问题描述
该笔记将记录:在 Groovy 中,如何发送 HTTP 请求,以及相关问题处理。
解决方案
通过 Groovy 形式
HTTP GET
def html = "http://google.com".toURL().text html = new URL("http://*.com").getText() html = new URL("http://*.com").text // or new URL("http://*.com").getText( connectTimeout: 5000, readTimeout: 10000, useCaches: true, allowUserInteraction: false, requestProperties: ['Connection': 'close'] )
HTTP POST
def baseUrl = new URL('http://api.duckduckgo.com') def queryString = 'q=groovy&format=json&pretty=1' def connection = baseUrl.openConnection() connection.with { doOutput = true requestMethod = 'POST' outputStream.withWriter { writer -> writer << queryString } println content.text }
通过 Java 形式
// GET def get = new URL("https://httpbin.org/get").openConnection(); def getRC = get.getResponseCode(); println(getRC); if (getRC.equals(200)) { println(get.getInputStream().getText()); } // POST def post = new URL("https://httpbin.org/post").openConnection(); def message = '{"message":"this is a message"}' post.setRequestMethod("POST") post.setDoOutput(true) post.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json") post.getOutputStream().write(message.getBytes("UTF-8")); def postRC = post.getResponseCode(); println(postRC); if (postRC.equals(200)) { println(post.getInputStream().getText()); }
常见问题处理
URL Encode
import java.net.URLEncoder def encodedString = URLEncoder.encode("string with spaces and +", "UTF-8") assert encodedString == "string+with+spaces+and+%2B"
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「Groovy」- XML
「Groovy」- 常用 JSON 操作(Object 与 JSON)
「Groovy」- 处理路径地址
参考文献
Groovy built-in REST/HTTP client? - Stack Overflow
How to get the REST response in Groovy? - Stack Overflow
Executing an HTTP POST request - Groovy 2 Cookbook