字典 wordList 中从单词 beginWord 和 endWord 的 转换序列 是一个按下述规格形成的序列:
序列中第一个单词是 beginWord 。
序列中最后一个单词是 endWord 。
每次转换只能改变一个字母。
转换过程中的中间单词必须是字典 wordList 中的单词。
给你两个单词 beginWord 和 endWord 和一个字典 wordList ,找到从 beginWord 到 endWord 的 最短转换序列 中的 单词数目 。如果不存在这样的转换序列,返回 0。
示例 1:
输入:beginWord = "hit", endWord = "cog", wordList = ["hot","dot","dog","lot","log","cog"]
输出:5
解释:一个最短转换序列是 "hit" -> "hot" -> "dot" -> "dog" -> "cog", 返回它的长度 5。
示例 2:
输入:beginWord = "hit", endWord = "cog", wordList = ["hot","dot","dog","lot","log"]
输出:0
解释:endWord "cog" 不在字典中,所以无法进行转换。
提示:
1 <= beginWord.length <= 10
endWord.length == beginWord.length
1 <= wordList.length <= 5000
wordList[i].length == beginWord.length
beginWord、endWord 和 wordList[i] 由小写英文字母组成
beginWord != endWord
wordList 中的所有字符串 互不相同
来源:力扣(LeetCode)
链接:https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/word-ladder
参考:
python
# 0127.单词接龙
class Solution:
def ladderLength(self, beginWord: str, endWord: str, wordList: [str]) -> int:
"""
无向图,BFS
:param beginWord:
:param endWord:
:param wordList:
:return:
"""
from typing import List
from collections import deque
wordSet = set(wordList)
if len(wordSet) == 0 or endWord not in wordSet:
return 0
if beginWord in wordSet:
wordSet.remove(beginWord)
queue = deque()
queue.append(beginWord)
visited = set(beginWord)
wordLen = len(beginWord)
step = 1
while queue:
curSize = len(queue)
for i in range(curSize):
word = queue.popleft()
word_list = list(word)
for j in range(wordLen):
originChar = word_list[j]
for k in range(26):
word_list[j] = chr(ord('a')+k)
next_word = "".join(word_list)
if next_word in wordSet:
if next_word == endWord:
return step + 1
if next_word not in visited:
queue.append(next_word)
visited.add(next_word)
word_list[j] = originChar
step += 1
return 0
golang
待完善