefull for messaging like “Data Saved to database” messages to the user.
The code source you will find here:
Transfer Data Page to Page
It is made with Razor and MVC3 – but you can replace Razor with aspx and MVC3 with MVC2 also.
If you think I can improve this post, please leave some comment.
Notes:
I used here hard coding values. Please learn about T4MVC and Html.EditorFor !
To learn more about ASP.NET MVC visit http://asp.net/mvc.
Default TempDataProvider is based on Session. There is one more , based on cookies.
Please do the exercises to gain self knowledge about MVC
This entry was posted on Sunday, January 15th, 2012 and is filed under ASP.NET MVC, full. You can follow any responses to this entry through RSS 2.0. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.